118 Sexual violence perpetration among emerging adults: event-based findings from a national sample

Dating violence (DV) and sexual violence (SV) are widespread problems among adolescents and emerging adults. A growing body of literature demonstrates that exposure to sexually explicit media (SEM) and sexually violent media (SVM) may be risk factors for DV and SV. The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic and comprehensive literature review on the impact of exposure to SEM and SVM on DV and SV attitudes and behaviors. A total of 43 studies utilizing adolescent and emerging adult samples were reviewed, and collectively the findings suggest that (1) exposure to SEM and SVM is positively related to DV and SV myths and more accepting attitudes toward DV and SV; (2) exposure to SEM and SVM is positively related to actual and anticipated DV and SV victimization, perpetration, and bystander nonintervention; (3) SEM and SVM more strongly impact men’s DV and SV attitudes and behaviors than women’s DV and SV attitudes and behaviors; and (4) preexisting attitudes related to DV and SV and media preferences moderate the relationship between SEM and SVM exposure and DV and SV attitudes and behaviors. Future studies should strive to employ longitudinal and experimental designs, more closely examine the mediators and moderators of SEM and SVM exposure on DV and SV outcomes, focus on the impacts of SEM and SVM that extend beyond men’s use of violence against women, and examine the extent to which media literacy programs could be used independently or in conjunction with existing DV and SV prevention programs to enhance effectiveness of these programming efforts.

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Rates of violence Perpetration and victimization in Cohorts of Middle and High- School Students During a Sexual violence Prevention Initiative: A longitudinal Analysis

Journal of School Violence ◽

10.1080/15388220.2021.1984934 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Emily A. Waterman ◽

Katie M. Edwards ◽

Victoria L. Banyard

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Violence Prevention ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Longitudinal Analysis ◽

School Students ◽

Sexual Violence Prevention ◽

Violence Perpetration

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Sexual Violence Perpetration as a Risk Factor for Current Depression or Posttraumatic Symptoms in Adolescents

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520908028 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052090802 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy L. Meadows ◽

Ann L. Coker ◽

Heather M. Bush ◽

Emily R. Clear ◽

Ginny Sprang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High School Students ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Public High School ◽

School Students ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

The Past ◽

Violence Perpetration

Sexual violence perpetration (SVP), including coerced, physically forced, and alcohol- or drug-facilitated unwanted sex, occurs frequently in adolescence and may represent a risk factor for future perpetration. Sexual violence victimization (SVV) has been found to be a risk factor for increased rates of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the associations of SVP with depression or posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) have been less well described. This study examined associations between symptoms of depression and PTSS with SVP in the prior 12 months among high school students. In this cross-sectional analysis, a representative sample of public high school students (ninth–12th grades) completed self-reported surveys on peer SVP and SVV within the past year. Among 16,784 students completing surveys, 7.2% disclosed SVP against another high school student in the past 12 months; 64.4% of students disclosing SVP also experienced SVV. Both SVP and SVV, alone or in combination, were associated with a greater likelihood of symptoms of depression or PTSS. These associations were similar by sex and sexual minority status (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer [LGBTQ+]). These findings highlight the need for continued primary prevention efforts. Additional screening to recognize adolescent SVP can allow both early treatment of depression and PTSD and address the individual risks of SVP to reduce subsequent repeated sexual assaults.

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Stealthing Perpetration and Victimization: Prevalence and Correlates Among Emerging Adults

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260519888519 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 088626051988851

Author(s):

Erin E. Bonar ◽

Quyen M. Ngo ◽

Meredith L. Philyaw-Kotov ◽

Maureen A. Walton ◽

Yasamin Kusunoki

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Drug Use ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Illegal Drug ◽

White Race ◽

Illegal Drug Use ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Hispanic White

“Stealthing” is a form of sexual violence wherein a sexual partner purposefully removes a condom during penetration without the receptive partner’s knowledge. Given the role of substance use in sexual violence broadly, we examined demographic and substance use correlates of stealthing perpetration (SP) and victimization (SV) among emerging adults. Participants comprised 2,550 18- to 25-year-olds ( M age = 20.8, SD = 2.3), recruited via social media (48% female; 53.9% non-Hispanic White; 46.0% had another racial/ethnic identity; 67.4% heterosexual; 85.3% had some college education). Unadjusted analyses ( t tests, χ2 analysis) and adjusted logistic regression analyses examined associations between demographics (age, education, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation) and substance use (binge drinking, marijuana use, other illegal drug use, and prescription drug misuse) with male SP and male and female SV. Five percent of males and 18.9% of females reported SV; 6.1% of males reported SP. In adjusted analyses, significant correlates of SP were: non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39), binge drinking (OR = 1.39), cannabis use (OR = 1.37), and other drug use (OR = 1.43). Significant correlates of male SV were: non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (OR = 0.28), non-heterosexual orientation (OR = 0.24), binge drinking (OR = 1.49), and other illegal drug use (OR = 1.79). Significant correlates of female SV were: older age (OR = 1.13), non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity (OR = 0.57), binge drinking (OR = 1.28), cannabis use (OR = 1.29), and other drug use (OR = 1.22). Consistent with literature linking alcohol to sexual violence, binge drinking correlated with both SV and SP, with other substance use also playing a role. Data are needed to explore these relationships using longitudinal, event-level assessments to investigate the influence of acute intoxication. Interventions to reduce sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and sexual assault should include content on stealthing and substance use.

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