Acupuncture Treatment of Lumbar Disc Related Disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Longworth ◽  
Peter McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Epidural Injection ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Chronic Sciatica

There is evidence that acupuncture may be of benefit to chronic sciatica sufferers even when they have failed to respond to previous treatment by drugs, bedrest, epidural injection, physiotherapy, osteopathy, chiropractic and surgery. The benefits that have been reported in small scale studies include: reduction in medication, better return to work figures and a decrease in the need for more invasive forms of treatment including surgery The case for the efficacy of acupuncture in acute pain is weaker, but it may be that the poor methodology of the acute pain studies was to blame. Guidelines for more appropriate trial design are suggested.

Women Welfare Measures Implemented During DMK Regime

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-779
Author(s):  
T.Vinsela Jeev
Keyword(s):  
Police Department ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Small Scale Industry ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Physically Challenged ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
School Books

During the DMK regime many welfare schemes for implemented for women especially. This schemes for developments for socio and economic activities for women. The poor women, widows, physically challenged were benefited their schemes. The government allotted lot of sewing machines, Free school books, Midday meal schemes, Small scale Industry, Self help groups, Boating supply for fisher mans and many women teachers were appointed in Elementary school, Middle school, High schools. Women’s were appointed in police Department and also so many schemes for the development of socio and economic condition of the poor women people.

Cooperation dynamics of polycentric climate governance

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 2503-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor V. Vasconcelos ◽  
Francisco C. Santos ◽  
Jorge M. Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Global Coordination ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate Change Governance

Global coordination for the preservation of a common good, such as climate, is one of the most prominent challenges of modern societies. In this manuscript, we use the framework of evolutionary game theory to investigate whether a polycentric structure of multiple small-scale agreements provides a viable solution to solve global dilemmas as climate change governance. We review a stochastic model which incorporates a threshold game of collective action and the idea of risky goods, capturing essential features unveiled in recent experiments. We show how reducing uncertainty both in terms of the perception of disaster and in terms of goals induce a transition to cooperation. Taking into account wealth inequality, we explore the impact of the homophily, potentially present in the network of influence of the rich and the poor, in the different contributions of the players. Finally, we discuss the impact of polycentric sanctioning institutions, showing how such a scenario also proves to be more efficient than a single global institution.

Towards a New Model of Conversion Careers: the Impact of Personality and Contingency Factors

Exchange ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Gooren
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Roman Catholicism ◽  
Guatemala City ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe central question of this article — why people may change their religious affiliation or become disaffiliated — is relevant from both an academic and a practical point of view. The article makes first an inventory of existing literature on religious conversion. Next I sketch the contours of the new conversion careers approach I am currently working on. I make some comparisons with a region that is not usually mentioned in the literature on conversion: Latin America. These comparisons are based on my earlier fieldwork on Roman Catholicism, Pentecostalism, and Mormonism in Costa Rica and Guatemala (H. Gooren, Rich among the Poor: Church, Firm, and Household among Small-scale Entrepreneurs in Guatemala City, Amsterdam: Thela Thesis 1999).

Long-Term Disability and Return to Work Among Patients Who Have a Herniated Lumbar Disc: The Effect of Disability Compensation*

2000 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN J. ATLAS ◽  
YUCHIAO CHANG ◽  
ERIN KAMMANN ◽  
ROBERT B. KELLER ◽  
RICHARD A. DEYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Herniated Lumbar Disc ◽  
Disability Compensation

scholarly journals The small-scale urban reservoir fisheries of Lago Paranoá, Brasília, DF, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Walter ◽  
M. Petrere Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Reservoir Fisheries ◽  
Average Monthly Income

In many cases in large urban centers, which have appropriate waterbodies, small-scale fisheries are the only source of cheap protein for the poor. In Lago Paranoá, located in Brasília, the capital city of Brazil, fishing was studied by conducting interviews with 53 fishers filling in logbooks from March, 1999 to March, 2000 in three fishing communities. The fishers come from the poorest towns around Brasília, known as satellite-towns. They have been living there on average for 21.7 years (s = 9.6 years), their families have 4.9 members (s = 3.6) on average and 44.2% do not have a basic education. However, such characteristics are similar to the socioeconomic indices of the metropolis where they live. In spite of being illegal between 1966 and 2000, fishing generated an average monthly income of U$ 239.00 (s = U$ 171.77). The Nile Tilapia Oreocrhromis niloticus is the main captured species (85% of a total number of landings in weight of 62.5 t.). Fishing is carried out in rowing boats, individually or in pairs. The fishing equipment used are gillnets and castnets. Gillnets were used actively, whereby the surface of the water is beaten with a stick to drive Tilapias towards nets as they have the ability to swim backwards. This fishing strategy was used in 64.7% of the fisheries, followed by castnets (31.1%) and by gillnets which were used less (4.2%). The fish is sold directly in the streets and fairs of the satellite-towns to middlemen or to bar owners. Three communities have different strategies in terms of fishing equipments, fishing spots and commercialization. Consequently, there are statistically significant differences in relation to the monthly income for each one of these communities.

Comparison of small-scale providers' and utility performance in urban water supply: the case of Maputo, Mozambique

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jigar Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Household Level ◽  
African Cities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Urban Population Growth

Following independence from colonial rule, African governments struggled to cope with the legacy of fragmented water services and new demands of peri-urban population growth. Privatization was presented as a panacea that would expand and improve water supply. Small-scale independent water providers (SSPs) were meanwhile often the only actors ensuring that services were available to the peri-urban poor. Nonetheless, they were ignored and even vilified in ‘pro-poor’ strategies of water supply reform. Recent studies have actually demonstrated the important role SSPs play in serving the poor in African cities, however, substantial knowledge gaps remain. This study of SSP activities in Maputo, Mozambique provides rigorous empirical evidence about the performance of fully private SSPs vis-à-vis a privatized utility at both the provider and household level. The findings belie long-held notions of informal water provision as inferior and inefficient and formal sector privatization as the preferred strategy for reaching the poor. Improving water supply in African cities requires an understanding of the specific advantages of provider-types and avoiding universal cures.

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