scholarly journals Comparing hormone therapy effects in two RCTs and two large observational studies that used similar methods for comprehensive data collection and outcome assessment

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e002556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Hartz ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Robert Wallace ◽  
John Powers
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Outcome Assessment ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Comprehensive Data

A Call to Standardize Definitions, Data Collection, and Outcome Assessment to Improve Care in Alcohol‐Related Liver Disease

Hepatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1038-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole T. Shen ◽  
Annaheta Salajegheh ◽  
Robert S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Outcome Assessment ◽  
Related Liver Disease

An Integrated Approach to Program Conceptualization, Curriculum Analysis, and Outcome Assessment

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Poulin ◽  
Paula Silver ◽  
Stephen Kauffman
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Assessment ◽  
Outcomes Assessment ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Curriculum Analysis ◽  
Study Report ◽  
Comprehensive Data ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Integrated Program

This article describes an integrated approach that can be used by BSW programs to conceptualize a program's mission, goals, and objective; conduct course and curriculum analyses; develop an integrated program of outcomes assessment; and prepare a comprehensive data-driven self-study report

scholarly journals Objek Wisata di Kabupaten Toba Samosir

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Agustono ◽  
Lila Pelita Hati ◽  
Fitriaty Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Historical Remains ◽  
Research Type

Kabupaten Toba Samosir memiliki banyak tinggalan arkeologi dan sejarah yang belum digali dan diteliti bahkan ada yang tidak diketahui oleh masyarakat luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendata tinggalan arkeologi dan sejarah yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai objek wisata. Penulisan penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang menjabarkan dengan detail permasalahan terkait serta menggunakan studi pustaka untuk mendapatkan bahan yang relevan dan berkaitan yang juga diperoleh melalui jurnal ilmiah maupun buku-buku. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan study observasi dengan mengamati secara langsung tinggalan-tinggalan sejarah dan arkeologi tersebut Hasil-hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa tinggalan arkeologi dan sejarah pada Kabupaten Toba Samosir tersebut dapat dimanfaatkannya untuk berbagai kepentingan, yang dapat memberikan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat setempat dan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) pada umumnya, dan Kabupaten Toba Samosir pada khususnya.   Toba Samosir Regency has many archeological and historical remains that have not been explored and researched and some are even unknown to the wider community. The purpose of this study is to record archeological and historical remains that can be used as tourist attractions. The writing of this research uses the historical method by using a descriptive analytical research type with a qualitative approach that describes in detail the related problems and uses literature studies to obtain relevant and related material which is also obtained through scientific journals and books. Data collection techniques using observational studies by directly observing the historical and archeological remains, the results of the discussion show that the archeological and historical relics in Toba Samosir Regency can be used for various purposes, which can provide prosperity for the local community and Own-Source Revenue (PAD) in general, and Toba Samosir Regency in particular.

scholarly journals Standardized Protocol Items Recommendations for Observational Studies (SPIROS) for Observational Study Protocol Reporting Guidelines: Protocol for a Delphi Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Mahajan ◽  
Sakib Burza ◽  
Lex M Bouter ◽  
Klaas Sijtsma ◽  
André Knottnerus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Delphi Survey ◽  
Reporting Guidelines ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Study Protocols

BACKGROUND Approximately 90% of currently published clinical and public health research is in the form of observational studies. Having a detailed and registered study protocol prior to data collection is important in any empirical study. Without this, there is no reliable way to assess the occurrence of publication bias, outcome reporting bias, and other protocol deviations. However, there is currently no solid guidance available on the information that a protocol for an observational study should contain. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to formulate the Standardized Protocol Items Recommendations for Observational Studies (SPIROS) reporting guidelines, which focus on 3 main study designs of analytical epidemiology: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. METHODS A scoping review of published protocol papers of observational studies in epidemiology will identify candidate items for the SPIROS reporting guidelines. The list of items will be extended with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist items and recommendations from the SPIROS steering committee. This long list serves as the basis for a 2-round Delphi survey among experts to obtain consensus on which items to include. Each candidate item from the long list will be rated on a 5-point Likert scale to assess relevance for inclusion in the SPIROS reporting guidelines. Following the Delphi survey, an expert-driven consensus workshop will be convened to finalize the reporting guidelines. RESULTS A scoping review of published observational study protocols has been completed, with 59 candidate items identified for inclusion into the Delphi survey, itself launched in early 2020. CONCLUSIONS This project aims to improve the timeliness, completeness, and clarity of study protocols of observational studies in analytical epidemiology by producing expert-based recommendations of items to be addressed. These reporting guidelines will facilitate and encourage researchers to prepare and register study protocols of sufficient quality prior to data collection in order to improve the transparency, reproducibility, and quality of observational studies. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/17864

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of effects of menopausal hormone therapy on cardiovascular diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Eun Kim ◽  
Jae-Hyuck Chang ◽  
Min-Ji Jeong ◽  
Jaesung Choi ◽  
JooYong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Timing Of Initiation

AbstractA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies was conducted to assess the association between menopausal hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published from 2000 to 2019, using review methods based on a previous Cochrane review. Quality assessment of RCTs and observational studies was conducted using the Jadad scale and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, respectively. A total of 26 RCTs and 47 observational studies were identified. The study populations in the RCTs were older and had more underlying diseases than those in the observational studies. Increased risks of venous thromboembolism [summary estimate (SE), 95% confidence interval (CI): RCTs, 1.70, 1.33–2.16; observational studies, 1.32, 1.13–1.54] were consistently identified in both study types, whereas an increased risk of stroke in RCTs (SE: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.25) and a decreased risk of myocardial infarction in observational studies (SE: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.75–0.84) were observed. Differential clinical effects depending on timing of initiation, underlying disease, regimen type, and route of administration were identified through subgroup analyses. These findings suggest that underlying disease and timing of initiation should be carefully considered before starting therapy in postmenopausal women.

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