Spontaneous bladder rupture secondary to posterior urethral valves in a boy with Down syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e240857
Author(s):  
Massimo Garriboli ◽  
Shimaa Ibrahim ◽  
Joanna Clothier
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Suprapubic Catheter ◽  
Spontaneous Bladder Rupture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Incomplete Bladder Emptying

We describe a case of a 3-year-old boy with Down syndrome who developed a bladder rupture as a consequence of an undiagnosed posterior urethral valve (PUV). He had a history of urinary tract infections and constipation and was acutely admitted in poor condition and underwent laparotomy that revealed peritoneal sepsis secondary to bladder perforation. Bladder was drained using a suprapubic catheter and the condition of the boy gradually improved. Once stable, a cystourethroscopy confirmed the presence of PUV. Video-urodynamic studies performed at the check cystoscopy showed the bladder to be of reduced compliance (end fill pressure at 100 mL fill 30 cmH2O) with raised voiding pressures (76–100 cmH2O) and significant incomplete bladder emptying. Currently, the patient is doing very well, serum creatinine has normalised, he is infection-free and thriving; his bladder is managed with a vesicostomy.

scholarly journals Case: Spontaneous bladder rupture presenting as sudden-onset abdominal pain in a child after many years in remission from bladder rhabdomyosarcoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. E34-6
Author(s):  
Cyrus Chehroudi ◽  
Kourosh Afshar
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Spontaneous Bladder Rupture ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Bladder rupture in the absence of trauma (spontaneous bladder rupture) is a rare but life-threatening phenomenon, commonly associated with pelvic malignancy1,2 and postvaginal delivery.3 In children, case reports of spontaneous bladder rupture are most often idiopathic or associated with congenital genitourinary malformations (e.g., posterior urethral valve) and bladder augmentation surgery.4 Since bladder rupture often presents with acute abdominal pain, the diagnosis can be missed, leading to delayed treatment and poor outcomes. Here, we describe the second case in the literature, to our knowledge, of spontaneous bladder rupture in a pediatric patient with prior bladder rhabdomyosarcoma.

Clinical and Radiological Changes after use of Alpha-1 Blocker Therapy in Patients of Posterior Urethral Valve with Bladder Neck Hypertrophy

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Aejaz A Baba ◽  
Bajpai Minu
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Group 1

Background: We evaluated the effects of alpha-1 blocker therapy on clinical and radiological abnormalities in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy. Materials and Methods: A total of 74 patients with posterior urethral valves were seen at our department between 2003 and 2007. Out of these 24 had radiological evidence of bladder neck hypertrophy. Those patients with bladder neck hypertrophy who were seen before June 2006 and did not receive alpha-1 blocker (prazocin) therapy after valve ablation were assigned to group 1 (n=10). Group 2 consisted of 14 age matched patients with bladder neck hypertrophy and comparable prognostic factors who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation (n=14). Micturating cystourethrography (MCU) was done periodically and a novel method used to calculate bladder neck hypertrophy. Trends in symptoms and radiological changes were evaluated throughout follow-up. Results: Mean patient age at presentation was 3.02±2.68 years in group 1 and 3.12±3.4 years in group 2. Bladder neck hypertrophy decreased from 2.3±1.0 to 2.0±0.5 in a mean time of 52.0 (34-52) weeks in group 1 where as it decreased from 2.2±0.5 to 1.6±0.3 in a mean time of 32.0 (22-52) weeks. Symptomatically patients in group 2 who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation were better and had quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. Conclusions: Use of alpha-1 blocker therapy in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy helps in quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. J Med Sci 2009;12(1):3-7.

scholarly journals Congenital megalourethra and posterior urethral valve in a patient with Down syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (-1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Yavuz Onur Danacioglu ◽  
◽  
Muhammet Ihsan Karaman ◽  
Turhan Caskurlu ◽  
Mesrur Selcuk Silay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Congenital Megalourethra

scholarly journals Outcome of Cold Knife Incision Compared to Diathermy Fulguration in Posterior Urethral Valve

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Mohan Khadka ◽  
AKM Anwarul Islam ◽  
Isteaq Ahmed Shameem ◽  
ASM Shafiul Azam ◽  
Md Golam Mowla Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Cold Knife ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Posterior urethral valves are the most common cause of congenital obstructive lesion in the newborns and infant male child, occurring at the distal portion of the prostatic urethra. Diathermy fulguration of valve is one of the commonest modalities which has been practiced by Pediatric Urologist since decades where success rate ranging from 50-70%. Despite high success rate, post-operative complications like hematuria, urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence, retention of urine, residual valve and urethral stricture may develop in significant number of patients. Incision of the posterior urethral valve by cold knife is one of the modalities in the recent years with insignificant complications and good outcome with success rate ranging from 70-90%. Objective: To compare the efficacy of the cold knife with the diathermy fulguration in the management of the posterior urethral valve. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Urology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January 2017 till 1st September 2018. A total 48 patients, diagnosed as a case of PUV and who fulfill the selection criteria were divided randomly by simple lottery method into 2 groups consisting of 24 patients in each group. Valve ablation was performed under standard aseptic condition according to groups. Patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months of initial intervention. They were re-evaluated during the follow up with history, clinical examination and investigation findings. Their subjective outcome and objective findings were assessed and compared in between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the age distribution in between the groups (p= 0.083). Within the group, all the variable parameters were significantly improved prior and after the intervention. But, in between the groups, after 6 months of intervention, there was no difference in improvement of urinary flow(p=0.695). Incontinence of urine was not significant (p=1.000). The drop of mean serum creatinine level was not significant (p=0.530). Decrease in Mean PVR was not significant (p=0.684). Maximum flow rate was not significantly improved (p= 0.255). Peri catheter bleeding and residual valve were not significant. Stricture urethra was not found in any patient in both groups. Conclusion: Comparing the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that cold knife incision is equally effective in comparison to diathermy fulguration in the management of posterior urethral valve. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.118-127

scholarly journals A Case of Idiopathic Recurrent Spontaneous Bladder Rupture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Reid Bartholomew ◽  
Mentor Ahmeti
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Contrast Extravasation ◽  
Spontaneous Bladder Rupture ◽  
Ischemic Bowel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Stricture ◽  
Elevated Creatinine

Background. A female patient presented four years following spontaneous bladder rupture with a recurrent spontaneous bladder rupture. Summary. Urinary bladder rupture is a condition usually caused by trauma or surgical instrumentation. Spontaneous bladder rupture is a much more uncommon condition and is associated with intoxication, radiation, stricture, or neurogenic bladder. We describe a case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of three caesarian sections with an idiopathic recurrent spontaneous bladder rupture. Originally, she presented with one day of worsening severe abdominal pain. CT showed possible ischemic bowel. She was taken to the operating room (OR) and found to have a bladder rupture. This was repaired, and she did well postoperatively. Four years later, she presented to the emergency department (ED) with one week of worsening abdominal pain that became severe acutely. Given that she had a similar issue four years prior the patient was suspicious, her bladder was again ruptured. CT cystogram showed contrast extravasation into the peritoneum. The patient was taken urgently to the operating room for an open repair of the bladder rupture. She did well following the procedure. Conclusion. Spontaneous bladder rupture is a surgical emergency and should be in the differential diagnosis of any patient with peritonitis with elevated creatinine and free intraperitoneal fluid. This diagnosis should especially be considered if the patient has a history pelvic radiation, neurogenic bladder, or intoxication. We submit that a history of multiple pelvic surgeries should be included in this list. CT cystogram is the diagnostic test of choice. Operative repair is generally the treatment for this condition.

A rare clinical finding of posterior urethral valve: Recurrent epididymo-orchitis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Mollaoğlu ◽  
Sırma Mine Tilev ◽  
Okyav Bosnalı ◽  
Ayşenur Celayir
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Finding ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Urethral Valves ◽  
Urethral Valve

Recurrent epididymo-orchitis is a rare condition in children. Considering that obstructive infravesical pathologies, such as posterior urethral valves, may cause recurring epididymo-orchitis in children, a thorough examination of the genito-urinary system will prove essential for the diagnosis and treatment of the main pathology. We herein present a case of posterior urethral valve presenting with recurrent episodes of epididymo-orchitis.

Spontaneous bladder rupture secondary to posterior urethral valves in a neonate

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 881-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Arora ◽  
Anju Seth ◽  
Deepak Bagga ◽  
S. Aneja ◽  
V. Taluja
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Spontaneous Bladder Rupture ◽  
Urethral Valves

Emphysematous Cystitis and Pneumoperitoneum in a Dog with Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection and Hyperadrenocorticism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha K. Day ◽  
Erin T. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Emphysematous Cystitis ◽  
Abdominal Radiographs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT A 9 yr old male neutered Staffordshire bull terrier with a history of poorly controlled hyperadrenocorticism, urinary tract infections, and emphysematous cystitis (EC) was presented to a veterinary referral teaching hospital for vomiting. Abdominal radiographs revealed EC and a pneumoperitoneum. The urinary bladder was found to be intact based on ultrasound and a pre- and postiohexol contrast computed tomography study with retrograde contrast cystogram. Urine culture confirmed the presence of a recurrent Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. The patient was managed medically, primarily as an outpatient, and had complete resolution of all problems. This case represents an extremely rare form of EC with pneumoperitoneum, without evidence of concurrent urinary bladder rupture. Only six similar cases have been reported in humans, with no previous cases reported in veterinary medicine. This case demonstrated that surgery is not necessarily indicated in all cases of pneumoperitoneum. The patient remained alive at 2 mo follow-up, with no evidence of recurrence of EC.

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