Acidity in organic horizons of arctic soils on the Barents Sea coast

The paper is a report of soil microfungi of the Barents Sea coast. 49 species of saprotrophic filamentous microfungi belonging to 22 genera were isolated by soil dilution methods from three tundra locations. 82-89% of strains were psychrophiles and psychrotrophs. 76-92% of isolates had tolerance to high concentration of NaCl in the media. Geomyces pannorum (Pseudogymnoascus roseus), Penicillium chrysogenum, P. expansum and Trichoderma viride were most often in these soil samples in all habitats studied. The microfungi Acremonium strictum and Phoma sp. were very frequent in different peat-bog habitats.

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Algae, cyanobacteria, and microscopic fungi complexes in the Rybachy Peninsula soils, Russia

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2017-2-18 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 181-194

Author(s):

Maria Korneykova ◽

Vera Redkina ◽

Regina Shalygina

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Barents Sea ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Fungal Mycelium ◽

Tundra Soils ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Cryogenic Soils ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Different Types ◽

Organic Horizons

The investigation of algal-mycological complexes in the Rybachy Peninsula soils was carried out. The different types of tundra soils (Al-Fe-humus podzols, podburs, dry-peaty, peats low moor, cryogenic, undeveloped soils) were researched. The soil samples were collected along the route from Bolshaya Volokovaya Bay, which is in the Barents Sea, to the west of the Cape Nemetskiy. The organic horizons of the tundra podzols and podburs on the Rybachy Peninsula are less acid in comparison with the continental tundra soils of the region. Number of microfungi in the Peninsula soils varied from 9 to 70 thousand colony-forming units per 1 g of soil (CFU/g). It was the least in the cryogenic soils. The fungal mycelium length was significant in all the soils with the exception of the undeveloped one – more than 1 thousand m in 1 g of soil. The biomass amounted to 1.7 mg/g of soil. The species diversity of the soil micromycetes complexes is represented by 12 species. The species Penicillium decumbens dominated by the abundance and frequency of occurrence in the podburs, dry-peaty soils, podzols and peats low moor soils. P. raistrickii and P. glabrum predominated in the undeveloped soils, while Mortierella stylospora prevailed in the cryogenic soils. 62 eukaryotic algae as well as 18 species of cyanobacteria were found in the soil samples from Peninsula. The cryogenic and undeveloped soils, as well as Al-Fe-humus podzols and podburs were characterized by low species diversity, predominantly of green algae of classes Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae. Cyanobacteria and diatoms were noted by their considerable diversity in the dry-peaty soils and peats low moor soils.

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Epilithic lichens and their morphological adaptations to the conditions of the White and Barents Seas coast (Russian Arctic)

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2012-2-11 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anzhella V. Sonina

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Barents Sea ◽

White Sea ◽

Lichen Species ◽

The White Sea ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Lichen Cover ◽

Functional Features ◽

Epilithic Lichens ◽

Sea Coast

The main aim of our work was to investigate the biodiversity of coastal lichens, conditions of lichen cover formation, and study the structural and functional adaptations of Lecanora intricata (Ach.) Ach. and L. polytropa (Ehrh. ex Hoffm.) Rabenh. The investigation was carried out during 2008-2012 on cliffs both along the Murmansk (the Barents Sea) coast and the southern and western shores of the White Sea. For the evaluation of species composition, and ecotopic coenotical features of epilithic lichen growing on cliffs, the geobotanical methods have been used. In addition, the anatomical, morphological and biochemical studies of Lecanora intricata and L. polytropa have been made. 91 species have been included in the total list of lichens on the White Sea coast. On the Murmask coast of the Barents Sea, 36 lichen species had revealed. On the coastal territory, the epilithic lichens inhabit the upper littoral and supralittoral zone. The lichen cover is formed by two interacting factors: the water factor (sea) and the terrestrial vegetation. Four lichen zones were distinguished in the all studying territories. They differed by the lichen species composition and effect of the sea. The first lichen’s zone is the intrazonal structure in the complex coastal lichen cover. In Lecanora polytropa and L. intricata, structural and functional features of lichens for adaptation to unstable coastal conditions were identified. The crustose biomorphs were better adapted to temperature and degree of hydration of thalli. Formation of the smallest ascospores is reproductive strategy of epilithic lichens in extreme habitats. High content of usnic acid in the studied lichen thalli allows them to exist in the open areas exposed to solar radiation and provides the biotic regulation that affects the structure of lichen cover. Optimal ratio of algal to fungal components in the thalli of these species is necessary to maintain their life in extreme environments.

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Paleoecological characteristics of the Barents sea coast during the late holocene by the example of Sredniy Peninsula

Arctic and Antarctic Research ◽

10.30758/0555-2648-2018-64-4-391-406 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 391-406

Author(s):

T. V. Sapelko ◽

E. S. Nosevich ◽

M. A. Kulkova ◽

A. I. Murashkin ◽

E. M. Kolpakov

Keyword(s):

Late Holocene ◽

Barents Sea ◽

Temperature Drop ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Tundra Vegetation ◽

Functional Zones ◽

Radiocarbon Data ◽

House Structure ◽

Metal Age ◽

Sea Coast

We received results of complex palaeoecological research at south-west Barents Sea coast. In Periayarvi 1 settlement (Sredniy Peninsula) discovered by V. Ya. Shumkin in 1994, archeological excavations of two house-structures were performed. We sampled the sequence in the house-structure 16 date to the Early Metal Age and we studied it with archaeological, palynological, geochemical and radiocarbon methods. The sequence in the house-structure 16 settlement include sand layers in the bottom, the upper part consists of slightly decomposed peat. The radiocarbon data obtained from the charcoal sample from the fireplace in the middle of the house-structure is 2920±70 C14 BP, which correlates with result of pollen analysis. According ac to pollen data, the sequence formation started at the first half of the Subboreal period during the spread of tundra vegetation and then vegetation changed to forest tundra while the climate was getting more comfortable for humans. At the Subatlantic period tundra recovers because of temperature drop. The landscape is getting similar to the modern one. According geochemical indications main functional zones of house-structure were distinguished, and that provides necessary information about main characteristics of living conditions. The complex of methods allows to date Periayarvi 1 settlement to the Early Metal Age. In the results we made reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions in the Late Holocene at the Barents Sea coast.

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Two genetic types of pseudotachylytes

Доклады Академии наук ◽

10.31857/s0869-56524845589-594 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 484 (5) ◽

pp. 589-594

Author(s):

Yu. A. Morozov ◽

M. A. Matveev ◽

A. I. Smulskaya ◽

A. L. Kulakovskiy

Keyword(s):

Barents Sea ◽

Rapid Rise ◽

Genetic Types ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Granite Type ◽

Initial Melting ◽

Original Rock ◽

Exclusive Processes ◽

Frictional Melting ◽

Sea Coast

The study of two varieties of pseudotachylytes (PST) in granitoids of the Riphean complex on the Barents Sea coast of the Kola Peninsula (Rybachii and Srednii peninsulas) and in metapsammite of the Paleoproterozoic complex in the Northern Ladoga region by a few independent analytical methods has made it possible to establish that they belong to different genetic forms, such as mechanically crushed rocks and melting products, respectively. As for the melting differences, we have given a detailed description of the mineral and material transformations of the original rock into the PST glass matrix and obtained evidence for the initial melting out of the micaceous eutectics with its subsequent shift to the granite type. The conclusion has been made on the most likely formation of molten PST due to frictional rock melting under rapid rise of its blocks from a depth of 12–15 km to the crustal surface (less than 3 km) along the faults of presumably seismogenic nature. It is suggested that crushing and frictional melting can be complementary, rather than mutually exclusive processes, and the formation of molten PST is commonly preceded by the mechanical rock crushing stage.

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Monitoring of Chlorophyll-a Content in Pelagic Ecosystems Estuarine of the Barents Sea Coast

Materials of XXVII International Coastal Conference "Arctic shores: shore-up to sustainability" ◽

10.31519/conferencearticle_5cebbc193212d0.06178369 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

В Водопьянова ◽

V Vodop'yanova ◽

П Ващенко ◽

P Vaschenko

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Barents Sea ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Chlorophyll A Content ◽

Pelagic Ecosystems ◽

Sea Coast

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Thermal regime of permafrost at Varandey Settlement along the Barents Sea Coast, North West Arctic Russia

Engineering Geology ◽

10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.09.026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 246 ◽

pp. 69-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thi Minh Hue Le ◽

Ivan Depina ◽

Emilie Guegan ◽

Anatoly Sinitsyn

Keyword(s):

Thermal Regime ◽

Barents Sea ◽

North West ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

Arctic Russia ◽

Sea Coast

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Heavy metals and black carbon in the atmosphere over the Barents sea: concentrations and fluxes onto the surface

10.29006/978-5-6045110-0-8/(12) ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 142-152

Author(s):

A.A. Vinogradova ◽

◽

E.I. Kotova ◽

Yu.A. Ivanova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Black Carbon ◽

Barents Sea ◽

Spatial Variations ◽

Near Surface ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

The Barents Sea ◽

The Mean ◽

Sea Area ◽

Sea Coast

Estimates of the fluxes of anthropogenic heavy metals (HM) – Pb, Cd, As, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cu – from the atmosphere onto the surface of the Barents Sea are based on previously calculated concentrations of these elements in near-surface atmosphere at three points of the Sea coast (on Kola Peninsula, in Nenets Nature Reserve, on Frantz-Josef Land archipelago). For lead and cadmium, the contributions of their anthropogenic emissions in foreign Europe, as well as of windblowing dust and soil particles have been taking into account(from EMEP reports). About 50% of lead and about 40% of cadmium come from those sources to the whole Sea area. In general, the atmosphere supplies yearly only a fraction of percent of HMs containing in the Barents Sea waters. In spring, during the period of ice melting, the atmospheric contribution to HM concentrations in Sea waters may be 2-10 times higher than average annual values. Also, we studied the spatial variations of black carbon (BC) contentin the atmosphere over the Barents Sea based on satellite data (reanalysis MERRA-2).The mean BC fluxes onto the snowed surface, and respective amendments the surface albedo and its radiation forcing were estimatedfor three regions under investigation.

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