scholarly journals Effect of a cervical collar on head and neck acceleration profiles during emergency spinal immobilisation and extrication procedures in elite football (soccer) players: protocol for a randomised, controlled cross-over trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e001157
Author(s):  
Michael J Callaghan ◽  
Tom Hughes ◽  
John Davin ◽  
Russell Hayes ◽  
Neil Hough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Cervical Collar ◽  
Spinal Immobilisation ◽  
Randomised Controlled

When immobilisation after a cervical spine or head injury is required, the role of the rigid cervical collar is unclear and controversial. There is a need for further studies investigating the use of a rigid cervical collar when head and neck trauma occurs in sport. This study will compare present practice (immobilisation with a cervical collar) to the same procedure without a collar during a simulated spinal immobilisation and extraction scenario from the field of play to the side-line in football (soccer). It will use a prospective cohort within-subjects cross over randomised, controlled trial design. Healthy participants will assume the role of players with a head or neck injury. Clinical practitioners will perform the immobilisation and extrication procedure according to current clinical guidelines. Three dimensional linear and angular acceleration profiles of the head and torso will be measured and the time taken to complete the procedure. The interventions will be a ‘cervical collar’ or ‘no collar’ in random order. Data from the IMUs will be transferred wirelessly to a computer for analysis. Accordingly, within-subject differences between each condition (collar vs no collar) will be assessed with parametric or non-parametric inferential statistics. Statistical significance will be set at p<0.05.Trial registration number:ISRCTN16515969

Role of prophylactic antibiotics in lesser toe fusion surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mangwani ◽  
A. Gulati ◽  
R. Benson ◽  
M. Cichero ◽  
D.M. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Fusion Surgery ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals Eight-day consumption of inulin added to a yogurt breakfast lowers postprandial appetite ratings but not energy intakes in young healthy females: a randomised controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Heap ◽  
Jessica Ingram ◽  
Marron Law ◽  
Amy J. Tucker ◽  
Amanda J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Desire To Eat ◽  
Repeated Consumption ◽  
Healthy Females

AbstractIncreasing feelings of satiety may reduce appetite and energy intake. The role of inulin consumption in impacting satiety is unclear. A randomised double-blind controlled crossover trial aimed to determine the effects of inulin+yogurt on satiety after 1 and 8-d consumption. The preload breakfast included 100 g vanilla yogurt with (yogurt-inulin (YI)) and without (yogurt-control (YC)) 6 g inulin. A total of nineteen healthy females (22·8 (sd 2·7) years) with non-restrained eating behaviour and taking hormonal contraceptives participated in the study. Day 1 and 8 visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings of Hunger, Fullness, Desire to Eat and Prospective Food Consumption (PFC) were collected at fasting and every 30 min for 180 min. Energy intake was calculated from a weighed ad libitum lunch and remainder of day food records. Total AUC was calculated for each VAS. Day 1 (VAS only) and 8 (VAS and energy intakes) data were compared between YI and YC using ANCOVA, and ANOVA was used to compare energy intakes on Day 1. There were no significant differences between Day 1 YI and YC AUC appetite ratings or energy intakes. However, 8-d consumption of YI v. YC was associated with lower Desire to Eat and PFC ratings but similar lunch and total day energy intakes. Therefore, the addition of 6 g inulin to a commercially available yogurt affected feelings of appetite, but not energy intake, after repeated consumption. These results suggest that inulin may be a suitable ingredient to increase dietary fibre consumption, with potential to impact appetite.

scholarly journals A skin cancer prevention photoageing intervention for secondary schools in Brazil delivered by medical students: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e018299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titus Josef Brinker ◽  
Bianca Lisa Faria ◽  
Martina Gatzka ◽  
Olber Moreira de Faria ◽  
Markus V Heppt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Sunscreen Use ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionThe incidence of melanoma is increasing faster than any other major cancer both in Brazil and worldwide. The Southeast of Brazil has especially high incidences of melanoma, and early detection is low. Exposure to UV radiation represents a primary risk factor for developing melanoma. Increasing attractiveness is a major motivation for adolescents for tanning. A medical student-delivered intervention that harnesses the broad availability of mobile phones as well as adolescents’ interest in their appearance may represent a novel method to improve skin cancer prevention.Methods and analysisWe developed a free mobile app (Sunface), which will be implemented in at least 30 secondary school classes, each with 21 students (at least 30 classes with 21 students for control) in February 2018 in Southeast Brazil via a novel method called mirroring. In a 45 min classroom seminar, the students’ altered three-dimensional selfies on tablets are ‘mirrored’ via a projector in front of their entire class, showing the effects of unprotected UV exposure on their future faces. External block randomisation via computer is performed on the class level with a 1:1 allocation. Sociodemographic data, as well as skin type, ancestry, UV protection behaviour and its predictors are measured via a paper–pencil questionnaire before as well as at 3 and 6 months postintervention. The primary end point is the group difference in the 30-day prevalence of daily sunscreen use at a 6-month follow-up. Secondary end points include (1) the difference in daily sunscreen use at a 3-month follow-up, (2) if a self-skin examination in accordance with the ABCDE rule was performed within the 6-month follow-up and (3) the number of tanning sessions.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the University of Itauna. Results will be disseminated at conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03178240; Pre-results.

Identifying low-risk chest pain in the emergency department without troponin testing: a validation study of the HE-MACS and HEAR risk scores

2021 ◽  
pp. emermed-2021-211669
Author(s):  
Fraser Todd ◽  
James Duff ◽  
Edward Carlton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPatients presenting to EDs with chest pain of possible cardiac origin represent a substantial and challenging cohort to risk stratify. Scores such as HE-MACS (History and Electrocardiogram-only Manchester Acute Coronary Syndromes decision aid) and HEAR (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors) have been developed to stratify risk without the need for troponin testing. Validation of these scores remains limited.MethodsWe performed a post hoc analysis of the Limit of Detection and ECG discharge strategy randomised-controlled trial dataset (n=629; June 2018 to March 2019; 8 UK hospitals) to calculate HEAR and HE-MACS scores. A <4% risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days using HE-MACS and a score of <2 calculated using HEAR defined ‘very low risk’ patients suitable for discharge. The primary outcome of MACE at 30 days was used to assess diagnostic accuracy.ResultsMACE within 30 days occurred in 42/629 (7%) of the cohort. HE-MACS and HEAR scores identified 85/629 and 181/629 patients as ‘very low risk’, with MACE occurring in 0/85 and 1/181 patients, respectively. The sensitivities of each score for ruling out MACE were 100% (95% CI: 91.6% to 100%) for HE-MACS and 97.6% (95% CI: 87.7% to 99.9%) for HEAR. Presenting symptoms within these scores were poorly predictive, with only diaphoresis reaching statistical significance (OR: 4.99 (2.33 to 10.67)). Conventional cardiovascular risk factors and clinician suspicion were related to the presence of MACE at 30 days.ConclusionHEAR and HE-MACS show potential as rule out tools for acute myocardial infarction without the need for troponin testing. However, prospective studies are required to further validate these scores.

AB097. 226. The role of prophylactic negative pressure dressing after laparotomy: results from a randomised controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. AB097-AB097
Author(s):  
Enda Hannan ◽  
Michael Eamon Kelly ◽  
James Elliot Hanratty ◽  
Eanna Ryan ◽  
Sebastian Smolarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Pressure Dressing
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