SAT0697 Association between tonsillitis and newly diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide, population-based, case-control study

Background:Recent studies show possible mechanisms of microbiota alterations that lead to the development of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). These disturbances in the microbiota can be caused by long-term and high dose intake of antibioticsObjectives:To analyze the association between antibiotic/s use and the risk of developing AS.Methods:Population based case-control study using electronic medical records data from SIDIAP, covering >80% of the population in Catalonia, Spain. AS diagnoses with 2+ years data available were matched to up to 5:1 controls of same age, sex, and GP practice, and similar follow-up. Tracking of antibiotic use in the previous two years was done through pharmacy dispensation data standardized with ATC codes, and categorized in terms of recency of use and quartiles of cumulative dose. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression analyzing antibiotic use (yes/no), recency of intake (current, recent, past, no use) and cumulative dose (quartiles of daily defined doses in the previous two years). All analyses were adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking, co-morbidity, socio-economic deprivation and number of GP visits as a proxy for healthcare resource use.Results:The study included 4,493 cases diagnosed with AS and 22,016 controls. 46.3% of cases and 28.2% of controls had taken antibiotics. An association between taking beta-lactams (OR 1.18 [95% CI: 1.09-1.28]) and taking macrolides (OR 1.34 [95% CI: 1.18-1.52]) and getting diagnosed with AS was found. This association was stronger with current/recent use (Figure 1), but no dose-response pattern was seen (Figure 2).Figure 1.Recency of use and AS diagnosis.Figure 2.Cumulative use and AS diagnosisConclusion:There is an association between use of certain types of antibiotics and the diagnosis of AS, but no dose-response gradient. These data do not support a causal effect of cumulative antibiotic use on the development of AS. More research is needed on the impact of microbiome disturbance on the risk of developing AS.Acknowledgments:Partial support received from the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)Disclosure of Interests:Ana Pascual-Dapena: None declared, Albert Prats-Uribe: None declared, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra Grant/research support from: Professor Prieto-Alhambra has received research Grants from AMGEN, UCB Biopharma and Les Laboratoires Servier, Consultant of: DPA’s department has received fees for consultancy services from UCB Biopharma, Speakers bureau: DPA’s department has received fees for speaker and advisory board membership services from Amgen

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Association of Prodromal Type 1 Diabetes With School Absenteeism of Danish Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Case-Control Study of 1,338 Newly Diagnosed Children

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc20-0769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (11) ◽

pp. 2886-2888

Author(s):

Peter R. Thingholm ◽

Amanda Gaulke ◽

Tine M. Eriksen ◽

Jannet Svensson ◽

Niels Skipper

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

School Absenteeism ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Control Study

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Air pollutants and development of interstitial lung disease in patients with connective tissue disease: a population-based case–control study in Taiwan

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e041405

Author(s):

Hsin-Hua Chen ◽

You-Ming Yong ◽

Ching-Heng Lin ◽

Yi-Hsing Chen ◽

Der-Yuan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interstitial Lung Disease ◽

Connective Tissue ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the association between air pollutant exposure and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs).SettingA nationwide, population-based, matched case–control study in Taiwan.ParticipantsUsing the 1997–2013 Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified patients with newly diagnosed CTD during 2001–2013, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), dermatomyositis (DMtis)/polymyositis (PM) and primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatients with newly diagnosed ILD during 2012–2013 were identified as ILD cases, and selected patients with CTD without ILD matching (1:4) the CTD cases for CTD diagnosis, age, gender, disease duration and year of ILD diagnosis date were identified as non-ILD controls. Data of hourly level of air pollutants 1 year before the index date were obtained from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency. The association between ILD and air pollutant exposure was evaluated using logistic regression analysis shown as adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 505 newly diagnosed CTD-ILD patients, including 82 with SLE, 210 with RA, 47 with SSc, 44 with DMtis/PM and 122 with pSS. Ozone (O3) exposure (per 10 ppb) was associated with a decreased ILD risk in patients with CTD (aOR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.79) after adjusting for potential confounders.ConclusionsA previously unrecognised inverse correlation was found between O3 exposure and ILD in patients with RA and SSc. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms.

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Association between a history of periodontitis and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide, population-based, case–control study

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201593 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1206-1211 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Hsin-Hua Chen ◽

Nicole Huang ◽

Yi-Ming Chen ◽

Tzeng-Ji Chen ◽

Pesus Chou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Index Date ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Time Interval ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a history of periodontitis.MethodsThis nationwide, population-based, case–control study used administrative data to identify 13 779 newly diagnosed patients with RA (age ≥16 years) as the study group and 137 790 non-patients with RA matched for age, sex, and initial diagnosis date (index date) as controls. Using conditional logistic regression analysis after adjustment for potential confounders, including geographical region and a history of diabetes and Sjögren's syndrome, ORs with 95% CI were calculated to quantify the association between RA and periodontitis. To evaluate the effects of periodontitis severity and the lag time since the last periodontitis visit on RA development, ORs were calculated for subgroups of patients with periodontitis according to the number of visits, cumulative cost, periodontal surgery and time interval between the last periodontitis-related visit and the index date.ResultsAn association was found between a history of periodontitis and newly diagnosed RA (OR=1.16; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.21). The strength of this association remained statistically significant after adjustment for potential confounders (OR=1.16; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.20), and after variation of periodontitis definitions. The association was dose- and time-dependent and was strongest when the interval between the last periodontitis-related visit and the index date was <3 months (OR=1.64; 95% CI 1.49 to 1.79).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an association between periodontitis and incident RA. This association is weak and limited to lack of individual smoking status.

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Factors associated with risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide, population-based, case-control study

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease ◽

10.1177/1759720x211030809 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 1759720X2110308

Author(s):

Yen-Ju Chen ◽

Shih-Chia Liu ◽

Kuo-Lung Lai ◽

Kuo-Tung Tang ◽

Ching-Heng Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Objectives: To investigate factors associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We conducted a nationwide, population-based, case-control study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database for 2003–2013. From 2004 to 2012, we identified 108,319 newly diagnosed RA patients without previous MACEs, of whom 7,580 patients (7.0%) developed MACEs during follow-up. From these incident RA patients, we included 5,994 MACE cases and 1:4 matched 23,976 non-MACE controls for analysis. The associations of MACEs with comorbidities and use of anti-rheumatic medications within 1 year before the index date were examined using conditional logistic regression analyses. Results: Using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis, the risk of MACE in RA patients was associated with use of golimumab [odd’s ratio (OR), 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01-0.67], abatacept (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02–0.93), hydroxychloroquine (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.99), methotrexate (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.64–0.81), cyclosporin (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.07–1.91), nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs (NSAIDs) (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.27–1.46), antiplatelet agent (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 2.31-2.63), hypertension (without anti-hypertensive agents: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.12; with anti-hypertensive agents: OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.36-1.59), diabetes (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.37), hyperlipidemia without lipid-lowering agents (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01-1.17), ischemic heart disease (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.31), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.23) in the parsimonious model. The risk of MACE in RA patients also increased markedly in participants younger than 65 years with some comorbidities. Conclusions: This population-based case-control study revealed that the use of golimumab, abatacept, hydroxychloroquine, and methotrexate were associated with a decreased risk of MACE development in newly diagnosed RA patients, while the use of cyclosporin, NSAIDs, and antiplatelet agents, and comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia without lipid-lowering agent therapy, ischemic heart disease, and COPD, were associated with an increased risk of MACE development in RA patients.

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