Lipid Peroxidation Products in the Blood Plasma of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease as Possible Biomarkers of Different Stages of the Disease

ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of carvacrol and treadmill exercise on memory deficit, rotational behavior and oxidative stress biomarkers in a 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Wistar rats were treated with carvacrol at a dose of 25 mg/kg and/or ran on a treadmill for a week. Then, 6-OHDA was microinjected into the medial forebrain bundle and treatments continued for six more weeks. Aversive memory, rotational behavior and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed at the end of week six. The 6-OHDA-lesioned group showed a significant increase in rotational behavior and a decrease in step-through latency in the passive avoidance test compared with the sham group. These behaviors were accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation levels and decreased total thiol concentration in the striatum and/or hippocampus of the hemiparkinsonian rats. Moreover, treatment with carvacrol and exercise reduced rotational behavior and improved aversive memory deficit, which was accompanied by decreased lipid peroxidation levels and increased total thiol concentration in the striatum and/or hippocampus. In conclusion, treatment with carvacrol and treadmill exercise ameliorated motor and memory deficits by modulating oxidative stress in the striatum and hippocampus of hemiparkinsonian rats. Therefore, the combination of carvacrol and treadmill exercise could be an effective therapeutic tool for treatment of neurobehavioral deficits in Parkinson’s disease patients.

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Idebenone Ameliorates Rotenone-Induced Parkinson’s Disease in Rats Through Decreasing Lipid Peroxidation

Neurochemical Research ◽

10.1007/s11064-020-03186-w ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bahattin Avcı ◽

Caner Günaydın ◽

Tolga Güvenç ◽

Canan Kulcu Yavuz ◽

Nilufer Kuruca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Parkinson's Disease

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Biopharmaceutical Potential of Selegiline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles in the Management of Parkinson's Disease

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163815666180418144019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 417-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rajalakshmi Rukmangathen ◽

Indira Muzib Yallamalli ◽

Prasanna Raju Yalavarthi

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Zeta Potential ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Fickian Diffusion ◽

Brain Targeting ◽

Scanning Calorimetry

Background: Selegiline hydrochloride, a hydrophilic anti-Parkinson’ moiety, undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism and has low bioavailability. A process to obtain of selegiline (SH) loaded chitosan nanoparticles was attempted to circumvent the above problem, through intranasal delivery. Methods: SH loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan with tripolyphosphate, and stabilized by tween 80/ poloxamer 188. The resulting nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, entrapment efficiency, particle size, zeta potential and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy. Further, they were schematically evaluated for mucoadhesive strength, in-vitro drug release, release kinetics, pharmacokinetics, catalepsy, akinesia, in-vivo lipid peroxidation, nitrite levels, glutathione, catalase enzyme levels in brain and physicochemical stability parameters. Results: Selegiline nanoparticles (SP18) produced were in size of 63.1 nm, polydispersity index of 0.201, zeta potential of +35.2 mV, mucoadhesion of 65.4% and entrapment efficiency of 74.77%. Selegiline showed biphasic release from nanoparticles, over a period of 36 h, with Fickian diffusion controlled release profile. Maximum concentration of SH in plasma was recognized as 52.71 ng/ml at 2 h for SP18, 20.09 ng/ml at 1 h for marketed formulation, and 21.69 ng/ ml for drug solution. SH loaded NPs showed a reversive effect in catalepsy and akinesia behaviour. This effect was especially pronounced in rats receiving SH loaded CS-NPs. Significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and nitrite concentration; increase in reduced glutathione and catalase enzyme levels were obtained due to antioxidant characteristics of SH, which turned to be useful to treat Parkinson’s disease. Conclusion: Selegiline loaded chitosan nanoparticles form an effective non-invasive drug delivery system of direct nose to brain targeting in Parkinson’s disease.

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