scholarly journals A population-based cross-sectional study of barriers to uptake of eye care services in South India: the Rapid Assessment of Visual Impairment (RAVI) project

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e005125-e005125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marmamula ◽  
R. C. Khanna ◽  
K. Shekhar ◽  
G. N. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
South India ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services

scholarly journals Utilisation of public eye care services by the rural community residents in the Capricorn district, Limpopo Province, South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mologadi D. Ntsoane ◽  
Olalekan A. Oduntan ◽  
Benjamin L. Mpolokeng
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Government

Background: Visual impairment and blindness are major health problems worldwide, especially in the rural and remote areas of developing countries. Utilisation of eye care services is essential to reduce the burden of visual impairment and blindness, and it is therefore important that it is monitored.Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the level of utilisation of public eye care services and factors that might have influenced their usage in rural communities, Capricorn district, Limpopo Province, South Africa.Method: A population-based cross-sectional study design was used. Participants were residents in selected rural villages located within approximately 5 km of six Government hospitals. Following ethical approval and receipt of informed consent, a questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions was used to collect information on the utilisation of eye care services and factors that might influence utilisation. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chisquare test were used to analyse and compare the data.Results: Many (62.7%) of the respondents had used the government eye care services in the past. Over fifty-nine per cent (59.3%) of them were satisfied with the services. Factors reported to influence utilisation (such as monthly income, knowledge of available services and the need for regular eye tests) were positively associated with utilisation of eye care services in this study (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Utilisation of eye care services was relatively good, but varied significantly between sites. An awareness campaign by government and non-governmental organisations about eye care services may increase utilisation amongst rural communities.

scholarly journals Prevalence and service assessment of cataract in Tibetan areas of Sichuan Province, China: population-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danba Jiachu ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Li Luo ◽  
Hong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Better Than

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of visual impairment (VI) and blindness (BL) due to cataract and cataract surgical outcomes in remote dispersed and high-altitude Tibetan areas of China.Design and settingA cross-sectional study was conducted among people aged 50 and above in Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Kandze (TAPK), China, in 2017. The Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness protocol was followed.ParticipantsOf 5000 eligible participants, 4764 were examined (response rate 95.3%).Primary and secondary outcome measuresCataract VI was defined as lens opacity at visual acuity (VA) levels of <3/60 (Blindness (BL)), ≥3/60 and <6/60 (severe visual impairment (SVI)), ≥6/60 and <6/18 (moderate visual impairment (MVI)), ≥6/18 and <6/12 (early visual impairment (EVI)).ResultsThe estimated prevalence of cataract BL was 0.61% (95% CI 0.42 to 0.87). With best corrected VA, the estimated prevalence of SVI from cataract was 0.86% (95% CI 0.63 to 1.17); MVI was 2.39% (95% CI 2.00 to 2.87) and EVI was 5.21% (95% CI 4.61 to 5.87). Women in TAPK had a significantly higher prevalence of cataract BL (0.82%, 95% CI 0.54 to 2.15) than men (0.34%, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.70). Women had lower cataract surgical coverage (CSC) by eyes (60.8%, 95% CI 55.5 to 65.8) compared with men (70.1%; 95% CI 63.7 to 75.7). The prevalence of cataract BL was higher among Tibetan (2.28%; 95% CI 1.98 to 2.62) than Han Chinese (1.01%%; 95% CI 0.54% to 1.87%). Overall CSC by person with BL (by better eye) was 82.0% (95% CI 75.2 to 87.6). Among cataract-operated participants, 71.2% had VA equal to or better than 6/18.ConclusionsThe study detected a low prevalence of VI and BL due to cataract with high CSC in the study area compared with many other places in China. Further actions should be taken to improve cataract surgical outcome.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in the South Indian state of Telangana: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Marmamula ◽  
Rohit C Khanna ◽  
Shashank Yellapragada ◽  
Rajesh Challa ◽  
Javed Mohd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Indian State ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesTo investigate the temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment (VI) in South India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional studies conducted during the years 2011–2012 and 2017 using identical study methods and in geographical locations are compared. The L V Prasad Eye Institute established services in Khammam and not in Warangal district after the 2011–2012 study.SettingKhammam and Warangal districts in Telangana, India.ParticipantsIn total, 5357 participants aged ≥40 years were examined from two districts in the 2011–2012 study and 4923 participants were examined in the 2017 study.Main outcome measuresAge-adjusted and gender-adjusted temporal trends in the prevalence and causes of VI.Blindness and moderate VI (MVI) were defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/60 and 6/18–6/60 in the better eye, respectively. VI included MVI and blindness.ResultsNearly 2500 participants were examined in each location in both the 2011–2012 and 2017 studies. In Khammam district, overall VI declined by 2.5% from 15.5% to 13.0% (p<0.001). While there was no significant change in MVI (p=0.566), blindness declined by 3.0% from 5.4% to 2.4% (p<0.001). In Warangal district, the overall VI remained unchanged (p=0.60). While MVI increased by 3% from 9.3% to 12.3% (p=0.001), blindness declined by 3.5% from 6.5% to 3.0% (p<0.001). While MVI due to cataract increased in both districts, there was a significant decline in MVI due to refractive errors in Khammam.ConclusionThere was a significant decline in VI in Khammam district but not in Warangal district. The differential trends in prevalence and causes of VI can be explained by the availability and uptake of eye care services in these two districts.

Characteristics of care management agencies affect expenditure on home help and day care services: A population-based cross-sectional study in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 2224-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Feng ◽  
Ayumi Igarashi ◽  
Maiko Noguchi-Watanabe ◽  
Satoru Yoshie ◽  
Katsuya Iijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home Help

scholarly journals Prevalence of serious eye disease and visual impairment in a north London population: population based, cross sectional study

BMJ ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 316 (7145) ◽  
pp. 1643-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Reidy ◽  
D C Minassian ◽  
G Vafidis ◽  
J Joseph ◽  
S Farrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North London

scholarly journals Refractive errors and visual impairment among children and adolescents in southernmost China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Peng ◽  
Ling Gao ◽  
Yunyan Zheng ◽  
Yanan Dai ◽  
Qing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Refractive errors and visual impairment in southernmost China have not been reported previously. We aim to investigate and determine the age-specific prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and visual impairment based on a large population cross-sectional study in Hainan area of southernmost tropical province in China. Methods A population-based sample of 31,524 children aged 6–15 years from Hainan was assessed. Non-cycloplegic autorefraction and visual acuity (VA) analyses were performed on all participants and a subgroup of participants undergoing cycloplegia. Results Of all participants, 23.0% presented uncorrected VA (UCVA) was worse than 20/40 in worse eye, 6.0% presented mild presenting visual acuity impairment (PVAI), 7.0% presented moderate PVAI, 0.2% presented severe PVAI in the better eye, and 46.9% presented abnormal UCVA [worse than 20/25 (≥ 6, < 8 years old) and worse than 20/20 (≥ 8 years and older)] at least in one eye. The overall prevalence of myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) ≤  − 0.50 D] and high myopia (SE ≤  − 6.00 D) were 46.0%, 1.0% respectively. Hyperopia [SE ≥  + 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and SE ≥  + 2.00 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] and significant hyperopia (SE ≥  + 3.00 D) were 4.2 and 0.6%, respectively. Astigmatism [cylinder ≥ 1.00 D (≥ 7 years old) and ≥ 1.75 D (≥ 6, < 7 years old)] was found in 31.9%. Conclusions Myopia was the most common refractive error in southernmost province in China (Hainan). Its prevalence increased with age, while hyperopia prevalence showed a decreasing trend. However, myopia, especially high myopia prevalence was much lower than in other urban regions across China.

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