Are multiple births at greater risk for RSV-related hospitalisation compared with singletons?

The results of studies of the reproductive ability of sows of different genotypes are given taking into account the polymorphism g.1426G> A of the MC4R gene, the factor of repeatability of characters is determined, and the economic efficiency of the research results is calculated. The experimental part of the research was carried out in the conditions of the «Druzhba-Kaznacheevka» LTD in Dnipropetrovsk region. The objects of research were sows of the Large White breed. It was determined that sows of the main herd, according to signs of reproductive ability, belong to class I and class elite. The experiment showed that sows of genotype AG exceeded their peers of others (GG and AA) in terms of “born piglets total, heads” by 1.6 and 0.7 heads, “Live piglets born (multiple births), heads - by 1 6 and 0.9 heads, “the mass of the litter at the time of birth, kg” - by 2.7 - 1.3 kg., “the mass of the litter at the time of weaning at the age of 28-35 days, kg” - by 5, 1 - 3.9 kg. The difference between animals of the indicated genotypes is: for large-foetus - 0.06-0.01 kg, the index "evenness of the sow’s litter in live weight of piglets at birth, points" - 1.05-1.84 points, index of N. D. Berezovsky - 3.75 -2.36 points. The index of the safety of piglets before weaning ranged from 84.4 to 93.0 %. It was proved that the minimum value of the index “evenness of the sow’s littar in live weight of piglets at the time of birth, points (7.76 ± 1,082 points) are characterized by sows of genotype AA, in which the rate of multiple pregnancy ranged from 8 to 14 pigs, and the value of the sign“ large-foetus, kg "equaled 1.37 kg. The repeatability coefficient for sows of the main herd and sows of the Large White breed of different genotypes for the melanocortin 4 (MC4R) receptor gene ranges from -0.916 ± 0.1418 (І-IV farrow, genotype - GG, sign - “piglet safety before weaning, %) to 0.978 ± 0.0738 (I-V farrow, genotype - GG, sign - “large foetus”, kg ”). The maximum value of the phenotypic consolidation coefficient was found in sows of genotype AA according to the following quantitative characteristics: “live piglets (multiple births), heads.”, “litter weight at the time of birth, kg”, “litter weight at weaning age of 28-35 days, kg "," the safety of piglets before weaning ,% ". The sows of the genotype GG belong to the unconsolidated group according to the signs of reproductive qualities. The use of sows of the genotype for the melanocortin 4 (MC4R) AG receptor gene provides additional products at the level of 5.15 %, and its cost is 165.41 UAH /head. Keywords: sow, breed, reproductive ability, MC4R gene, genotypic consolidation coefficient, variability, correlation, repeatability.

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The Incidence of Human Multiple Births

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/280305 ◽

1930 ◽

Vol 64 (691) ◽

pp. 142-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

William Walter Greulich

Keyword(s):

Multiple Births

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Familial Incidence of Multiple Births in a Colony of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Journal of Medical Primatology ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0684.1990.tb00453.x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 467-478

Author(s):

Thomas Geissmann

Keyword(s):

Pan Troglodytes ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Familial Incidence

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Management of Comprehensive Care of multiple-birth infants from fetal to infancy period: challenges, training, strategies

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02613-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tahereh Changiz ◽

Mahboobeh Namnabati

Keyword(s):

Care Management ◽

Optimal Growth ◽

Comprehensive Care ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Care Plan ◽

Phone Call ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

Discharge Process ◽

Health Providers ◽

Challenges And Strategies

Abstract Background Prematurity escalates the crisis of the infants a susceptible group of the society. Multiple delivery further intensifies the susceptibility of both family and health system. A comprehensive care is, thus, necessary to ensure the optimal growth and development of such multiple-births. Accompanied by trainings, challenges, and strategies, the present study was conducted based on a two-year report of comprehensive care management experience on two sets of multiple infants. Methods A qualitative case study approach was used to survey these two sets of premature infants (quadruplet and quintuplet) and their families. The data were collected through medical files, interviews, questionnaire, field presence, phone call and WhatsApp application, and continued follow-ups. Content analysis was performed based on survey and interventions during a period of two years in Isfahan, Iran (2018–2020). Results Case presentation and comprehensive care management are the main areas resulted from this study. The results of the study were categorized in eight challenging areas (categories) and strategies including sterility and infertility period, transition from the intrauterine to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), discharge process, physical and developmental status, home visit and home care, development of care plan, socio-economic support, and coronavirus nightmare. Conclusion Based on challenges and strategies during these two years, the situation of the multiple-birth infants and their families’ needs should be identified as the first prerequisites in an inter-professional approach and in collaboration with the health providers. Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Welfare Organization, and the charities were the parties involved with this process in our study. It was also found that developing a separate specific package of comprehensive care management plan for multiple-births is a necessity.

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MALFORMATIONS: INCIDENCE, AETIOLOGY, PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION WITH INFANTS OF MULTIPLE BIRTHS

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1980.tb134619.x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 49-50

Author(s):

John H. Drew

Keyword(s):

Multiple Births

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Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10473-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Duah Dwomoh

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Neonatal Death ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Ghana did not meet the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing child mortality by two-thirds and may not meet SDG (2030). There is a need to direct scarce resources to mitigate the impact of the most important risk factors influencing high neonatal deaths. This study applied both spatial and non-spatial regression models to explore the differential impact of environmental, maternal, and child associated risk factors on neonatal deaths in Ghana. Methods The study relied on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) conducted between 1998 and 2017 among 49,908 women of reproductive age and 31,367 children under five (GDHS-1998 = 3298, GDHS-2003 = 3844, GDHS-2008 = 2992, GDHS-2014 = 5884, GMHS-2017 = 15,349). Spatial Autoregressive Models that account for spatial autocorrelation in the data at the cluster-level and non-spatial statistical models with appropriate sampling weight adjustment were used to study factors associated with neonatal deaths, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Population density, multiple births, smaller household sizes, high parity, and low birth weight significantly increased the risk of neonatal deaths over the years. Among mothers who had multiple births, the risk of having neonatal deaths was approximately four times as high as the risk of neonatal deaths among mothers who had only single birth [aRR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63–7.17, p < 0.05]. Neonates who were perceived by their mothers to be small were at a higher risk of neonatal death compared to very large neonates [aRR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p < 0.05]. A unit increase in the number of children born to a woman of reproductive age was associated with a 49% increased risk in neonatal deaths [aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30–1.69, p < 0.05]. Conclusion Neonatal mortality in Ghana remains relatively high, and the factors that predisposed children to neonatal death were birth size that were perceived to be small, low birth weight, higher parity, and multiple births. Improving pregnant women’s nutritional patterns and providing special support to women who have multiple deliveries will reduce neonatal mortality in Ghana.

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MULTIPLE BIRTHS IN ANTHROPOID APES

Science ◽

10.1126/science.79.2054.430 ◽

1934 ◽

Vol 79 (2054) ◽

pp. 430-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. M. Yerkes

Keyword(s):

Multiple Births

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Computerization of a Permanent Twin Register: a Basic Tool in Scientific Research

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae ◽

10.1017/s112096230001492x ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 333-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Gedda ◽

M. Milani-Comparetti

Keyword(s):

International Cooperation ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Health Condition ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Data Card ◽

Tape Recording ◽

Basic Tool

SummaryThe Authors report on the steps involved in the computerization (coding of data, card punching and tape recording) of a Twin Register initiated in 1942 and currently approaching 11,000 cases of multiple births.The Register is permanent in that it involves continued updating of information and addition of new cases. It includes twins of any age, sex, zygosity and health condition.The experience gained in the reported project can be usefully shared in wiew of international cooperation and standardization.

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Twin Research, and its Multiple Births and Expressions: A Short, Personal Voyage Through its Scope, History,and Organization

Twin Research ◽

10.1375/twin.7.4.309 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 309-317

Author(s):

Paolo Parisi

Keyword(s):

Human Experience ◽

Significant Part ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Personal Memory ◽

Twin Research ◽

International Scope

AbstractThe notion of twins and twinning involves a multiplicity of meanings and contexts that altogether encompass an unexpectedly wide and significant part of human experience, culture, and endeavor. This cultural polysemy is, to some extent, also an attribute of twin research, which has structured itself around a multiplicity of scientific areas of enquiry, and across time, throughout a multiplicity of births and rebirths, periodically declining and resurging as a phoenix from its ashes. What is proposed is a short voyage through this polysemy and phoenixity of twinning and twin research, and through the structuring process that has accompanied its developments, international scope, and organization. No claim to completeness, but an attempt to dig into personal memory and experience, and share some recollections of the main steps of the process, and particularly the evolution of the journal, the society, the international meetings, and their role in supporting the area's persistence and continuous revivals and adaptations until today.

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