scholarly journals Beneficial associations of low and large doses of leisure time physical activity with all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality: a national cohort study of 88,140 US adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (22) ◽  
pp. 1405-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Sreenivas P Veeranki ◽  
Shengxu Li ◽  
Lyn M Steffen ◽  
Bo Xi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality

BackgroundEvidence on the role of very low or very high volumes of leisure time physical activity (PA) on the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality is limited. We aimed to examine the associations of different levels of leisure time PA with the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer-specific mortality.MethodsData were from 12 waves of the National Health Interview Surveys (1997–2008) linked to the National Death Index records through 31 December 2011. A total of 88 140 eligible participants aged 40–85 years were included.ResultsCompared with inactive individuals, those performing 10–59 min/week of PA had 18% lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR): 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72–0.95). Those who reported 1–2 times (150–299 min/week) the recommended level of leisure time PA had 31% (HR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.63–0.75) reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Importantly, the continued benefits were observed among those performing leisure time PA 10 or more times (≥1500 min/week) the recommended minimum level (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.45–0.64). For 10–59, 150–299 and ≥1500 min/week of PA, the corresponding HRs (95% CIs) for CVD-specific mortality were 0.88 (0.67–1.17), 0.63 (0.52–0.78) and 0.67 (0.45–0.99), respectively: for cancer-specific mortality were 0.86 (0.66–1.11), 0.76 (0.64–0.89) and 0.53 (0.39–0.73), respectively. In addition, there was a larger reduction in all-cause and cause-specific mortality for vigorous vs. moderate intensity PA.ConclusionsWe found that beneficial association between leisure time PA and mortality starts from a low dose. Doing more vigorous exercise could lead to additional health benefits.

P0617LEISURE-TIME PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MORTALITY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (NHANES) 1999-2012

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanhui Zhang ◽  
Ran Luo ◽  
Yichun Cheng ◽  
Dan Chang ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Background and Aims For patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), evidence on the optimal dose of physical activity and possible harm with excessive exercise is limited. We aimed to analyze the dose-response association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and mortality among participants with CKD and explore the optimal dose or possible harm associated with increased levels of physical activity. Method Leisure-time physical activity was self-reported. Data from 4604 adults with chronic kidney disease and without missing data for LTPA and mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1999-2012 were analyzed in 2019. Mortality was from baseline until 31 December 2015 Results During the median follow-up of 114 months, 1449 (31%) all-cause deaths were recorded. Comparing with inactive groups, the multi-variable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 10-59, 60-149, 150-299, and 300-599 minutes/week of leisure-time physical activity for all-cause mortality were 0.71 (0.55-0.92), 0.78 (0.62-0.98), 0.79 (0.63-0.98), and 0.75 (0.57-0.99), respectively. The benefit appeared to reach a threshold of a 41% (HR,0.59; 95% CI, 0.41-0.84) lower risk of all-cause mortality among individuals reporting 600-1499 min/week for LTPA. And at ≥ 1500 min/week LTPA level, the HR and 95%CI were 0.66 (0.40-1.10). Conclusion LTPA was associated with reduced all-cause mortality in participants with CKD. We observed the optimal dose at the moderate-intensity LTPA level of approximately 600-1499 min/week and no longevity benefit at ≥1500 min/week.

Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Disability Retirement: A Prospective Cohort Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouni Lahti ◽  
Ossi Rahkonen ◽  
Eero Lahelma ◽  
Mikko Laaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Disability Retirement ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Reduced Risk

Background:To examine whether leisure-time physical activity is associated with all-cause disability retirement as well as disability retirement due to musculoskeletal and mental causes.Methods:The baseline data were collected by questionnaire surveys in 2000−2002 among 40- to 60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki. Disability retirement data were derived from the registry of the Finnish Centre for Pensions (maximum follow-up time 6.8 years). The analysis included 4920 women and 1355 men. Physical activity was converted to metabolic equivalent (MET) index. We classified the participants into 4 groups according to physical activity recommendations and according to the participation in vigorous intensity activities. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios.Results:Physical activity decreased the risk of all-cause disability retirement among both genders, however, women engaging in recommended volume of moderate-intensity activity only did not have reduced risk. Those engaging in vigorous activity with sufficient total volume had clearly reduced risk of disability retirement. The association was similar when examining disability retirement due to musculoskeletal and mental causes.Conclusion:For healthy middle-aged engaging in moderate-intensity physical activity additional vigorous exercise may be useful for maintaining musculoskeletal and mental health and thus lower the risk of subsequent disability retirement.

scholarly journals Leisure time and occupational physical activity, resting heart rate and mortality in the Arctic region of Norway: The Finnmark Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1636-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Hermansen ◽  
Bjarne K Jacobsen ◽  
Maja-Lisa Løchen ◽  
Bente Morseth
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Aims This study examined the association of leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and resting heart rate with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Sami and non-Sami populations. Study design This was a longitudinal, observational population-based study. Methods The Finnmark 3 study cohort was examined in 1987–1988 and followed for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality for 26 years. The cohort included 17,697 men and women with a mean age of 47.2 years at baseline. Leisure time physical activity and occupational physical activity were assessed with a validated questionnaire at baseline, whereas cause of death was obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Results A total of 1983 women and 3147 men died during follow-up. Leisure time physical activity was linearly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality, but not coronary heart disease mortality. Compared to inactive subjects, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced by 16% in the active leisure time physical activity group (hazard ratio 0.84; 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.92). Both for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, we observed a U-shaped relationship with occupational physical activity, as participants in the walking and lifting group had significantly lower mortality than both the mostly sedentary and the heavy manual labour group ( p < 0.05). An increase in resting heart rate by one beat per minute was associated with a 1.1% increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.011; 95% confidence interval 1.009–1.013). The associations were similar in Sami and non-Sami subjects. Conclusion In this population-based study, leisure time physical activity was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas resting heart rate was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. There was a U-shaped association between occupational physical activity and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.

scholarly journals The physical activity paradox in cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: the contemporary Copenhagen General Population Study with 104 046 adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 1499-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Holtermann ◽  
Peter Schnohr ◽  
Børge Grønne Nordestgaard ◽  
Jacob Louis Marott
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Aims  Leisure time physical activity associates with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, while these relationships for occupational physical activity are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that leisure time physical activity associates with reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality risk, while occupational physical activity associates with increased risks. Methods and results  We studied 104 046 women and men aged 20–100 years in the Copenhagen General Population Study with baseline measurements in 2003–2014 and median 10-year follow-up. Both leisure and occupational physical activity were based on self-report with four response categories. We observed 7913 (7.6%) MACE and 9846 (9.5%) deaths from all causes. Compared to low leisure time physical activity, multivariable adjusted (for lifestyle, health, living conditions, and socioeconomic factors) hazard ratios for MACE were 0.86 (0.78–0.96) for moderate, 0.77 (0.69–0.86) for high, and 0.85 (0.73–0.98) for very high activity; corresponding values for higher occupational physical activity were 1.04 (0.95–1.14), 1.15 (1.04–1.28), and 1.35 (1.14–1.59), respectively. For all-cause mortality, corresponding hazard ratios for higher leisure time physical activity were 0.74 (0.68–0.81), 0.59 (0.54–0.64), and 0.60 (0.52–0.69), and for higher occupational physical activity 1.06 (0.96–1.16), 1.13 (1.01–1.27), and 1.27 (1.05–1.54), respectively. Similar results were found within strata on lifestyle, health, living conditions, and socioeconomic factors, and when excluding individuals dying within the first 5 years of follow-up. Levels of the two domains of physical activity did not interact on risk of MACE (P = 0.40) or all-cause mortality (P = 0.31). Conclusion  Higher leisure time physical activity associates with reduced MACE and all-cause mortality risk, while higher occupational physical activity associates with increased risks, independent of each other.

scholarly journals Hormone replacement therapy in women with cancer and risk of cancer-specific mortality and cardiovascular disease: a protocol for a cohort study from Scotland and Wales

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Úna McMenamin ◽  
Blánaid Hicks ◽  
Carmel Hughes ◽  
Peter Murchie ◽  
Julia Hippisley-Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely used and has proven benefits for women with menopausal symptoms. An increasing number of women with cancer experience menopausal symptoms but the safety of HRT use in women with cancer is unclear. There are particular concerns that HRT could accelerate cancer progression in women with cancer, and also that HRT could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in such women. Therefore, our primary aim is to determine whether HRT use alters the risk of cancer-specific mortality in women with a range of common cancers. Our secondary objectives are to investigate whether HRT alters the risk of second cancers, cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and all-cause mortality. Methods The study will utilise independent population-based data from Wales using the SAIL databank and Scotland based upon the national Prescribing Information System. The study will include women newly diagnosed with common cancers from 2000 to 2016, identified from cancer registries. Women with breast cancers will be excluded. HRT will be ascertained using electronic prescribing in Wales or dispensing records in Scotland. The primary outcome will be time to cancer-specific mortality from national mortality records. Time-dependent cox regression models will be used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for cancer specific death in HRT users compared with non-users after cancer diagnosis after adjusting for relevant confounders, stratified by cancer site. Analysis will be repeated investigating the impact of HRT use immediately before cancer diagnosis. Secondary analyses will be conducted on the risk of second cancers, cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and all-cause mortality. Analyses will be conducted within each cohort and pooled across cohorts. Discussion Our study will provide evidence to inform guidance given to women diagnosed with cancer on the safety of HRT use and/or guide modifications to clinical practice.

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