Extravagant advertising for xipamide

1980 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 92.1-92
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Β Blockers ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Hypertensive Therapy

Current 4-page advertisements1 for the diuretic xipamide (Diurexan - Merck) which we discussed last year2 cite “IMPORTANT NEW EVIDENCE (that) it is ‘as effective as many β-blockers but without their side effects, and produces better control of blood pressure throughout the whole day and night’”. This quotation comes from workers at Northwick Park3 and is accompanied by a photograph of the Clinical Research Centre. It is true that in their study the drug appeared to reduce blood pressure to much the same degree as β-blockers throughout the 24-hour cycle. But there is no reason to believe that xipamide differs from any other diuretic in its anti-hypertensive effect. As we noted some years ago, a thiazide diuretic alone can control even severely raised blood pressure in some patients.4 The advertising gives no prominence to the finding at Northwick Park (and elsewhere) that xipamide can cause a disturbing fall in the serum potassium concentration, and might thus be unsuitable for long-term anti-hypertensive therapy. It has still not been shown to have any advantage over other diuretics in the treatment of hypertension,2 and is relatively expensive.

Device therapy of resistant hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Simonyi ◽  
J. Róbert Bedros ◽  
Mihály Medvegy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Fibers ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

It is well known that hypertension is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Treatment of hypertension frequently includes administration of three or more drugs. Resistant hypertension is defined when blood pressure remains above target value despite full doses (the patient’s maximum tolerated dose) of antihypertensive medication consisting of at least three different classes of drugs including a diuretic. Pharmacological treatment of hypertension is often unsuccessful despite the increasing number of drug combinations. Uncontrolled hypertension, however, increases the cardiovascular risk. Device treatment of resistant hypertension is currently testing two major fields. One of them the stimulation of baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and the other is radiofrequency ablation of sympathetic nerve fibers around renal arteries to reduce blood pressure in drug resistant hypertension. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 203–208.

Healthwise, Part 4. Hypertension: how to treat it and how to reduce its risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 484-490
Author(s):  
Linda Nazarko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

The number of adults with high blood pressure, hypertension, is increasing globally and nationally. Hypertension increases the risk of an individual developing life-changing, long-term conditions. This article, the fourth in a series, explores the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension and the consequences of unmanaged hypertension. It explains how readers can remain healthy and well by reducing the risks of hypertension and managing it well.

Serum Potassium Concentration and Use of Ouabain in Experimental Tourniquet Shock

1957 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Rosse ◽  
A. L. Bennett ◽  
A. R. McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Serum Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Tourniquet Shock ◽  
The Mean

Shock was induced in dogs by the release of tourniquets which had been applied to the hind legs for 5 hours. The serum potassium level was followed by spaced sampling. It was seen to rise slightly (from an average of 4.02 mEq/l. to an average of 4.66 mEq/l.) during the prerelease period. Five minutes after the release of the tourniquets, the level had risen to an average of 7.50 mEq/l. and thirty minutes after the release, it had risen to an average of 8.56 mEq/l. At the critical point in the progress of the syndrome (when the mean blood pressure was approximately 50 mm Hg) the average value was 8.46 mEq/l. Ouabain was administered and the level of serum potassium was seen to rise, attaining values as high as 14.67 mEq/l. in one case. The results and significance of these increased levels are briefly discussed as well as an animadversion upon the effects of ouabain on the mean blood pressure.

scholarly journals Kidney Is Essential for Blood Pressure Modulation by Dietary Potassium

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Tong Su ◽  
Chao-Ling Yang ◽  
David H. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Extracellular Potassium Concentration

Abstract Eating more potassium may reduce blood pressure and the occurrence of other cardiovascular diseases by actions on various systems, including the vasculature, the sympathetic nervous system, systemic metabolism, and body fluid volume. Among these, the kidney plays a major role in the potassium-rich diet–mediated blood pressure reduction. Purpose of Review To provide an overview of recent discoveries about the mechanisms by which a potassium-rich diet leads to natriuresis. Recent Findings Although the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a short part of the nephron that reabsorbs salt, via the sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC), it is highly sensitive to changes in plasma potassium concentration. Activation or inhibition of NCC raises or lowers blood pressure. Recent work suggests that extracellular potassium concentration is sensed by the DCT via intracellular chloride concentration which regulates WNK kinases in the DCT. Summary High-potassium diet targets NCC in the DCT, resulting in natriuresis and fluid volume reduction, which are protective from hypertension and other cardiovascular problems.

Acid-Activated Renin Responses to Hydrochlorothiazide, Propranolol and Indomethacin

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 151s-153s ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. McKenzie ◽  
E. Reisin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Serum Aldosterone ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Inactive Renin ◽  
Marked Suppression

1. Six essential hypertensive patients (five with low renin) were treated in successive weeks with placebo; hydrochlorothiazide 100 mg (382 μmol)/day; hydrochlorothiazide and 50 mmol of sodium/day diet; hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mmol of sodium diet and propranolol 160 mg (544 μmol)/day; and hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mmol of sodium and indomethacin 100 mg (287 μmol)/day. 2. Although blood pressure remained unchanged and serum potassium fell on diuretic with or without low salt, there was a marked increase of active renin and a lesser increase of inactive renin, resulting in an increased proportion of active to total renin. 3. Propranolol decreased both active and inactive renin, but not significantly. 4. Indomethacin produced a marked suppression of active renin, a smaller reduction in inactive renin, and a reduction of the ratio of active to total renin almost to placebo values. 5. Blood pressure rose to control values on indomethacin despite the fall in renin whereas it fell with propranolol with little change in renin. 6. Serum aldosterone rose with stimulation but remained elevated despite effective renin suppression with indomethacin and continuing reduced serum potassium concentration.

scholarly journals SERUM MAGNESIUM AND HYPERTENSION

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
WALI MUHAMMAD MAHERI ◽  
MUHAMMAD ISHAQ ◽  
ISRAR AHMED AKHUND ◽  
Muhammad Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Uncomplicated Hypertension ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Mild Hypertensive

Background: Despite advances in the prevention and treatment of hypertension over the past decade, hypertension remains an important public health challenge. Recent efforts to reduce the prevalence of hypertension have been focused on non-pharmacologic means, specifically diet. An increased intake of magnesium has been shown in some but not all studies to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Decreased Serum magnesium levels are associated with development of hypertension. Aims: This study was planned to investigate relation of serum magnesium with blood pressure in patients with mild uncomplicated hypertension. Subjects & Methods: Study was conducted at LUMHS hospital Jamshoro and DHQ hospital charsadda for the period of six months. Fifty known cases of uncomplicated mild hypertensive patients were selected, same number of healthy controls were also examined. Results: When results were summed up and test parameters were compared, it was seen that no significant differences were found in serum magnesium levels among both groups, when compared statistically. Conclusion: Finally we conclude that no relation of magnesium with hypertension was observed. Suggestions: Much more work on wide scale population may be needed to clarify the idea. 

scholarly journals Association between Exercise and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Residents: A Meta-Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zhu Zhu ◽  
Wu Yan ◽  
Qiurun Yu ◽  
Peihao Wu ◽  
Francis Manyori Bigambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviour ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

Background. Exercise is recommended as an effective lifestyle behaviour for adults to prevent and treat hypertension. In this study, a randomized-effect meta-analysis was used to analyse the influence of exercise interventions on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Methods. Candidate papers were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases, and 46 studies were finally included and analysed. Results. It was shown that preplanned walking (systolic blood pressure (SBP): WMD (weighted mean difference) = −5.94, 95% CI: −8.57, −3.30; diastolic blood pressure (DBP): WMD = −2.66, 95% CI: −3.66, −1.67), yoga (SBP: WMD = −5.09, 95% CI: −9.28, −0.89; DBP: WMD = −3.06, 95% CI: −5.16, −0.96), aquatic sports (SBP WMD = −7.53, 95% CI: −11.40, −3.65; DBP: WMD = −5.35, 95% CI: −9.00, −1.69), and football (SBP: WMD = −6.06, 95% CI: −9.30, −2.82; DBP: WMD = −5.55, 95% CI: −8.98, −2.13) had significant effects on blood pressure reduction. However, Tai Chi (SBP: WMD = −8.31, 95% CI: −20.39, 3.77; DBP: WMD = −3.05, 95% CI: −6.96, 0.87) and Qigong (SBP: WMD = −4.34, 95% CI: −13.5, 4.82; DBP: WMD = −3.44, 95% CI: −7.89, 1.01) did not significantly reduce blood pressure. The heterogeneity of the meta-analysis was high. Conclusion. Walking, yoga, aquatic sports, and football were feasible and independent lifestyle interventions, and they were effective options for treating hypertension. More scientifically designed randomized controlled trials are needed in the future to further compare different forms of exercise for the treatment of hypertension.

scholarly journals Renal Denervation for Treating Resistant Hypertension: Current Evidence and Future Insights from a Global Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Castro Torres ◽  
Richard E. Katholi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Stage 1

Adequate blood pressure control represents an important goal for all physicians due to the complications of hypertension which reduce patients' quality of life. A new interventional strategy to reduce blood pressure has been developed for patients with resistant hypertension. Catheter-based renal denervation has demonstrated excellent results in recent investigations associated with few side effects. With the growing diffusion of this technique worldwide, some medical societies have published consensus statements to guide physicians how to best apply this procedure. Questions remain to be answered such as the long-term durability of renal denervation, the efficacy in patients with other sympathetically mediated diseases, and whether renal denervation would benefit patients with stage 1 hypertension.

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