GP263 Occurrence of clinical features and risk factors in culture positive early onset sepsis compared to no sepsis in neonates ≥35 weeks gestation

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 389 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Omprakash S. Shukla ◽

Aditi Rawat

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Blood Culture ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Culture Positive

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity, especially in very low birth weight neonates (birth weight <1499 grams) despite the progress in hygiene, introduction of new and potent antimicrobial agents for treatment and advanced measures for diagnosis. The aim of the study was to find correlation of clinical features and risk factors of neonatal sepsis in culture positive cases.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out in one hundred neonates with risk factors of septicemia after obtaining informed consent. Blood culture was done using Bactec Peds Plus/F Culture as a gold standard to diagnose septicaemia. Correlation of risk factors, clinical features with laboratory findings was obtained by using chi-square test. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Out of 100 neonates with suspected sepsis, BACTEC culture proven sepsis was seen in 40% cases. Gram negative sepsis was seen in 62.5% cases. The most common bacteria for early onset sepsis were Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and MRSA contributing 17% each to the bacteriological profile. The most common predisposing factor and clinical feature in culture positive cases were Premature rupture of membrane >24 hours (67%) and bleeding/petechia/pupura (72%) respectively. The major cause of mortality was pulmonary hemorrhage.Conclusions: Gram negative organism were more common and associated with higher mortality. Blood culture positivity increases with increase in number of risk factors in neonatal septicemia. A detailed history and thorough clinical examination is vital for early recognition of sepsis.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of compliance with the 2017 Canadian Paediatric Society Position Statement for the management of newborns at risk for early-onset sepsis: A retrospective cohort study

Paediatrics & Child Health ◽

10.1093/pch/pxaa042 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marina Simeonova ◽

Jolanta Piszczek ◽

Sannifer Hoi ◽

Curtis Harder ◽

Gustavo Pelligra

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

At Risk ◽

Early Onset ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Position Statement ◽

Paediatric Society ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Inappropriate Antibiotics ◽

Culture Positive

Abstract Introduction Due to the nonspecific clinical presentation, clinicians often empirically treat newborns at risk of early-onset sepsis (EOS). Recently, the Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) published updated recommendations that promote a more judicious approach to EOS management. Objective To examine the compliance with the CPS statement at a tertiary perinatal site and characterize the types of deviations. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted for all term and late pre-term newborns at risk for sepsis, between January 1 and June 30, 2018. The prevalence of newborns with EOS risk factors was measured during the first month. Management strategies for eligible newborns during the 6-month period were compared to the CPS recommendations to establish the rate of noncompliance. The type of noncompliance, readmission rate, and rate of culture-positive EOS were examined. Results In the first month, 29% (66 of 228) of newborns had EOS risk factors. Among the 100 newborns born in the 6-month period for whom the CPS recommendations apply, 47 (47%) received noncompliant management. Of those, 51% (N=24) had inappropriately initiated investigations, 17% (N=8) had inappropriate antibiotics, and 32% (N=15) had both. The rate of readmission for a septic workup was 1.6% (N= 2). None had culture-positive sepsis while admitted. Conclusion A large proportion of term and late preterm newborns (29%) had EOS risk factors, but none had culture-confirmed EOS. The rate of noncompliance with the CPS recommendations was high (47%), mainly due to overzealous management. Future initiatives should aim at increasing compliance, particularly in newborns at lower EOS risk.

Download Full-text

An observational study on clinical and bacteriological profile of new-borns with early onset sepsis

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20203975 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 1962

Author(s):

Mobin George Tharu ◽

Rati Santhakumar ◽

V. C. Manoj

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Culture ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Early Onset ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Vaginal Examination ◽

Bacteriological Profile ◽

Early Onset Sepsis

Background: Neonatal sepsis related mortality is preventable with timely recognition, rational antimicrobial therapy and aggressive supportive care. The objective of this study was to study the maternal and neonatal risk factors in new-borns with early onset sepsis and to ascertain commonest pathogen responsible.Methods: This study was done in the neonatal intensive care unit tertiary care hospital, Thrissur. Data collected after clinical examination and from the records of new-borns diagnosed with early onset sepsis were analyzed. All neonates suspected to have sepsis had a septic screen to corroborate the diagnosis. Blood culture was performed in all cases of suspected sepsis prior to starting antibiotics. The risk factors for sepsis, both maternal and neonatal were analysed. Their clinical features and bacteriological profile were studied. Data analysis was done using their mean±standard deviation (SD), percentage analysis, chi-square test or fischer’s test.Results: Fifty newborns with diagnosed early onset sepsis (EOS) were studied. Results suggest that maternal screening is prudent, interventions like vaginal examination were causative of sepsis than meconium stained liquor or prolonged rupture of membranes. A coincidental finding suggests that sepsis is more common in males and term babies. Blood culture showed predominant pathogen to be Klebsiella.Conclusions: Among the maternal factors, increased frequency of vaginal examination was most prevalent in the study group. Prematurity and asphyxia were not strong pre-runners for sepsis. EOS cases presenting with respiratory distress were 50%. Fever and tachycardia were the next common clinical features. The cases yielded blood culture positive were 20% and Klebsiella pneumonia (40%) was the commonest organism isolated.

Download Full-text

NEONATAL SEPSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS: STUDY IN AVBRH HOSPITAL SAWANGI

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v3i6.1215 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Pramod P. Singhavi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Late Onset ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Maternal Risk ◽

Late Onset Sepsis ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Introduction: India has the highest incidence of clinical sepsis i.e.17,000/ 1,00,000 live births. In Neonatal sepsis septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis and urinary tract infections can be included. Mortality in the neonatal period each year account for 41% (3.6 million) of all deaths in children under 5 years and most of these deaths occur in low income countries and about one million of these deaths are due to infectious causes including neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. In early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) Clinical features are non-specific and are inefficient for identifying neonates with early-onset sepsis. Culture results take up to 48 hours and may give false-positive or low-yield results because of the antenatal antibiotic exposure. Reviews of risk factors has been used globally to guide the development of management guidelines for neonatal sepsis, and it is similarly recommended that such evidence be used to inform guideline development for management of neonatal sepsis. Material and Methods: This study was carried out using institution based cross section study . The total number neonates admitted in the hospital in given study period was 644, of which 234 were diagnosed for neonatal sepsis by the treating pediatrician based on the signs and symptoms during admission. The data was collected: Sociodemographic characteristics; maternal information; and neonatal information for neonatal sepsis like neonatal age on admission, sex, gestational age, birth weight, crying immediately at birth, and resuscitation at birth. Results: Out of 644 neonates admitted 234 (36.34%) were diagnosed for neonatal sepsis by the paediatrician based on the signs and symptoms during admission. Of the 234 neonates, 189 (80.77%) infants were in the age range of 0 to 7 days (Early onset sepsis) while 45 (19.23%) were aged between 8 and 28 days (Late onset sepsis). Male to female ratio in our study was 53.8% and 46% respectively. Out of total 126 male neonates 91(72.2%) were having early onset sepsis while 35 (27.8%) were late onset type. Out of total 108 female neonates 89(82.4%) were having early onset sepsis while 19 (17.6%) were late onset type. Maternal risk factors were identified in 103(57.2%) of early onset sepsis cases while in late onset sepsis cases were 11(20.4%). Foul smelling liquor in early onset sepsis and in late onset sepsis was 10(5.56%) and 2 (3.70%) respectively. In early onset sepsis cases maternal UTI, Meconium stained amniotic fluid, Multipara and Premature rupture of membrane was seen in 21(11.67%), 19 (10.56%), 20(11.11%) and 33 (18.33%) cases respectively. In late onset sepsis cases maternal UTI, Meconium stained amniotic fluid, Multipara and Premature rupture of membrane was seen in 2 (3.70%), 1(1.85%), 3 (5.56%) and 3 (5.56%) cases respectively. Conclusion: Maternal risk identification may help in the early identification and empirical antibiotic treatment in neonatal sepsis and thus mortality and morbidity can be reduced.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Early Onset Sepsis, Complete Blood Count, and Antibiotic Use in Gastroschisis

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1607420 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (04) ◽

pp. 385-389

Author(s):

Sadie Williams ◽

Matthew Leonard ◽

Eric Hall ◽

Jose Perez ◽

Jacqueline Wessel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Onset ◽

Complete Blood Count ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Control Group ◽

Typically Develop ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Mature Neutrophil ◽

Reliable Marker ◽

Culture Positive

Objective Gastroschisis is a congenital defect in which the abdominal viscera herniate through the abdominal wall. In this population, antibiotics are often initiated immediately following delivery; however, this may be unnecessary as infections typically develop as a consequence of chronic issues in gastroschisis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of culture positive early onset sepsis, the reliability of the immature to mature neutrophil count (I:T) ratio as an infectious biomarker, and antibiotic use in infants with gastroschisis. Study Design This retrospective chart review analyzed clinical data from 103 infants with gastroschisis and 103 weight-matched controls that were evaluated for early onset infection. Results Compared with the control group, there was a significantly increased percentage of infants with an I:T ratio > 0.2 in the gastroschisis group (43% vs. 12%, p < 0.001) and an increased percentage of infants exposed to greater than 5 days of antibiotics regardless of their I:T ratio (75% vs. 6%, p < 0.001). There were no episodes of culture positive early onset sepsis in either group. Conclusion Our results indicate that I:T ratio is not a reliable marker of infection in gastroschisis, and suggest that empiric septic evaluation and antibiotic use, immediately following delivery in gastroschisis infants, may be unnecessary.

Download Full-text