Moderate alcohol intake is linked to lower risk of ischaemic stroke, study finds

Kras mutations are associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although tobacco smoking, pancreatitis, and obesity are known environmental risk factors for PDAC, the contribution of moderate alcohol intake to PDAC remains elusive. In the present study, we tested whether a combination of risk factors or moderate alcohol intake induces PDAC development in mice. Control Pdx1Cre and Pdx1Cre;LSL- KrasG12D mutant mice were fed a Western alcohol diet containing high levels of cholesterol and saturated fat, 3.5% alcohol, and lipopolysaccharide for 5 mo. In addition, mice were treated with cerulein, for induction of pancreatitis, and nicotine every month. Treatment with all of these risk factors promoted development of advanced pancreatic neoplasia and PDAC in the Pdx1Cre;LSL- KrasG12D mice but not in the control Pdx1Cre mice. Moderate alcohol intake or Western diet feeding also significantly promoted advanced neoplasia and PDAC development in Pdx1Cre;LSL- KrasG12D mice compared with mice fed a regular chow. Alcohol, but not Western diet, increased tumor development in the liver in the Pdx1Cre;LSL- KrasG12D mice, but its origin remained elusive due to leakiness of Pdx1Cre in hepatocytes. RNA-seq analysis revealed that alcohol feeding increases expression of markers for tumors ( Epcam, Krt19, Prom1, Wt1, and Wwtr1), stroma ( Dcn, Fn1, and Tnc), and cytokines ( Tgfb1 and Tnf) and decreases expression of Fgf21 and Il6 in the pancreatic tumor tissues. Immunostaining showed heterogeneous expression of nephronectin, S100 calcium-binding protein A6, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in pancreatic tumors surrounded by podoplanin-positive stromal cells. Our data indicate that moderate alcohol drinking is a risk factor for development of PDAC. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Heavy alcohol intake has been suspected to be a risk factor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in humans. However, the contribution of moderate alcohol intake to PDAC development remains elusive. In the present study, we experimentally show that moderate alcohol feeding significantly induces advanced stages of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia development and invasive PDAC in Pdx1Cre;LSL- KrasG12D mutant mice. Our data indicate that moderate alcohol drinking is a risk factor for PDAC.

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Moderate alcohol intake increases fibrosis progression in untreated patients with hepatitis C virus infection

Journal of Viral Hepatitis ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2893.2002.00356.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 235-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

J. Westin ◽

L. M. Lagging ◽

F. Spak ◽

N. Aires ◽

E. Svensson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Fibrosis Progression ◽

Moderate Alcohol Intake

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Low-to-Moderate Alcohol Intake and Health Status in Heart Failure Patients

Journal of Cardiac Failure ◽

10.1016/j.cardfail.2004.11.009 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 323-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Adam C. Salisbury ◽

John A. House ◽

Mark W. Conard ◽

Harlan M. Krumholz ◽

John A. Spertus

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Health Status ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Moderate Alcohol Intake

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Effect of ‘hand and foot acupuncture with twelve needles’ on hemiplegia patients with ‘qi deficiency and blood stasis’ syndrome in the convalescent stage of Ischaemic stroke: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05128-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wei-Hao Fang ◽

Gui-Ling Wang ◽

Qiang Liu ◽

Xiao Ding ◽

Zhen-Yao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischaemic Stroke ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Blood Stasis ◽

Blood Stasis Syndrome ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Link Type ◽

Stroke Study ◽

Group A ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Convalescent Stage

Abstract Background Hemiplegia is a common sequela after stroke, and acupuncture is one of the most common physical therapies used to treat hemiplegia during the recovery stage after ischaemic stroke. ‘Hand and foot acupuncture with twelve needles’ is an acupuncture treatment performed after stroke. The principal objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of ‘hand and foot acupuncture with twelve needles’ for hemiplegia in the convalescent stage of ischaemic stroke. Methods This is the protocol for a randomised, controlled clinical trial with two groups: a ‘hand and foot acupuncture with twelve needles’ group and a routine acupuncture group. A total of 208 participants will be randomly assigned to two different groups in a 1:1 ratio and will undergo conventional rehabilitation. Limb function will be evaluated by the simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, Barthel Index, modified Ashworth scale and National Institute of Health stroke scale. The participants will be evaluated at baseline (on the day of enrolment) and followed up at 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after enrolment. Discussion The results of this study will provide evidence on the effectiveness of ‘hand and foot acupuncture with twelve needles’ in the treatment of limb dysfunction that can be used for future evaluations. Trial registration Chictr.org.cnChiCTR1900021774. Registered on 8 March 2019

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Abstract P158: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Acute Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Risk of Cardiovascular Events

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.133.suppl_1.p158 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Mostofsky ◽

Harpreet S Chahal ◽

Kenneth J Mukamal ◽

Eric B Rimm ◽

Murray A Mittleman

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽

Consistent Finding ◽

Heavy Alcohol

Introduction: Although considerable research describes the cardiovascular effects of habitual moderate and heavy alcohol consumption, the acute risks following alcohol intake have not been well characterized. Based on its physiological effects, alcohol may have markedly different effects on acute and long-term risk. We assessed the hypothesis that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with an immediately higher risk of cardiovascular events that becomes protective after 24 hours, whereas heavy alcohol drinking is associated with higher cardiovascular risk both immediately and in the following days. Methods: We searched CINAHL, Embase, PubMed and PsycINFO from inception to March 12 2015, supplemented with manual screening for observational studies assessing the association between alcohol intake and cardiovascular events in the following hours and days. We calculated pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between alcohol intake and myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models to model any alcohol intake or dose-response relationships of alcohol intake and cardiovascular events. Results: Among 1056 citations and 37 full-text articles reviewed, 23 studies (29457 participants) were included. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with an acutely higher cardiovascular risk that was attenuated after 24 hours and even protective for MI and HS (≈2-4 drinks: RR=30% lower risk), and protective against IS within one week (≈6 drinks: RR=19% lower risk). In contrast, heavy alcohol drinking was associated with higher cardiovascular risk in the following day (≈6-9 drinks: RR=1.3-2.3) and week (≈19-30 drinks: RR=2.25-6.2). Conclusions: In conclusion, there appears to be a consistent finding of an acutely higher cardiovascular risk following any alcohol consumption but by 24 hours, only heavy alcohol intake conferred continued risk.

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