The Subjective Meaning of Good Sleep, An Intraindividual Approach Using the Karolinska Sleep Diary

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Åkerstedt ◽  
Ken Hume ◽  
David Minors ◽  
Jim Waterhouse

The present experiment used an intraindividual design to investigate the meaning and measurement of “good sleep.” Each of 16 subjects slept in an isolation unit according to a schedule (15 sleeps) designed to give variable quality of sleep. Self-rated sleep measures (from the Karolinska Sleep Diary) were obtained after each sleep and subjected to intraindividual regression analyses across time. Most subjective sleep measures showed a strong covariation across conditions. Subjective quality of sleep mainly involved variables of sleep continuity, in particular, perceived calmness of sleep and sleep efficiency. “Sleep quality,” “calm sleep,” “ease of falling asleep,” and ability to “sleep throughout” the time allotted strongly covaried and formed an index of sleep quality. Self-rated ease of awakening deviated from the general pattern and was associated with poor sleep quality. So was reported dreaming (related to awakenings). It was concluded that most subjective sleep measures tend to covary across conditions and that “good sleep” is mainly a question of sleep continuity.

Author(s):  
V. Ye. Кondratiuk ◽  
A. S. Petrova

The researcheddemonstrated the relationship between functional state of the pineal gland and sleepdeterioration. However, impaired melatonin-producing function of the pineal gland (MFE) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), treated with hemodialysis (HD), and its association with sleep disturbance in this cohort of patients required further investigations.Aim — to assess the quality of sleepin patients with stage 5 CKD treated with HD and investigate itsrelationship with the pineal dysfunction.Materials and methods. Examinations involved 130 patients (50 % of men) with stage 5 CKD, treated with hemodialysis, with the mean age 58.5 [43; 66]. The day and night melatoninlevels (MT) in saliva were determined and based on the results the patients were divided into two groups: group I — 110 patients with impaired MFE, group II — 20 patients with normal MFE. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory tests: general and biochemical blood tests, office blood pressure (BP) measurements, Holter blood pressure monitoring.Results. Analysis of the insomniastructure in patients with stage 5 CKD, treated with HD, according to the PSQI questionnaire, demonstrated the problems with falling asleep in 96.2 % of patients, feeling of heat in 56.8 %, frequent awakenings in 52.9 %, daytime dysfunction in 40.8 %, breathing problems in 40.5 %, sleep problems due to coughing or snoring in 37.8 %, having bad dreams in 18.9 %, the use of sleeping meds in 8 % of patients. The total PSQI score in patients with impaired MFE was higher by 71.4 % (p < 0.001) compared to the value obtained in the group with preserved pineal gland function, demonstrating the effects of MFE on sleep quality.The component of «sleep delay» and «sleep duration» in patients with pineal gland dysfunction was 66.7 % higher than in the group with preserved MFE (p < 0.001). Comparative analysis of the number of minutes required for patients to fall asleep in the study groups demonstrateda greater sleep delay in HD-treated patients with impaired MFE. From them, the majority of subjects (71.8 %) needed more than 60 minutes to fall asleep, while in the group with preserved MFE such patients were not identified (p < 0.05). The number of patients with the period of falling asleep of 31 to 60 minutes in the group with pineal gland dysfunction was 30 % less than in patients with preserved MFE (p < 0.05). The number of patients in whom it took 16—30 minutes to fall asleep in the group with preserved MFE was 92.5 % (p < 0.05) more than in patients with pineal gland dysfunction, and patientswith the period of falling asleep of less than 15 minutes was by 62 % higher than patients with impaired MFE (p < 0.05). The decreased sleep duration was established in all patients treated with HD, however the most worsening of the sleep quality was revealed in the groupof MFE disorders. Thus, thenumber of patients with sleep duration < 5 hourswas by 90.8 % (р < 0.05) higher in the groupof impairedMFEvs group with the preserved MFE, with sleep duration of 5—6 hours by 81.7 % (р < 0.05), the number of subjects with duration of 6—7 hours by 76.4 % lower (р < 0.05), and those who slept > 7 hours by 84.0 % (р < 0.05).Conclusions. Patients with stage 5 CKD, treated with HD, were characterized with combination of MFE impairment (84.6 %) with poor sleep quality (86.2 %), including problems withfalling asleep, felling hot, frequent waking up, and daytime dysfunction. The low quality of sleep was determined bylow melatonin levels in saliva, the presence of hypoalbuminemia and arterial hypertension, hypertension duration and HDtreatment


2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1454-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo von Gaevernitz Lima ◽  
Ana Claudia Garabeli Cavalli Kluthcovsky ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Rachid Fernandes ◽  
Giovane Okarenski

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Evaluate the quality of sleep and its association with the use of computers and cell-phones among medicine and dentistry students. METHODS Cross-sectional and comparative study, which evaluated 425 students through a socioeconomic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), and a questionnaire on their use of computers and cell phones. RESULTS Poor sleep quality was observed in 61.4% of medical students and in 60.1% of dentistry students. Medical students with poor sleep quality had a higher mean time of computer use at night when compared to those with good sleep quality (p=0.04), as well as for computer (p<0.001) and cell phone use (p<0.01) immediately before bedtime. Dentistry students with poor sleep quality had a higher average time of computer use before bedtime than those with good sleep quality (p=0.03). CONCLUSION Students should receive guidance on prevention strategies and quality of sleep care.


Author(s):  
Xuan Dung Ho

TÓM TẮT Giới thiệu: Các rối loạn về giấc ngủ: khó khăn khi đi vào giấc ngủ, duy trì giấc ngủ, chất lượng giấc ngủ kém, dậy sớm và ngủ ban ngày quá nhiều mà bệnh nhân ung thư phải trải qua thường xuyên nhưng thường hay bị bỏ sót và chưa được chú ý đến. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá chất lượng giấc ngủ và tìm hiểu các yếu tố liên quan đến chất lượng giấc ngủ ở bệnh nhân ung thư đang được điều trị tại bệnh viện trường đại học Y dược Huế. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 104 bệnh nhân ung thư tại Khoa Ung Bướu, bệnh viện trường Đại học Y dược Huế. Sử dụng thang đo PSQI và PHQ-ADS để đánh giá chất lượng giấc ngủ, và tình trạng trầm cảm lo âu ở bệnh nhân ung thư. Phân tích hồi quy đa biến tuyến tính dùng để kiểm định mối tương quan giữa chất lượng giấc ngủ và các yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả: Đối tượng nghiên cứu có độ tuổi trung bình 59,6 ± 11,7. Điểm PSQI trung bình chất lượng giấc ngủ là 10,6 ± 5,2. Phần lớn bệnh nhân có chất lượng giấc ngủ kém (79,8%); trong đó, 50% bệnh nhân gặp trở ngại lớn để đi vào giấc ngủ, có đến 46,2% chỉ ngủ được 5 giờ trong một đêm. Có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa chất lượng giấc ngủ với giới tính và tình trạng trầm cảm, lo âu (p < 0,05). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân ung thư thường có chất lượng giấc ngủ kém. Điều này cho thấy giấc ngủ của bệnh nhân cần được quan tâm đúng mức và không nên bỏ sót trong quá trình chẩn đoán và điều trị. Từ khóa: Chất lượng giấc ngủ, bệnh nhân ung thư, trầm cảm lo âu. ABSTRACT QUALITY OF SLEEP AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG CANCER PATIENTS IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL Introduction: Sleep disorders such as difficulty in falling asleep, maintaining sleep, poor sleep efficiency, early awakening and excessive daytime sleepiness are among the adverse effects that are experienced frequently but they are widely underdiagnosed. Therefore, addressing problems related to sleep among cancer patients could carry out better implications to improve quality of sleep, enhancing treatment outcomes. Aim: To evaluate quality of sleep and to detect associated factors of sleep quality among cancer patients. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 cancer patients treated at the Oncology Department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy hospital. Sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), severity of anxiety and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire - Anxiety and Depression Scale) were accessed in the present study. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between sleep quality and its related factors. Results: The mean age of study population was 59.6 ± 11.7. The average PSQI score was 10.6 ± 5.2. 79.8% cancer patients had poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5). 50% patients had difficulty falling asleep and 46.2% patients reported sleep of < 5 hours per day. There were statistically associations between quality of sleep and gender, depression/anxiety (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The majority of cancer patients had poor sleep quality. This study points out that sleep is of great importance among cancer patients, which should not be neglected during the diagnosis and treatment procedure. Keyword: Quality of sleep, cancer patient, depression, anxiety.


Author(s):  
Mai Nguyen Phuong

TÓM TẮT Giới thiệu: Các rối loạn về giấc ngủ: khó khăn khi đi vào giấc ngủ, duy trì giấc ngủ, chất lượng giấc ngủ kém, dậy sớm và ngủ ban ngày quá nhiều mà bệnh nhân ung thư phải trải qua thường xuyên nhưng thường hay bị bỏ sót và chưa được chú ý đến. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá chất lượng giấc ngủ và tìm hiểu các yếu tố liên quan đến chất lượng giấc ngủ ở bệnh nhân ung thư đang được điều trị tại bệnh viện trường đại học Y dược Huế. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 104 bệnh nhân ung thư tại Khoa Ung Bướu, bệnh viện trường Đại học Y dược Huế. Sử dụng thang đo PSQI và PHQ-ADS để đánh giá chất lượng giấc ngủ, và tình trạng trầm cảm lo âu ở bệnh nhân ung thư. Phân tích hồi quy đa biến tuyến tính dùng để kiểm định mối tương quan giữa chất lượng giấc ngủ và các yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả: Đối tượng nghiên cứu có độ tuổi trung bình 59,6 ± 11,7. Điểm PSQI trung bình chất lượng giấc ngủ là 10,6 ± 5,2. Phần lớn bệnh nhân có chất lượng giấc ngủ kém (79,8%); trong đó, 50% bệnh nhân gặp trở ngại lớn để đi vào giấc ngủ, có đến 46,2% chỉ ngủ được 5 giờ trong một đêm. Có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa chất lượng giấc ngủ với giới tính và tình trạng trầm cảm, lo âu (p < 0,05). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân ung thư thường có chất lượng giấc ngủ kém. Điều này cho thấy giấc ngủ của bệnh nhân cần được quan tâm đúng mức và không nên bỏ sót trong quá trình chẩn đoán và điều trị. Từ khóa: Chất lượng giấc ngủ, bệnh nhân ung thư, trầm cảm lo âu. ABSTRACT QUALITY OF SLEEP AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG CANCER PATIENTS IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL Introduction: Sleep disorders such as difficulty in falling asleep, maintaining sleep, poor sleep efficiency, early awakening and excessive daytime sleepiness are among the adverse effects that are experienced frequently but they are widely underdiagnosed. Therefore, addressing problems related to sleep among cancer patients could carry out better implications to improve quality of sleep, enhancing treatment outcomes. Aim: To evaluate quality of sleep and to detect associated factors of sleep quality among cancer patients. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 cancer patients treated at the Oncology Department, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy hospital. Sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), severity of anxiety and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire - Anxiety and Depression Scale) were accessed in the present study. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between sleep quality and its related factors. Results: The mean age of study population was 59.6 ± 11.7. The average PSQI score was 10.6 ± 5.2. 79.8% cancer patients had poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5). 50% patients had difficulty falling asleep and 46.2% patients reported sleep of < 5 hours per day. There were statistically associations between quality of sleep and gender, depression/anxiety (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The majority of cancer patients had poor sleep quality. This study points out that sleep is of great importance among cancer patients, which should not be neglected during the diagnosis and treatment procedure. Keyword: Quality of sleep, cancer patient, depression, anxiety.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Indra P P ◽  
Linda F Tampubolon ◽  
Samani Ndruru

Complaints about night-time sleep difficulties often occur among the elderly. Difficulties in sleep that affect the quality of sleep of elderly are still many elderly people often have woke up.Guided imageryis a non farmokologi therapy is often used to treat sleep disorders andcan is useful to reduce anxiety, pain and facilitate good sleep quality. Goals : This study aimed to determine the effect of guided imagery relaxation technique on quality of sleep in the elderly in social services UPT Elderly Binjai. Method : This research method using one-group pre-post test design test. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, with a sample of 20 respondents. Measuring instruments used PSQI questionnaire. Result : Analysis of the data shows the results of the sleep quality pre-test all elderly experience poor sleep quality (100%) and post-test were experiencing good sleep quality as much (10%) and poor sleep quality as much (90%). The results showed that guided imagery relaxation techniques affect the quality of sleep in elderly UPT Elderly Social services Binjai p = 0.001 (<0.05). Conculsion : Researchers suggest to the elderly in order to continue the selfguided imagery regularly.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Amninder Kaur ◽  
Simran Makker

Background of Study: Text neck syndrome is an important health issues especially in developing Countries. Text Neck refers to repetitive stress injury resulted from excessive watching, texting or overusing hand held devices in a forward head posture for a long period of time. The prevalence of smartphone users worldwide will be around 2.5 billion by 2019. In 2019, the smartphone users in India are estimated to hit 340 million. However, the health effects of mobile phone usage were various on mental and physical health system, but the problem out of which cervical, neck pain and insomnia was most commonly reported. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of Text Neck Syndrome and Quality of Sleep among smartphone users in selected colleges of District Ludhiana, Punjab. Material and Methods: A descriptive research design was used. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 400 smartphone users. Data was gathered by using standardized tool for text neck syndrome i.e. Neck Disability Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess quality of sleep. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of study showed that nearly half of the smartphone users 151(37.8%) had mild neck disability and (53.75%) subjects had good sleep quality whereas (46.25%) poor sleep quality. There was a statistical significant association of the text neck syndrome with sociodemographic variable habitat of smart phone users and association of sleep quality with habitat, socioeconomic status and academic course. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that nearly 37.8% had mild neck disability and (53.75%) subjects had good sleep quality among smartphone users and was significantly associated with habitat. Key words: Text neck syndrome, Quality of Sleep, smartphone users, repetitive stress injury.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Boostaneh ◽  
Mohammad Zirak ◽  
Ramezan Fallah

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to assess the burden of care and its relationship with sleep quality of cancer patients’ caregivers.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in a referral center of cancer in Zanjan, northwest of Iran. 135 caregivers of cancer patients were recruited through convenience sampling method. The data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire, Novak and Guest’s caregiver burden inventory and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The mean (± SD) age of the participants was 39.71 (± 10.74) years. The mean (± SD) burden of care and sleep quality of the participants was 45.22 (± 17.75) and 8.88 (± 4.21), respectively. It was found that there is a significant positive relationship between burden of care and quality of sleep scores (r = 0.65, P < 0.001).Conclusion: cancer patients’ caregivers endure a remarkable burden of care and their sleep quality is undesirable. Results indicated that an increase in the burden of care reduces the caregiver’s quality of sleep. High burden of care and poor sleep quality may reduce the quality of the provided care that increase the costs and weakens the disease prognosis. According to the study results, reducing burden of care is an effective strategy regarding improving the caregivers’ quality of sleep that can improve the quality of provided cares by caregivers.


BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S279-S279
Author(s):  
Linda Nyamute ◽  
Muthoni Mathai ◽  
Anne Mbwayo

AimsThe main objective was to determine whether quality of sleep is associated with burnout among undergraduate medical students at the University of Nairobi.The null hypothesis in our study population was; 'There is no significant association between poor sleep quality and burnout'.BackgroundIn a pressure prevailing environment, medical students find themselves in a vicious cycle of cutting down on sleep in attempts to cope and adjust to increasing workloads. Students with poor sleep quality have been found to perform worse in their board exam and have strained social engagements. Ultimately, this chronic sleep deprivation may lead to burnout which may cause diminished sense of accomplishment and impaired professional conduct, that may be carried on to the career as a physician. High levels of burnout have been associated with suicides.MethodThe sample size obtained was 384 and participants were selected by a mixed sampling method. Data collection was through self-administered questionnaires. Scales used for this study were the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory(OLBI).Ethical considerations were adhered to and approval obtained from the Kenyatta National Hospital-University of Nairobi(KNH-UON) Ethics Board. Data entry and analysis was by SPSS v23. Data from 336 questionnaires were deemed fit for analysis.ResultWith a response rate of 87.5%, the prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout were 69.9% and 74.7% respectively. There was a significant positive association between poor sleep quality and female gender, clinical years of study, living with family, poorly perceived socio-economic state and poor subjective academic performance. In addition, being female, younger, pre-clinical years, living independently off-campus and poor subjective academic performance were significantly associated with higher levels of burnout.Burnout had a significant correlation with poor sleep quality. Daytime functioning, a component of sleep quality had the highest correlation with components of burnout, disengagement and exhaustion. Overall, 57% of the respondents had both poor sleep quality &burnout, while only 12% were good sleepers with no burnout. Furthermore, having poor sleep increased the risk of having burnout by 2.8times. It is crucial that students adopt better sleeping habits to reduce the risk of burnout.ConclusionWith the high prevalence of poor sleep quality and burnout, peer-support groups and peer-led mentorship programs are recommended within this population to help deal with expectations, challenges and difficulties encountered within the course of medical education, in addition to preparing for the early future careers.


Author(s):  
Ilya Krisnana ◽  
Venni Hariani ◽  
Iqlima Dwi Kurnia ◽  
Yuni Sufyanti Arief

AbstractBackgroundMid-adolescents dominate the number of gadget users in Indonesia. The use of gadgets to a high intensity can cause various problems such as poor sleep quality and decreased social interaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the intensity of the use of gadgets and the quality of sleep and social interaction in adolescents.MethodThe research design used was a correlational research study with a cross-sectional approach. Through the calculation of the sample, the respondents were 250 adolescents who met the inclusion criteria, namely (1) adolescents aged 15–18 years and (2) teens who owned and used gadgets. The sampling method used simple random sampling by conducting a lottery system in each class. The independent variable was the intensity of using the gadget, while the dependent variable was the quality of sleep and social interaction. Data collection focused on the intensity of gadget use using questionnaires and it was analyzed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). The data was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation with α = 0.05.ResultsThe results showed that the intensity of gadget use was positively related to poor sleep quality in adolescents (p = <0.001; r = 0.555). The intensity of the use of gadgets was also related to social interaction with a negative direction. The higher the intensity of the use of gadgets, the lower the social interaction in adolescents (p = 0.001; r = –293).ConclusionThe use of gadgets in the mid-adolescent years is related to sleep disorders as regards the latency and duration of sleep. Adolescents are more likely to engage in social interaction and communication through gadgets than face to face.


2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 0596-0602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliét Silveira Hanus ◽  
Graziela Amboni ◽  
Maria Inês da Rosa ◽  
Luciane Bisognin Ceretta ◽  
Lisiane Tuon

OBJECTIVEAnalyzing the quality of sleep of hypertensive patients registered in the national registration system and monitoring of hypertensive patients.METHODSA cross-sectional study of quantitative and descriptive analyses with 280 hypertensive patients registered in the National Program of Hypertension and Diabetes of the Federal Government in the months from August to October 2011. Questionnaires were used which allowed for tracking sociodemographic data on hypertension and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).RESULTSThe prevalence of poor sleep quality among respondents (156 hypertensive patients) and high rates of using medication for sleeping (106 hypertensive patients) was observed. Other relevant data refers to the quality of sleep among hypertensive patients using sleep medication compared to those who do not use it (p≤0.01).CONCLUSIONIndividuals with high blood pressure have a negative association with sleep quality.


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