Influence of Different Durations of Electroacupuncture Stimulation on Skin Blood Flow and Muscle Blood Volume

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Mori ◽  
Hiroshi Kuge ◽  
Tim Hideaki Tanaka ◽  
Eiichi Taniwaki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Flow Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stimulation Group ◽  
Femoris Muscle

Objective To determine whether skin blood flow (SBF) and muscle blood volume (MBV) responses differ according to the duration of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation. Methods Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, healthy male students (n=20) were randomly divided into two groups (an EA group and a no-stimulation group). In Experiment 2, healthy male students (n=37) were randomly divided into three groups with different stimulation durations of EA (5, 10 and 15 min). EA stimulation on the quadriceps femoris muscle was administered with a frequency of 1 Hz. SBF and MBV were estimated before, during and after stimulation. Results In Experiment 1 there was a significant difference between the groups (p=0.001). In the EA stimulation group, MBV increased immediately following EA (p=0.045) and 5 min (p=0.005) and 10 min (p=0.002) after EA compared with baseline. No significant change was observed in the no-stimulation group. In Experiment 2 there was no significant difference between the groups. All three stimulation durations (5, 10 and 15 min) yielded increases in MBV after stimulation compared with baseline. SBF following stimulation for 5 and 10 min was increased compared with baseline. Conclusions Based on these findings, we consider that 10 min EA stimulation could be a sufficient duration to induce a blood flow response in a clinical situation when increasing the blood flow is desirable.

Influence of electroacupuncture stimulation on skin temperature, skin blood flow, muscle blood volume and pupil diameter

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Tomoko Kubota ◽  
Hidetoshi Mori ◽  
Tateyuki Morisawa ◽  
Kazuyo Hanyu ◽  
Hiroshi Kuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Spinal Reflexes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Tibialis Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To examine the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation on multiple physiological indices and to evaluate both local and systemic physiological responses induced by the stimulation. Methods: 15 healthy male college students participated in an experimental crossover study. They received two kinds of interventions: one with EA stimulation and one without EA stimulation on different days. Two disposable acupuncture needles were inserted at two traditional acupuncture points (ST36 and ST38), located along the anterior tibialis muscle. EA stimulation was administered for 10 min. Skin temperature (ST), skin blood flow (SBF) and muscle blood volume (MBV) were recorded near the stimulation sites, while the pupil diameter (PD) was measured before, during and after the interventions. Results: ST, SBF and MBV increased significantly following EA stimulation. PD of the right and left eyes decreased significantly following EA stimulation. There was a significant difference in ST responses between the groups (P=0.001). For SBF, MBV and PD, no significant differences were demonstrated between the groups. Conclusions: Our study showed that 10 min of EA stimulation increased ST, SBF and MBV, and decreased PD, compared to baseline, while no significant change was observed in the control group. This suggests that EA stimulation alters local blood flow and ST, and these responses are likely mediated via segmental spinal reflexes, supraspinal reflexes involving parasympathetic activation, and other mechanisms.

Regional Variations of Human Skin Blood Flow Response to Histamine

2015 ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethel Tur ◽  
Galit Aviram ◽  
David Zeltser ◽  
Sarah Brenner ◽  
Howard I. Maibach
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Low Level Continuous Heat Wraps can Increase the Efficiency of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Pain Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 290-298
Author(s):  
Jerrold Petrofsky ◽  
Michael Laymon ◽  
Haneul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Heat

AbstractBoth transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and superficial heat have been used for pain management. While heat has been shown to have a beneficial effect on pain, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to see if heat, when added to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, would provide more consistent relief. A total of 180 subjects participated in this study and were randomly divided into 12 groups. Low level continuous heat was applied while electrical stimulation was applied at 2 intensities, 2 frequencies and with 2 waveforms for 4 h. Outcome measures were subjective pain scale, range of motion of the back and skin blood flow of the back. The control groups had no significant difference in pain, range of motion or skin blood flow comparing the data at the beginning and 4 h after (p> 0.05). There was a small reduction in pain with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation alone while all other groups had a significant improvement in range of motion free of pain, reduction in pain, and increase in skin blood flow from the beginning to the end of the 4-hour period. Since transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with low level continuous heat showed better outcomes then transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation alone or low level continuous heat alone, combining the 2 interventions seems to offer better outcomes for pain management for health care professionals.

Effect of continuous negative-pressure breathing on skin blood flow during exercise in a hot environment

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1845-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Nagashima ◽  
Hiroshi Nose ◽  
Akira Takamata ◽  
Taketoshi Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Pressure Breathing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptors

To assess the impact of continuous negative-pressure breathing (CNPB) on the regulation of skin blood flow, we measured forearm blood flow (FBF) by venous-occlusion plethysmography and laser-Doppler flow (LDF) at the anterior chest during exercise in a hot environment (ambient temperature = 30°C, relative humidity = ∼30%). Seven male subjects exercised in the upright position at an intensity of 60% peak oxygen consumption rate for 40 min with and without CNPB after 20 min of exercise. The esophageal temperature (Tes) in both conditions increased to 38.1°C by the end of exercise, without any significant differences between the two trials. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased by ∼15 mmHg by 8 min of exercise, without any significant difference between the two trials before CNPB. However, CNPB reduced MAP by ∼10 mmHg after 24 min of exercise ( P < 0.05). The increase in FBF and LDF in the control condition leveled off after 18 min of exercise above a Tes of 37.7°C, whereas in the CNPB trial the increase continued, with a rise in Tes despite the decrease in MAP. These results suggest that CNPB enhances vasodilation of skin above a Tes of ∼38°C by stretching intrathoracic baroreceptors such as cardiopulmonary baroreceptors.

Dynamics of the Skin Blood Flow Response to Histamine

Dermatology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Van Neste ◽  
J.P. Rihoux
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Influence of the Menstrual Cycle and Sex on the Skin Blood Flow Response to Tilting

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S38
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Meendering ◽  
Britta N. Torgrimson ◽  
Belinda L. Houghton ◽  
John R. Halliwill ◽  
Christopher T. Minson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Skin blood flow response to locally applied mechanical and thermal stresses in the diabetic foot

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih-Kuen Jan ◽  
Sa Shen ◽  
Robert D. Foreman ◽  
William J. Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Stroke volume during exercise: interaction of environment and hydration

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. H321-H330 ◽  
Author(s):  
José González-Alonso ◽  
Ricardo Mora-Rodríguez ◽  
Edward F. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Esophageal Temperature ◽  
Trained Subjects

Euhydrated and dehydrated subjects exercised in a hot and a cold environment with our aim to identify factors that relate to reductions in stroke volume (SV). We hypothesized that reductions in SV with heat stress are related to the interaction of several factors rather than the effect of elevated skin blood flow. Eight male endurance-trained cyclists [maximal O2 consumption (V˙o 2 max) 4.5 ± 0.1 l/min; means ± SE] cycled for 30 min (72%V˙o 2 max) in the heat (H; 35°C) or the cold (C; 8°C) when euhydrated or dehydrated by 1.5, 3.0, or 4.2% of their body weight. When euhydrated, SV and esophageal temperature (Tes 38.2–38.3°C) were similar in H and C, whereas skin blood flow was much higher in H vs. C (365 ± 64% higher; P < 0.05). With each 1% body weight loss, SV declined 6.4 ± 1.3 ml (4.8%) in H and 3.4 ± 0.4 ml (2.5%) in C, whereas Tes increased 0.21 ± 0.02 and 0.10 ± 0.02°C in H and C, respectively ( P < 0.05). However, reductions in SV were not associated with increases in skin blood flow. The reduced SV was highly associated with increased heart rate and reduced blood volume in both H ( R = 0.96; P < 0.01) and C ( R = 0.85; P < 0.01). In conclusion, these results suggest that SV is maintained in trained subjects during exercise in euhydrated conditions despite large differences in skin blood flow. Furthermore, the lowering of SV with dehydration appears largely related to increases in heart rate and reductions in blood volume.

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