scholarly journals The association between combined oral contraceptive use and overweight/obesity: a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039229
Author(s):  
Melese Linger Endalifer ◽  
Gedefaw Diress ◽  
Amanuel Addisu ◽  
Bedilu Linger
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
The Body ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to assess the association between combined oral contraceptive (OC) use and overweight/obesity among Ethiopian adult women of reproductive age.Design, setting and participantsThe data were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey; these data were collected from nine regions and two city administrations. We analysed the data from a total of 11 018 women aged 18–49 years who met eligibility criteria.Main outcome measuresWe employed WHO criteria to classify the body mass index of women. Specifically we tested the association between combined OC utilisation with overweight/obesity after controlling for confounding variables.ResultThe prevalence of combined OC utilisation was 1.7% and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 8.6% among adult women of reproductive age. Use of combined OC increases the odds of overweight/obesity by two times among adult women of reproductive age after controlling for potential confounders (adjusted OR=1.902 (1.064–3.399)).ConclusionIn conclusion there is significant association between combined OC use and overweight/obesity. The findings have important implications for policymakers to design evidence based policy approachs to obesity prevention for women and at large for government to recognise the negative consequences of combined OC on women health.

Effect of combined oral contraceptive containing 17β—estradiol on female sexual function, depression and quality of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
R. I. GABIDULLINA ◽  
◽  
E. I. GALIMYANOVA ◽  
V. I. EREMKINA ◽  
A. M. SHARAPOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Function Index ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Severity Of Depression

The purpose — to evaluate the effect of combined oral contraceptive containing 17β-estradiol on sexuality, severity of depression and quality of life in women of reproductive age. Material and methods. The study involved 53 women in need of contraception aged 18 to 50 years. For the contraceptive purpose women used COC containing 1,5 mg of 17 β -estradiol (E2) and 2,5 mg of nomegestrol acetate (NOMAC) (E2/NOMAC). The questionnaires used in the study are: Female Sexuality Function Index (FSFI-6), Beck Depression Inventory, SF-36 — for evaluating Health-Related Quality of Life. The survey was conducted before and after six months of E2/NOMAC intake; the correlations between the studied parameters and the level of sex hormones in patient’s blood sample were determined. Results. The intake of E2/NOMAC for 6 months did not have negative effect on Female Sexuality Function Index. At the same time, a statistically significant improvement up to 5 points was revealed in such parameters as sexual satisfaction (p = 0,03) and lubrication (p < 0,001). There was a significant decrease in the frequency and severity of depression measured by the Beck Depression Inventory. The Short Form-36 Health Survey revealed a tendency to improve the physical and mental health components of the quality of life (p> 0,05). The change in total testosterone level had a moderate negative relationship with the change in Female Sexuality Function Index (r = — 0,32; p = 0,02). Conclusion. The intake of combined oral contraceptive containing 17β-estradiol for 6 months was associated with no adverse impact on female sexuality and quality of life in women of reproductive age, and reduced the levels of frequency and severity of depression.

scholarly journals Determinants for Choice of Home Birth over Health Facility Birth among Women of Reproductive Age in Tanzania: An Analysis of Data from the 2015-16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Vincent Moshi ◽  
Christopher H. Mbotwa
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Home Childbirth ◽  
Malaria Indicator Survey ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Antenatal Visits

Abstract Background While evidence has shown an association between place of childbirth and birth outcomes, still factors contributing to the choice of home childbirth have not been adequately investigated. Childbirth assisted by unskilled birth attendants has been cited as a contributing factor for the high maternal and neonatal mortalities in low resources countries. This study aimed at determining determinants of preference for home childbirth assisted by unskilled attendants in Tanzania Method The study used the 2015-16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey (2015-16 TDHS-MIS) dataset. A total of 2286 women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who had childbirth within one year preceding the survey were included in the analysis. Both univariate and multivariable regression analysis was used to determine predictors for home-based childbirth. Results A total of 805(35.2%) of women had home childbirth assisted by unskilled providers. After adjusting for confounders, the determinants of preference for home childbirth were the level of education (primary education, AOR=0.666; p=0.001; secondary and higher education, AOR=0.417; p<0.001); not owning mobile phone, AOR= 1.312; p=0.018; parity (parity 2-4, AOR=1.594; p=0.004; Parity 5 and above, AOR=2.158; p<0.001); inadequate antenatal visits, AOR=1.406; p=0.001; wealth index (poorest, AOR=9.395; p<0.001; poorer, AOR=7.701; p<0.001; middle, AOR=5.961; p<0.001; richer, AOR=2.557; p<0.001) and Zones (Southern Highlands, AOR=0.189; p<0.001; Southern, AOR=0.225; p<0.001; Zanzibar, AOR=2.55; p<0.001). Conclusion There are large proportions of women who use home childbirth assisted by unskilled birth attendant’s mainly traditional birth attendants (TBA). Predictors for home-based childbirth were being illiterate women, poor access to communication, inadequate antenatal visits, low socio-economic status and those from Zanzibar. Innovative strategies targeting these groups are highly needed to increase the use of health facilities for childbirth and hence reduce maternal and neonatal mortalities in Tanzania.

scholarly journals Four out of ten married women utilized modern contraceptive method in Ethiopia: A Multilevel analysis of the 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262431
Author(s):  
Sewunet Sako Shagaro ◽  
Teshale Fikadu Gebabo ◽  
Be’emnet Tekabe Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive Method ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization

Background Modern contraceptive method is a product or medical procedure that interferes with reproduction from acts of sexual intercourse. Globally in 2019, 44% of women of reproductive age were using a modern method of contraception but it was 29% in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the main aim of this analysis was to assess the prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among married women in Ethiopia. Method The current study used the 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey dataset. Both descriptive and multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis were done using STATA version 14. A p-value of less than 0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were used to report statistically significant factors with modern contraceptive utilization. Result The overall modern contraceptive utilization among married women in Ethiopia was 38.7% (95% CI: 37.3% to 40.0%). Among the modern contraceptive methods, injectables were the most widely utilized modern contraceptive method (22.82%) followed by implants (9.65%) and pills (2.71%). Maternal age, educational level, wealth index, number of living children, number of births in the last three years, number of under 5 children in the household, religion, and geographic region were independent predictors of modern contraceptive utilization. Conclusion In the current study only four out of ten married non-pregnant women of reproductive age utilized modern contraceptive methods. Furthermore, the study has identified both individual and community-level factors that can affect the utilization of modern contraceptive methods by married women in the country. Therefore, concerned bodies need to improve access to reproductive health services, empower women through community-based approaches, and minimize region wise discrepancy to optimize the utilization.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Anemia Among Women of Reproductive Age: Case of 2014 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 425-437
Author(s):  
Faustin Habyarimana ◽  
Temesgen Zewotir ◽  
Shaun Ramroop
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Survey Data

Background:Anemia is an important public health problem affecting all age groups of the population. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with anemia among women of childbearing age in Rwanda and map their spatial variation.Methods:The 2014/15 Rwanda Demographic and Health survey data was used and the structured logistic regression model was fitted to the data, where fixed effects were modeled parametrically, non-linear effects were modeled non-parametrically using second order random walk priors and spatial effects were modeled using Markov Random field priors.Results:The prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women of reproductive age was 18.9%. Women from the households which use water from the unprotected well had a higher risk of having anemia than a woman from the household where they use water piped into dwelling or yard. The risk of anemia was higher among underweight women and women living in households without toilet facilities. The anemia was less pronounced among the women using contraception, literate women, women from the households which use a bed net and living in rich households.Conclusion:The findings from this study highlighted the districts with the highest number of anemic women and this can help the policymakers and other public health institutions to design a specific programme targeting these districts in order to improve the health status and living conditions of these women. The findings also suggest an improvement of toilet facilities, bed net use and source of drinking water in affected households.

scholarly journals Factors associated with blood pressure check-up during pregnancy among women of reproductive age in Tanzania: an analysis of data from 2015—16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola V. Moshi ◽  
Maximilian Tungaraza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy (HDP) is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity amongst pregnant women in the world. Blood pressure check-ups during pregnancy are one of the strategies used to identify hypertensive disorders, hence timely management. Little is known about the factors associated with blood pressure check-ups in Tanzania. Method The study used data from 2015—16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey (2015—16 TDHS—MIS). A total of 6924 women of active reproductive age from 15 to 49 were included in the analysis. Both univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine the association between early antenatal booking and maternal services utilization. Results The prevalence of blood pressure checkups during pregnancy was 72.17% at 95% confidence interval of 71.1–73.2%. Factors associated with uptake of blood pressure check-ups were; timely antenatal booking, AOR = 1.496, CI = 1.297–1.726, p < 0.001, late booking was a reference population, age group [> 34 years, (AOR = 1.518, CI = 1.149–2.006, p = 0.003)] with < 20 years used as a reference population, wealth index [middle income, (AOR = 1.215, CI = 1.053–1.468, p = 0.008) and rich, (AOR = 2.270, CI = 1.907–2.702, p < 0.001)] reference population being poor; education level [primary education, (AOR = 1.275, CI = 1.107–1.468, p = 0.001); secondary education, (AOR = 2.163, CI = 1.688–2.774, p < 0.001) and higher education, (AOR = 9.929, CI = 1.355–72.76, p = 0.024)] reference population being no formal education; parity [para 2–4, (AOR = 1.190, CI = 1.003–1.412, p = 0.046) with para one used as a reference population and zones [Unguja Island, (AOR = 3.934, CI = 1.568–9.871, p = 0.004), Pemba Island, (AOR = 5.308, CI = 1.808–15.58, p = 0.002)] and Mainland Urban being the reference population. Conclusion The study revealed that rural dwelling pregnant women had higher chance of not getting their BP checked. It was also revealed that maternal age, education level, place of residence, wealth index and timing of ANC services were significantly associated with blood pressure check-ups. The study recommends the need to explore significant factors associated with utilization of available free reproductive health services across all public health facilities. It also recommends the need to address prioritized intensive awareness programs and behavioral change interventions on the significance of BP check-ups among pregnant women of reproductive age.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Early Antenatal Booking Among Women of Reproductive Age in Tanzania: An Analysis of Data from the 2015-16 Tanzania HIV and Malaria Indicators Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Vincent Moshi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Antenatal Visits

Abstract Background: Early initiation of the antenatal clinic is vital as it allows early detection, management, and prevention of problems that may occur during pregnancy time. The aim of the analysis was to determine the prevalence and predictors of early antenatal booking among women of reproductive age in Tanzania. Method: The study used data from the 2015-16 Tanzania HIV Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey (2015-16 TDHS-MIS). A total of 6924 women of active reproductive age from 15 to 49 were included in the analysis. Both univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine predictors of early antenatal booking.Results: Only 1586(22.9%) of pregnant women had early antenatal booking. After adjusted for the confounders, the predictors of early antenatal booking were age of a woman (20 to 34 years, AOR=1.554 at 95% CI=1.213-1.993, and more than 34 years, AOR=1.758 at 95% CI=1.306-2.368); wealth status (rich, AOR=1.520 at 95% CI=1.282-1.802); education level (higher education, AOR= 2.355 at 95% CI=1.36-4.079); parity (Para 2 to 3,AOR=0.85 at 95% CI=0.727-0.994 and Para 5+, AOR=0.577 at 95%CI=0.465-0.715); zones (Unguja, AOR=0.433 at 95% CI =0.284-0.658 and Pemba, AOR=0.392 at 95% CI = 0.236-0.649). Conclusion: Early antenatal booking in Tanzania is extremely low. Women were more likely to initiate antenatal visits within the first 12 weeks are those from well-off families, those with higher education, primiparity women, and those from Tanzania mainland urban. The innovative interventional study is highly recommended in order to come up with an effective strategy to improve timing for antenatal bookingPlain English: Early antenatal booking is when a pregnant woman initiates antenatal visit for a checkup within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. The study is about finding the percentage of women of reproductive age in Tanzania who made antenatal visits within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Early antenatal booking is beneficial to both pregnant women and unborn children. It is so because early visit does offer an opportunity for early detection of complications and prevention of complications. The study also aimed to determine predictors of early antenatal booking in Tanzania. After review of literature socio-demographic characteristics of a woman were used to assess their influence on early antenatal booking. These characteristics were; the age of a woman, education status, wealth index, place of residence, marital status, working status, and zones within Tanzania. Also, the obstetric characteristic of a woman was used to assess its influence on early antenatal booking. In this characteristic, a parity of woman was used. The perception towards early antenatal booking was also included as a variable to assess its influence on early antenatal booking. The Tanzania demographic and health survey 2015-16 data set was used to develop this manuscript. This study is of significance to both researches and policymakers. To researchers, the finding can guide the development of an intervention study or a program targeting to improve timing for antenatal visits. To policymakers, the finding can be used to guide the national guidelines for antenatal visits. It is quite clear that Tanzania is among the countries which offer folic acid supplement during the antenatal sessions. The supplement will be beneficial if it started to be given during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.

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