Determination of the Quadrupole Splitting in Bulk n-GaAs by Warm-Up Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1728-1729
Author(s):  
V. M. Litvyak ◽  
R. V. Cherbunin ◽  
V. K. Kalevich ◽  
K. V. Kavokin
Keyword(s):  
Quadrupole Splitting ◽  
Warm Up

scholarly journals Interday Reliability and Usefulness of a Reactive Strength Index Derived From 2 Maximal Rebound Jump Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Comyns ◽  
Eamonn P. Flanagan ◽  
Sean Fleming ◽  
Evan Fitzgerald ◽  
Damian J. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Moderate Change ◽  
Familiarization Session

Purpose: To examine the interday reliability and usefulness of a reactive strength index (RSI) derived from a maximal 5-rebound jump test (5max RJT) and a maximal 10-rebound jump test (10/5 RJT). Methods: Twenty male field-sport athletes (24.5 [3.0] y, 1.78 [0.1] m, 84.9 [5.2] kg) and 15 female participants (21.1 [0.9] y, 1.65 [0.73] m, 62.0 [5.1] kg) performed 2 maximal repetitions of the 5max RJT and the 10/5 RJT on 2 testing days after a specific warm-up. A 1-wk period separated testing days, and these sessions were preceded by a familiarization session. RSI was calculated by dividing jump height (in meters) by contact time (in seconds). The 5max RJT and the 10/5 RJT trial with the highest RSI on each testing day were used for reliability and usefulness analysis. Results: Both tests were deemed reliable for determining RSI for male, female, and pooled male and female cohorts, as the intraclass correlation coefficients were ≥.80 and the coefficient of variation was ≤10%. Only the 5max RJT was rated as “good” at detecting the smallest worthwhile change in performance for female athletes (smallest worthwhile change: 0.10 > typical error: 0.07). The 5max RJT for men and the 10/5 RJT for men and women were rated “good” in detecting a moderate change in performance only. Conclusions: Both tests are reliable for the determination of RSI, but the usefulness of the tests in detecting the smallest worthwhile change is questionable.

Measurement for Warm-Up Decrement: A Review

1982 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Polynomial ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Method Of Measurement ◽  
Standardized Method

Research dealing with warm-up decrement shows there is diversity in measurement of this phenomenon. It would be advantageous to have a standardized method of measurement that is objective and does not require the determination of a peak trial. One such technique is orthogonal polynomial regression.

scholarly journals Analysis of solar cooker with thermal storage for remote hilly areas: determination of heating and cooling characteristic time

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Raghav ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Sharma ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Maithani ◽  
Alexis Iung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Characteristic Time ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Major Application ◽  
Alternate Solution

Solar cooking finds a major application in rural areas of Uttarakhand, India, yet its utilization is still limited due to certain limitation such as intermittent nature of solar radiations. This drawback limits solar cooker in becoming a viable alternate solution of LPG and other pollution causing resources such as wood. In order to cater this problem a numerical analysis of box type solar cooker with storage is carried out. The energy stored in the storage material will keep the cooker warm up to the time when food is consumed. Charging and discharging time analysis is performed in with an aim to understand the effect of storage on solar cooker. Heating and cooling characteristic time are being evaluated and analysed with storage. Thermal performance of box type solar cooker is measured in terms of figures of merit according to BIS standards. The effect of storage has also been analysed in terms of charging and discharging time and first figure of merit of box type solar cooker.it has been observed that during discharging the heat is stored for more duration as compared to the charging time as discharge time is approx. 4-5 hours while charging time for the same amount of insolation is around 3-4 hours.

Temperature-drop sensor for determination of drying curves in conventional lumber drying

Holzforschung ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Elustondo ◽  
Luiz Oliveira ◽  
Peter Lister
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Constant Factor ◽  
Moisture Evaporation ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Drying Curves ◽  
Pine Lumber ◽  
Lumber Drying

Abstract Conventional lumber drying is carried out by forcing hot air to flow across a pile of lumber layers separated by wood strips. The airflow provides the heat required to warm up the lumber and produce the moisture evaporation and, in theory, the difference in temperature at each side of the load can be used to estimate the evaporation rate. The main problem with this approach is that typical temperature sensors that are installed in conventional kilns are not accurate enough to measure the temperature drop across the load during periods of low evaporation. In this paper, a new sensor to measure the temperature drop across the load is proposed and tested in three experimental drying runs of 2″×6″ spruce-pine lumber. The results demonstrate that after calibration, the temperature drop across the load can be used to determine drying curves in conventional lumber drying. In the particular case of this study, calibration was performed by multiplying the experimental temperature drop across the load by a constant factor, which was adjusted by identifying the correction factor that best simulated the experimental green moisture content of the three lumber charges.

scholarly journals Evidence of O2 supply-dependentV˙o 2 max in the exercise-trained human quadriceps

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Richardson ◽  
B. Grassi ◽  
T. P. Gavin ◽  
L. J. Haseler ◽  
K. Tagore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Active Muscle ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Maximum Work ◽  
O2 Supply ◽  
Direct Measures

Maximal O2 delivery and O2 uptake (V˙o 2) per 100 g of active muscle mass are far greater during knee extensor (KE) than during cycle exercise: 73 and 60 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ 100 g−1 (2.4 kg of muscle) (R. S. Richardson, D. R. Knight, D. C. Poole, S. S. Kurdak, M. C. Hogan, B. Grassi, and P. D. Wagner. Am. J. Physiol. 268 ( Heart Circ. Physiol. 37): H1453–H1461, 1995) and 28 and 25 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ 100 g−1 (7.5 kg of muscle) (D. R. Knight, W. Schaffartzik, H. J. Guy, R. Predilleto, M. C. Hogan, and P. D. Wagner. J. Appl. Physiol. 75: 2586–2593, 1993), respectively. Although this is evidence of muscle O2 supply dependence in itself, it raises the following question: With such high O2 delivery in KE, are the quadriceps still O2 supply dependent at maximal exercise? To answer this question, seven trained subjects performed maximum KE exercise in hypoxia [0.12 inspired O2 fraction ([Formula: see text])], normoxia (0.21 [Formula: see text]), and hyperoxia (1.0 [Formula: see text]) in a balanced order. The protocol (after warm-up) was a square wave to a previously determined maximum work rate followed by incremental stages to ensure that a true maximum was achieved under each condition. Direct measures of arterial and venous blood O2 concentration in combination with a thermodilution blood flow technique allowed the determination of O2 delivery and muscleV˙o 2. Maximal O2 delivery increased with inspired O2: 1.3 ± 0.1, 1.6 ± 0.2, and 1.9 ± 0.2 l/min at 0.12, 0.21, and 1.0 [Formula: see text], respectively ( P < 0.05). Maximal work rate was affected by variations in inspired O2 (−25 and +14% at 0.12 and 1.0 [Formula: see text], respectively, compared with normoxia, P < 0.05) as was maximal V˙o 2(V˙o 2 max): 1.04 ± 0.13, 1.24 ± 0.16, and 1.45 ± 0.19 l/min at 0.12, 0.21, and 1.0[Formula: see text], respectively ( P < 0.05). Calculated mean capillary [Formula: see text] also varied with[Formula: see text] (28.3 ± 1.0, 34.8 ± 2.0, and 40.7 ± 1.9 Torr at 0.12, 0.21, and 1.0 [Formula: see text], respectively, P < 0.05) and was proportionally related to changes inV˙o 2 max, supporting our previous finding that a decrease in O2 supply will proportionately decrease muscleV˙o 2 max. As even in the isolated quadriceps (where normoxic O2 delivery is the highest recorded in humans) an increase in O2 supply by hyperoxia allows the achievement of a greater V˙o 2 max, we conclude that, in normoxic conditions of isolated KE exercise, KEV˙o 2 max in trained subjects is not limited by mitochondrial metabolic rate but, rather, by O2 supply.

Sign determination of the57Fe quadrupole splitting in an amorphous Fe24Zr76alloy

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. L73-L78 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Le Caer ◽  
J M Cadogan ◽  
R A Brand ◽  
J M Dubois ◽  
H J Guntherodt
Keyword(s):  
Quadrupole Splitting ◽  
Sign Determination

Determination of Ability of Hydrotronic Systems to Start in Low Ambient Temperatures

2010 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryszard Jasiński
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Electric Control ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Working Medium

During start-up of hydrotronic system (hydraulic system with electric control) in low ambient temperatures a faulty operation may occur. The principles and conditions of safe operation of hydraulically (hydrotronically) driven machines and devices is essential for their designers and operators. For these reasons the author did a series of tests of hydraulic (hydrotronic) components and systems under thermal shock conditions (cooled-down components were supplied with hot working medium). In such conditions starting parameters of the selected hydrotronic components and systems, which secured safety of their operation, were determined. During start-up of a hydrotronic system under thermal shock conditions elements of hydraulic components warm up in a non-uniform way, due to varying material and shape properties. This causes change of clearances between the cooperating elements and may lead to faulty performance of hydraulic components and result in machine break-down. Heat transfer coefficients between oil and swilled element were determined and used for a calculation method developed by the author. The method enables to predict correct or incorrect operation of hydrotronic system.

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