Maternal body mass index increasing above 20 is associated with increased risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, neonatal death and postneonatal death

This study aims to investigate which maternal body mass index (BMI) categories are associated with the non-initiation or cessation of breastfeeding (BF) based on a quantitative review of the literature. We searched Ovid MEDLINE and EBSCO CINAHL for peer-reviewed articles published between 1946 (MEDLINE) or 1981 (CINAHL), and 2019. Selected studies were either cross-sectional or cohort studies, of healthy mothers and infants, that reported nutrition method (exclusive/full or any) and period (initiation/duration/cessation) of breastfeeding according to maternal BMI levels. Pairwise meta-analyses of 57 studies demonstrated that the pooled odds risks (OR) of not initiating BF among overweight and obese mothers compared to normal weight mothers were significant across 29 (OR 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15–1.54, I2 = 98%) and 26 studies (OR 1.61, 95% CI, 1.33–1.95, I2 = 99%), respectively; the pooled risks for BF cessation were inconsistent in overweight and obese mothers with substantial heterogeneity. However, we found that overweight mothers (n = 10, hazard ratio (HR) 1.16, 95% CI, 1.07–1.25; I2 = 23%) and obese mothers (n = 7, HR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.27–1.65; I2 = 44%) were both associated with an increased risk of not continuing any BF and exclusive BF, respectively. Overweight and obese mothers may be at increased risk of not initiating or the cessation of breastfeeding.

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Pre-gestational maternal body mass index predicts an increased risk of congenital malformations in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01492.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 775-781 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

M. L. Martinez-Frias ◽

J. P. Frias ◽

E. Bermejo ◽

E. Rodriguez-Pinilla ◽

L. Prieto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Body Mass ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Maternal Body ◽

Increased Risk

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Maternal body mass index, neonatal lung function and respiratory symptoms in childhood

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.00784-2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 1342-1349 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jacobien B. Eising ◽

Cuno S.P.M. Uiterwaal ◽

Cornelis K. van der Ent

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Lung Function ◽

Body Mass ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

First Year ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Maternal Body ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Neonatal Lung ◽

First Year Of Life

Recent studies have shown that maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of wheezing in the offspring. We assessed whether impaired neonatal lung function could explain this association.We measured neonatal lung function in 2606 children of our prospective birth cohort. Information about daily symptoms of wheezing was obtained using questionnaires. Consultations and prescriptions for wheezing illnesses were derived from general practitioner patient files.Higher maternal body mass index (BMI) was associated with increased risk of wheezing in the first year of life and more consultations and prescriptions for wheezing illnesses until the age of 5 years. Lung function could partially explain the association with wheezing in the first year of life. Adding respiratory resistance to the model decreased the incidence rate ratio from 1.023 (95% CI 1.008–1.039) to 1.015 (95% CI 0.998–1.032). Anthropometrics of the 5-year-olds largely explained the association with consultations. Intermediates or confounders could not explain the association with prescriptions.There is an association between higher maternal BMI and increased risk of wheezing illnesses. In the first year of life, it is largely explained by an impaired lung function in early life, especially in children of nonatopic mothers. At the age of 5 years, infant lung function is of minor influence in this association.

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Relationship between Maternal Body Mass Index and Obstetric and Perinatal Complications

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9030707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 707 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana Ballesta-Castillejos ◽

Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽

Julián Rodríguez-Almagro ◽

Inmaculada Ortiz-Esquinas ◽

Antonio Hernández-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Perinatal Complications ◽

Odds Ratios ◽

Maternal Body ◽

Type Iii ◽

Increased Risk

Over the past few decades, overweight and obesity have become a growing health problem of particular concern for women of reproductive age as obesity in pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of obstetric and neonatal complications. The objective of this study is to describe the incidence of obstetric and perinatal complications in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI) at the time prior to delivery within the Spanish Health System. For this purpose, a cross-sectional observational study was conducted aimed at women who have been mothers between 2013 and 2018 in Spain. Data were collected through an online survey of 42 items that was distributed through lactation associations and postpartum support groups. A total of 5871 women answered the survey, with a mean age of 33.9 years (SD = 4.26 years). In the data analysis, crude odds ratios (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated through a multivariate analysis. A linear relationship was observed between the highest BMI figures and the highest risk of cephalopelvic disproportion (AOR of 1.79 for obesity type III (95% CI: 1.06–3.02)), preeclampsia (AOR of 6.86 for obesity type III (3.01–15.40)), labor induction (AOR of 1.78 for obesity type III (95% CI: 1.16–2.74)), emergency C-section (AOR of 2.92 for obesity type III (95% CI: 1.68–5.08)), morbidity composite in childbirth (AOR of 3.64 for obesity type III (95% CI: 2.13–6.24)), and macrosomia (AOR of 6.06 for obesity type III (95% CI: 3.17–11.60)), as compared with women with normoweight. Women with a higher BMI are more likely to develop complications during childbirth and macrosomia.

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