scholarly journals Is sarcopenia associated with anxiety symptoms and disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e054125
Author(s):  
Emma C West ◽  
Lana J Williams ◽  
Kayla B Corney ◽  
Julie A Pasco
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function

IntroductionSarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder characterised by a progressive decline in muscle mass and function (strength and performance). Sarcopenia is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes and has recently been linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders, including dementia and depression. Whether sarcopenia is related to other common psychiatric illnesses, such as anxiety, is unclear. We aim to systematically identify and review the extant literature regarding the association between sarcopenia and anxiety symptomatology and/or disorders (anxiety) in adults.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic search across four online databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE Complete and PsycINFO) from inception to September 2021. Two reviewers will independently confirm study selection and assess methodological quality of included studies. If possible, a meta-analysis will be performed to determine pooled OR for the relationship between sarcopenia and anxiety. If meta-analysis is not possible due to methodological heterogeneity a ‘best evidence synthesis’ will be performed.Ethics and disseminationThis review will use published data only, thus, ethical approval will not be required. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020209420.

scholarly journals Global epidemiology of acute generalised peritonitis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e034326
Author(s):  
Joel Noutakdie Tochie ◽  
Ndip Valirie Agbor ◽  
Tianyi Tianyi Frank Leonel ◽  
Aime Mbonda ◽  
Desmond Aji Abang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number

IntroductionGlobally, acute generalised peritonitis (AGP) is a common medical and surgical emergency which is a major contributor to non-trauma deaths despite improvements in diagnosis and surgical and intensive care management. In order to determine the global burden of AGP, geared at tailoring key interventions to curb its morbidity and mortality, we proposed this first ever systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the contemporary prevalence, and to determine the most frequent AGP and the case fatality rate of AGP, at the global scene.Methods and analysisWe intend to searchAfricanJournalsOnline, Americana em Ciências da Saúde, Citation index, EMBASE, Global Index Medicus, Literatura Latino Africa Index Medicus, Medline and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases from 1 January 2009 to 31 July 2019 to identify studies that reported the prevalence, types of AGP, and case fatality rate of AGP in the global population without any language restrictions. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted independently at each level by a pair of independent investigators. Random-effects meta-analysis will be used to pool studies judged to be clinically homogeneous. The presence of heterogeneity will be evaluated using the χ² test on Cochrane’s Q statistic and quantified with the I² statistics. Publication bias will be evaluated statistically and visually using the Egger’s test and funnel plots, respectively. Findings will be reported and compared by countries, WHO regions and globally.Ethics and disseminationSince this study will be based on published data, it does will not require an ethical approval. The findings will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. They will also be presented at scientific conferences and to relevant public health actors.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019143331.

scholarly journals Use of tracking technology to examine life-space mobility among people with depression: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e034208
Author(s):  
Man Hon Chung ◽  
Sau Fong Leung ◽  
Maritta Välimäki
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Electronic Data Collection ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPeople with depression often experience disabilities that limit their social and physical capacity, daily function, and quality of life. Depressive symptoms and their implications on daily activities are often measured retrospectively using subjective measurement tools. Recently, more objective and accurate electronic data collection methods have been used to describe the daily life of people with depressive disorders. The results, however, have not yet been systematically reviewed. We aim to provide a knowledge basis for the use of tracking technologies in examining life-space mobility among adults with depression and those with anxiety as a comorbidity.Methods and analysisA systematic review with a narrative approach for different types of study design will be conducted. The following databases will be used to gather data from 1994 to the present: MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Health Technology Assessment Database and IEEE Xplore. The study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Methodological appraisal of studies will be performed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool as well as the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomised controlled trials. A narrative synthesis of all included studies will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationBecause there will be no human involvement in the actual systematic review, no ethical approval will be required. The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and in a conference presentation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019127102.

scholarly journals Outcomes of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in Africa: systematic review study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e040921
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Musa ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
Mahmoud Werfalli ◽  
Mushi Matjila ◽  
Shane A Norris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Metabolic Complication ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
In Pregnancy

IntroductionThe prevalence of diabetes mellitus globally has increased considerably over the past decades with a resultant increase in the incidence of diabetes-complicated pregnancies. Hyperglycaemia in pregnancy is the most common metabolic complication encountered during pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This systematic review aims to examine maternal, fetal, neonatal, childhood and long-term maternal outcomes of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy in Africa.Methods and analysisA systematic review of all studies that investigated hyperglycaemia in pregnancy outcomes, carried out in Africa from 1998 to 2019. A comprehensive search of all published articles indexed in PubMed-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase and Web of Science databases will be performed. Studies will be screened for eligibility by title, abstract and full text in duplicate by two independent reviewers. For data where meta-analysis is not possible, narrative analysis will be carried out using themes from data. For data where meta-analysis is possible, random effects meta-analysis will be conducted. This systematic review will be reported according to the Meta-analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this study considering this is a systematic review protocol that uses only published data. The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184573.

scholarly journals Implementation and impact of mobile health (mHealth) in the management of diabetes mellitus in Africa: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e047556
Author(s):  
Franklin Okechukwu Dike ◽  
Jean Claude Mutabazi ◽  
Blessing Chinenye Ubani ◽  
Ahmed Sherif Isa ◽  
Chidiebele Ezeude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Delivery Services ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionThe WHO has proposed the concept of mobile health (mHealth) to support healthcare systems delivery worldwide. mHealth basically involves the use of Information and Communication Technology for healthcare provision or delivery services. Africa has seen a remarkable increase in mobile phone availability and usage in the last decade. The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Africa have also been on the increase in the last decade, in sharp contrast to an ailing healthcare system. We aim to review the extent of implementation of mHealth in the management of DM in Africa, and estimate its impact in helping patients achieve desired glycaemic target, sustain control and prevent complications in the past decade.Methods and analysisStudies assessing the utilisation of mhealth in the management of patients with DM in Africa will be considered based on the PICO method: Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcomes. Medline, PubMed, SCOPUS and the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry, among others will be searched. Two authors independent of each other shall screen titles and abstracts retrieved using the search strategy, retrieve the full text articles and assess them for eligibility and extract data. A third reviewing author will be brought in to resolve any disagreement between the two authors by discussion. The ‘Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool’ will be used to assess the quality of included studies. A narrative synthesis of extracted data and, where the characteristics of the eligible studies permit, a meta-analysis (which will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines) will be done.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval will be required since only published data will be used. Dissemination of results will be through peer reviewed publication and conference presentation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021218674.

Interventions for students with autism in inclusive settings: A best-evidence synthesis and meta-analysis.

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laci Watkins ◽  
Katherine Ledbetter-Cho ◽  
Mark O'Reilly ◽  
Lucy Barnard-Brak ◽  
Pau Garcia-Grau
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Inclusive Settings ◽  
Students With Autism

The Association Between Sarcopenia and Postoperative Outcomes Among Older Adults With Hip Fracture: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110065
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsiu Chiang ◽  
Yi-Jie Kuo ◽  
Yu-Pin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Clinical Event ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
And Function

Hip fracture is a serious clinical event with high morbidity and mortality. Sarcopenia is characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, leading to several adverse health outcomes. In this systematic review, no limitation criteria were used for study selection and 327 studies were identified in the initial search. Of these, 11 studies comprising a total of 2,314 patients were selected. The overall proportion of older adults with hip fracture having sarcopenia was 44%, with a disparity of approximately 10% between men and women. Most studies have indicated that older adults with sarcopenia had poorer postoperative functional recovery than those without sarcopenia; the association between sarcopenia and high postoperative mortality or long hospital stay was heterogeneous. Well-organized studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted.

Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium by anatomical site in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 563-570
Author(s):  
Rosie L Latimer ◽  
Hannah S Shilling ◽  
Lenka A Vodstrcil ◽  
Dorothy A Machalek ◽  
Christopher K Fairley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectiveTo systematically review and appraise published data, to determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in men who have sex with men (MSM) tested at each anatomical site, that is, at the urethra, rectum and/or pharynx.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesOvid Medline, PubMed, Embase were searched for articles from 1st January 1981 (the year MG was first identified) to 1st June 2018.Review methodsStudies were eligible for inclusion if they reported MG prevalence in MSM tested at the urethra, rectum and/or pharynx, in at least 50 MSM, using nucleic acid amplification testing. Data were extracted by anatomical site, symptom and HIV status. Summary estimates (95% CIs) were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess heterogeneity between studies.ResultsForty-six studies met inclusion criteria, with 34 reporting estimates of MG prevalence at the urethra (13 753 samples), 25 at the rectum (8629 samples) and 7 at the pharynx (1871 samples). MG prevalence was 5.0% (95% CI 3.5 to 6.8; I2=94.0) at the urethra; 6.2% (95% CI 4.6 to 8.1; I2=88.1) at the rectum and 1.0% (95% CI 0.0 to 5.1; I2=96.0) at the pharynx. The prevalence of MG was significantly higher at urethral and rectal sites in symptomatic versus asymptomatic MSM (7.1% vs 2.2%, p<0.001; and 16.1% vs 7.5%, p=0.039, respectively). MG prevalence at the urethra was significantly higher in HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative MSM (7.0% vs 3.4%, p=0.006).ConclusionMG was common in MSM, particularly at urethral and rectal sites (5% to 6%). MG was more commonly detected in symptomatic men at both sites, and more common in HIV-positive men at the urethra. MG was uncommonly detected in the pharynx. Site-specific estimates are similar to those for chlamydia and will be helpful in informing testing practices in MSM.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017058326.

scholarly journals Ultrasound imaging versus palpation method for diagnostic lumbar puncture in neonates and infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Olowoyeye ◽  
Opeyemi Fadahunsi ◽  
Jerome Okudo ◽  
Oluwakare Opaneye ◽  
Charles Okwundu
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Diagnostic Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Neonates And Infants

ImportanceLumbar puncture (LP) failure rates vary and can be as high as 65%. Ultrasound guidance could increase the success of performing LP.ObjectiveTo summarise the evidence on the use of ultrasound guidance versus palpation method for LP.Data sourcesWe searched computerised databases and published indexes, registries and references identified from bibliographies of pertinent articles without any language restrictions to find studies that compared ultrasound guidance to palpation method for performing an LP.Study selectionStudies were included if they were randomised or quasirandomised trials in neonates and infants that compared ultrasound guidance with palpation method for performing an LP.Data extraction and synthesisStandardised data collection tool was used for data extraction, and two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the studiesMain outcome(s) and measure(s)The primary outcome was the risk of LP failure, while the risk of traumatic tap, needle redirections/reinsertions and procedure durations were secondary outcomesResultsData from four studies and 308 participants is included in the analysis. Ultrasound imaging reduced the risk of LP failure, risk ratio of 0.58 (95% CI 0.15 to 2.28), but it was not statistically significant (p=0.44). Ultrasound imaging significantly reduced the risk of a traumatic tap risk ratio of 0.33 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.82) and p=0.02. The included studies had low to moderate quality; the studies differed based on mean age and with variability on outcome definition.Conclusions and relevanceThis meta-analysis suggests that ultrasound imaging has no effect in increasing lumbar success but is beneficial in reducing the risk of traumatic taps in neonates and infants.Trial registration numberCRD42017055800.

Quality of life after interventions for malignant pleural effusions: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthipan Sivakumar ◽  
Anita Saigal ◽  
Liju Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pleural Catheter ◽  
Talc Poudrage

BackgroundMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) results in breathlessness and impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study reviews the existing literature on HRQOL following invasive interventions in MPE.MethodsFive electronic databases were systematically searched and assessed three times during the review process and last completed on 15 June 2018. We included all studies evaluating HRQOL outcomes for the following interventions: therapeutic thoracocentesis, talc slurry (TS) pleurodesis, indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) insertion and thoracoscopic talc poudrage (TTP) pleurodesis. Meta-analysis was not performed due to substantial heterogeneity in the published data.Results17 studies were included in the review reporting HRQOL outcomes in 2515 patients. TTP, TS and IPC were associated with modest but inconsistent improvements in HRQOL up to 12 weeks. No intervention was significantly different from another in HRQOL outcomes at any time point. The attrition to follow-up was 48.3% (664/1374) at 3 months. The overall quality of studies was inadequate.ConclusionTTP, TS and IPC seem to improve HRQOL in MPE over 4–12 weeks, but there are insufficient longer term data due to high attrition rates. Evidence on the most effective treatment strategy is limited by the small number of randomised or comparative studies.Trial registration numberCRD42016051003.

scholarly journals Recalibrating the risk of hamstring strain injury (HSI): A 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for index and recurrent hamstring strain injury in sport

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brady Green ◽  
Matthew N Bourne ◽  
Nicol van Dyk ◽  
Tania Pizzari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo systematically review risk factors for hamstring strain injury (HSI).DesignSystematic review update.Data sourcesDatabase searches: (1) inception to 2011 (original), and (2) 2011 to December 2018 (update). Citation tracking, manual reference and ahead of press searches.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies presenting prospective data evaluating factors associated with the risk of index and/or recurrent HSI.MethodSearch result screening and risk of bias assessment. A best evidence synthesis for each factor and meta-analysis, where possible, to determine the association with risk of HSI.ResultsThe 78 studies captured 8,319 total HSIs, including 967 recurrences, in 71,324 athletes. Older age (standardised mean difference=1.6, p=0.002), any history of HSI (risk ratio (RR)=2.7, p<0.001), a recent HSI (RR=4.8, p<0.001), previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury (RR=1.7, p=0.002) and previous calf strain injury (RR=1.5, p<0.001) were significant risk factors for HSI. From the best evidence synthesis, factors relating to sports performance and match play, running and hamstring strength were most consistently associated with HSI risk. The risk of recurrent HSI is best evaluated using clinical data and not the MRI characteristics of the index injury.Summary/conclusionOlder age and a history of HSI are the strongest risk factors for HSI. Future research may be directed towards exploring the interaction of risk factors and how these relationships fluctuate over time given the occurrence of index and recurrent HSI in sport is multifactorial.

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