47 Is subjective sleep continuity associated with fluid intelligence?

The relationship between objective and subjective sleep quality is still debated. Here, we investigate differences in objective sleep parameters in habitual subjective good sleepers and bad sleepers with the aim of evaluating sleep continuity, stability and organization as possible determinants of subjective sleep quality. In total, 38 subjects (good sleepers, N = 18; bad sleepers, N = 20) underwent two nights of sleep recording. Traditional sleep parameters displayed no between-groups differences. Conversely, bad sleepers showed lower sleep continuity (awakenings frequency), stability (e.g. arousals and state transitions frequency) and organization (e.g. number of sleep cycles and time spent in cycles). Our findings point to the involvement of these measures in determining habitual sleep quality perception and suggest the possibility to include them in standard sleep assessments.

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The Subjective Meaning of Good Sleep, An Intraindividual Approach Using the Karolinska Sleep Diary

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.287 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 287-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 138

Author(s):

Torbjörn Åkerstedt ◽

Ken Hume ◽

David Minors ◽

Jim Waterhouse

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

General Pattern ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Sleep Continuity ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

Good Sleep

The present experiment used an intraindividual design to investigate the meaning and measurement of “good sleep.” Each of 16 subjects slept in an isolation unit according to a schedule (15 sleeps) designed to give variable quality of sleep. Self-rated sleep measures (from the Karolinska Sleep Diary) were obtained after each sleep and subjected to intraindividual regression analyses across time. Most subjective sleep measures showed a strong covariation across conditions. Subjective quality of sleep mainly involved variables of sleep continuity, in particular, perceived calmness of sleep and sleep efficiency. “Sleep quality,” “calm sleep,” “ease of falling asleep,” and ability to “sleep throughout” the time allotted strongly covaried and formed an index of sleep quality. Self-rated ease of awakening deviated from the general pattern and was associated with poor sleep quality. So was reported dreaming (related to awakenings). It was concluded that most subjective sleep measures tend to covary across conditions and that “good sleep” is mainly a question of sleep continuity.

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Meteorologic factors and subjective sleep continuity: a preliminary evaluation

International Journal of Biometeorology ◽

10.1007/s00484-004-0227-1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 152-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Juhi Pandey ◽

Michael Grandner ◽

Crista Crittenden ◽

Michael T. Smith ◽

Michael L. Perlis

Keyword(s):

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Sleep Continuity ◽

Meteorologic Factors

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Personality and Sleep: Neuroticism and Conscientiousness Predict Behaviourally Recorded Sleep Years Later

European Journal of Personality ◽

10.1002/per.2191 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 133-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zlatan Križan ◽

Garrett Hisler

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

The United States ◽

Subjective Quality ◽

Quality Data ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Sleep Continuity

Sleep is one key feature of people's lives that defines their daily routine and reflects overall health and well–being. To test the relevance of personality for core aspects of sleep, we examined if personality traits across the five broad personality domains predicted behaviourally recorded, week–long sleep characteristics up to five years later (alongside subjective sleep quality). Data from 382 participants (63% female, aged 34–82 years) were drawn from the longitudinal study on Midlife in the United States Study—Biomarker project. In terms of mean tendencies, both neuroticism and conscientiousness signalled more sleep continuity (fewer interruptions) alongside better subjective quality. In terms of intra–individual sleep variability, neuroticism predicted more variability in sleep duration, continuity, and subjective sleep quality, while conscientiousness predicted less variability in sleep duration and sleep continuity. Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness traits did not generally foreshadow behaviourally recoded sleep, only higher ratings of subjective quality. These links were robust to the impact of demographic factors and were not moderated by the duration of time between personality and sleep assessments. The findings distinguish which personality traits foreshadow core aspects of sleep and also implicate multiple traits as predictors of variability, not just mean tendencies, in behaviourally recorded sleep. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

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Sleep quality in schizophrenia and the effects of atypical antipsychotic medication

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.0924-2708.2004.00103.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 281-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. M. Judith Haffmans ◽

Hans J. Oolders ◽

Erik Hoencamp ◽

Andreas Schreiner

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Atypical Antipsychotics ◽

Slow Wave Sleep ◽

Sleep Efficiency ◽

Sleep Stages ◽

Rapid Eye Movement ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Sleep Continuity

Background:Sleep disorders are widespread among patients with schizophrenia and contribute to adverse clinical outcomes. Antipsychotic drugs exert varying effects on sleep, and the effects of atypical agents may differ from those of conventional neuroleptics.Objective:To review the literature on the effects of atypical medication on subjective and objective sleep quality in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:A non-systematic literature review of Medline was performed in August 2003 searching the period from January 1985 to August 2003 for studies of the effects of atypical antipsychotics on sleep.Results:We found published studies of clozapine, olanzapine, and risperidone, but none on quetiapine or ziprasidone. Studies with clozapine showed that it increased total sleep time, sleep efficiency, stage-2 non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep density, and decreased stage-4 sleep, slow wave sleep (SWS) and stage-1 sleep. Single-dose studies with olanzapine have shown that it increases SWS, sleep continuity, total sleeping time, subjective sleep quality, and delta sleep. Long-term studies with risperidone have shown improvements in total sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep continuity, SWS, and stage-2 sleep, and reductions in sleep latency, number of awakenings, and proportion of time awake. These benefits were paralleled by improvements in subjective sleep assessment and psychopathology, and psychosocial functioning.Conclusions:The evidence presented in this review suggests that atypical antipsychotics exert favorable effects on sleep profile compared with conventional agents, including improvement of subjective sleep quality and modification of specific sleep stages known to be associated with better clinical outcome.

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Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000101 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 82-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sophie von Stumm

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Fluid Intelligence ◽

Need For Cognition ◽

Openness To Experience ◽

Intelligence Tests ◽

Crystallized Intelligence ◽

New Knowledge ◽

The Relationship ◽

Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

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