scholarly journals Risk and protective factors associated with gang affiliation among high-risk youth: a public health approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Delfin McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gang Affiliation ◽  
High Risk Youth

scholarly journals Purpose in Life and Conscientiousness Protect Against the Development of Suicidal Ideation in U.S. Military Veterans With PTSD and MDD: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 247054701987217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Straus ◽  
Sonya B. Norman ◽  
Jessica C. Tripp ◽  
Michelle Pitts ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Purpose In Life ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Factors Associated

Background Although several studies have examined risk factors for suicidal ideation among veterans, little is known about risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation in high-risk veteran samples. Thus, this study examined a broad range of risk and protective factors associated with the development of suicidal ideation in a high-risk sample of U.S. veterans who screened positive for current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) . Methods Data were analyzed from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a nationally representative, prospective cohort study of U.S. veterans. Veterans completed self-report measures to screen for PTSD and MDD and to assess for risk and protective factors. The sample included 222 veterans with PTSD and/or MDD who did not endorse suicidal ideation at baseline and completed at least one assessment over a seven-year follow-up period. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine baseline factors associated with incident suicidal ideation. Results Nearly one in three (27.1%) of veterans with PTSD and/or MDD developed suicidal ideation over the seven-year follow-up period. Non-Caucasian race and lower scores on measures of purpose in life, conscientiousness, and frequency of religious service attendance were independently associated with incident suicidal ideation. Lower purpose in life (52.3%) and conscientiousness (33.2%) explained the vast majority of variance in incident suicidal ideation. Conclusion Nearly 30% of veterans with PTSD and/or MDD who did not endorse suicidal ideation at baseline developed suicidal ideation over a seven-year period. Prevention and treatment efforts designed to bolster purpose in life and conscientiousness may help mitigate risk for suicidal ideation in this high-risk population.

Risk, Protection, and Substance Use in Adolescents: A Multi-Site Model

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Sale ◽  
Soledad Sambrano ◽  
J. Fred Springer ◽  
Charles W. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
School Connectedness ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Individual Substance ◽  
High Risk Youth

This article reports findings from a national longitudinal cross-site evaluation of high-risk youth to clarify the relationships between risk and protective factors and substance use. Using structural equation modeling, baseline data on 10,473 youth between the ages of 9 and 18 in 48 high-risk communities around the nation are analyzed. Youth were assessed on substance use (cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use), external risk factors including family, school, peer and neighborhood influences, and individual risk and protective factors including self-control, family connectedness, and school connectedness. Findings indicate strong direct relationships between peer and parental substance use norms and substance use. Individual protective factors, particularly family and school connectedness were strong mediators of individual substance use. These findings suggest that multi-dimensional prevention programming stressing the fostering of conventional anti-substance use attitudes among parents and peers, the importance of parental supervision, and development of strong connections between youth and their family, peers, and school may be most effective in preventing and reducing substance use patterns among high-risk youth.

scholarly journals Pacific Islands Families Study: Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Delinquent Behaviour in Pacific 11-Year-Olds

Psychology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (07) ◽  
pp. 953-964
Author(s):  
Janis Paterson ◽  
El-Shadan Tautolo ◽  
Leon Iusitini ◽  
Steve Taylor ◽  
Richard Siegert
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Delinquent Behaviour ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Risk and Protective Factors for Suicide Attempt Among Indigenous Māori Youth in New Zealand: The Role of Family Connection

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terryann C. Clark ◽  
Elizabeth Robinson ◽  
Sue Crengle ◽  
Theresa Fleming ◽  
Shanthi Ameratunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Family Connection

The purpose of this study was to (1) describe risk and protective factors associated with a suicide attempt for Māori youth and (2) explore whether family connection moderates the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicide attempts for Māori youth. Secondary analysis was conducted with 1702 Māori young people aged 12–18 years from an anonymous representative national school-based survey of New Zealand (NZ) youth in 2001. A logistic regression and a multivariable model were developed to identify risk and protective factors associated with suicide attempt. An interaction term was used to identify whether family connection acts as a moderator between depressive symptoms and a suicide attempt. Risk factors from the logistic regression for a suicide attempt in the past year were depressive symptoms (OR = 4.3, p < 0.0001), having a close friend or family member commit suicide (OR = 4.2, p < 0.0001), being 12–15 years old (reference group: 16–18 years) (OR = 2.7, p < 0.0001), having anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.3, p = 0.0073), witnessing an adult hit another adult or a child in the home (OR = 1.8, p = 0.001), and being uncomfortable in NZ European social surroundings (OR = 1.7, p = 0.0040). Family connection was associated with fewer suicide attempts (OR = 0.9, p = 0.0002), but this factor did not moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicide attempt (χ2 = 2.84, df = 1, p = 0.09). Family connection acts as a compensatory mechanism to reduce the risk of suicide attempts for Māori students with depressive symptoms, not as a moderating variable.

Risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation in veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom

2010 ◽  
Vol 123 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Pietrzak ◽  
Marc B. Goldstein ◽  
James C. Malley ◽  
Alison J. Rivers ◽  
Douglas C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Iraqi Freedom

scholarly journals Elderly suicide rates: the importance of a non-linear relationship with distal risk and protective factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1363-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Shah ◽  
Ravi Bhat ◽  
Sofia Zarate-Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
National Study ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Suicide Rates

The elderly population size is increasing worldwide due to prolonged life expectancy and falling birth rates. Traditionally, suicide rates increase with age. For example, a recent cross-national study of 62 developing and developed countries reported an increase in suicide rates with aging in males and females in 25 and 27 countries respectively (Shah, 2007a). Thus, suicides in the elderly are an important public health concern. While much is known about proximal (individual level) risk and protective factors for elderly suicides (e.g. Conwell et al., 1991; Cattell and Jolley, 1995; Harwood et al., 2001), less is known about more distal (societal or population level) risk and protective factors (Rehkopf and Buka, 2006). Moreover, detailed knowledge of these distal factors may have greater public health relevance for the development of comprehensive prevention strategies (Knox et al., 2004).

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