Towards better understanding of giant cell granulomas of the oral cavity

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2020-206858
Author(s):  
Atif Ahmed ◽  
Aparna Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Giant Cell Tumour ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Recent Insight

Giant cell granulomas are enigmatic lesions of the oral cavity characterised by a peculiar combined proliferation of mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells in a mesenchymal stromal background. Central and peripheral giant cell granulomas may have similar pathogenesis and histology but differ in their location and biological behaviour. It is important to differentiate them from other giant cell lesions that can occur in the oral cavity, such as giant cell tumour of the bone, aneurysmal bone cyst, brown tumour of hyperparathyroidism, and giant cell lesions of Ramon syndrome, Noonan syndrome, neurofibromatosis and Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome. A recent insight into their molecular genetics and pathogenesis, with identification of KRAS, FGFR1 and TRPV4 mutations, allows for better diagnostic differentiation and opens the door to the use of pathway inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent or dysmorphic lesions. In this review, we provide an updated summary of the clinical and pathological features of oral cavity giant cell granulomas that help with their precise diagnosis and management.

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumour arising from the kidney in a dog

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Haziroglu ◽  
O. Kul ◽  
R. Tunca ◽  
T. Guvenc
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Giant Cell Tumour ◽  
Left Kidney ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Staining ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Visceral Organ

In this study, a case of osteoclast-like giant cell tumour arising from the kidney is reported in an eight-year-old female Anatolian Shepherd dog. Macroscopically, the tumorous mass covered the hilus of the left kidney. It was 26×22×12 cm in size and 3700 g in weight. Metastatic tumorous nodules, 0.5-2.0 cm in diameter, were found on the abdominal side of the diaphragm and in the lungs. Microscopically, numerous large osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells and spindle-spheroidal-shaped cells were seen. Osteoblastic differentiation and osteoid matrix were noted in a few areas at the periphery of the tumour, near the connective tissue septa. The stroma of the tumour tissue was vascular, oedematous and loose. By immunoperoxidase staining, tumour cells showed immunoreactivity for vimentin but not for keratin and desmin, indicating that the tumour had mesenchymal origin. This is the first report in the literature on a malignant osteoclast-like giant cell tumour arising from a visceral organ in animals.

CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF JOINT DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE-TYPE TENOSYNOVIAL GIANT CELL TUMOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena O Dyadyk ◽  
Anastasiia Hryhorovska
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Association Coefficient ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor

Introduction: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT) (synonym – pigmented villonodular synovitis) – is a rare benign proliferative lesion of the synovial sheath, localized in the joint capsule, bursa or tendon sheath and characterized by locally destructive growth. Depending on the prevalence within the joint elements, the presence of a capsule around the tumor, histophotographic features of cell structure and clinical behavior TSGCT can be divided to localized or diffuse type. The aim of the study was researching of histopathological properties of diffuse-type TSGCT, determine the parameters its morphological indicators and to find out the correlation between these morphological and clinical parameters. Materials and methods: The research material was used biopsy (resect) of pathological lesions from 50 patients who were diagnosed and histologically verified diffuse-type TSGCT. Microscopic examinations of the stained sections and their photo archiving were carried out with use of a Olympus-CX 41 light optical microscope. Group measurable parameters (mean values and Pearson tetrachoric index (association coefficient) were calculated in groups of comparison for morphological and clinical indices of TSGCT. The mean values were compared by Student’s test, P value of ≤0.1 was considered statistically significant. Results:Correlation analysis of indicators that accounted for the pairs of cases «clinic – morphology» revealed the relationships, that had the highest parameters of the association coefficient between such indicators: «presence of villous growths» - «severity of hemosiderosis» (if hypertrophied synovial villi available, with vascular injection and pronounced proliferation of synovial cells, there is also a significant accumulation of hemosiderin pigment); «presence of villous growths» - «type of predominant cellular proliferates» (if cells of TSGCT diffuse type consists of monotonous sheets of stromal cells, with uniform, oval to reniform nuclei, the proliferation of villi in synovial layer is non-distinctive); «presence of nodes» - «kind of stroma» (if nodes predominate, their histological structure is mainly represented by polymorphic clusters of synovitis cells in the form of cells, strands, chains, solid formations, among immature connective tissue with low hyalinosis); «cell size (area, cm²)» - «severity of haemosiderosis» and «cell size (area, cm²)» - «the number of multinucleated giant cells» (there is a pronounced deposition of pigment and accumulation of osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells type, although usually their number is relatively small compared to the localized type of TSGCT). Conclusions: Morphological parameters, that we have identified, characterize pathological changes in the tissues of TSGCT; careful analysis of the frequency of their occurrence in the different comparison groups made it possible to establish intergroup differences and correlations between individual indicators, which were previously unknown or not obvious. Our study was determine to analyze of incidence rates and correlation relationships, revealed some previously unknown differences and dependencies that are important for understanding the pathogenesis, improvement of diagnosis and prognosis of diffuse-type TSGCT.

Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Larynx Presenting With Hypoglottic Obstruction

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Duilio Della Libera ◽  
Gillian Redlich ◽  
Lucia Bittesini ◽  
Giovanni Falconieri
Keyword(s):  
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Osteoid Tissue ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Apparent Relationship

Abstract We report a new case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the larynx occurring in a 22-year-old man. The lesion manifested with progressive breathing discomfort and appeared as a polypoid pedunculated mass attached to the subglottic mucosa. Microscopically, it featured numerous mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells surrounding cavernous spaces filled with blood. Foci of proliferating spindle cells and mature osteoid tissue could be recognized. There was no apparent relationship with the cricoid perichondrium. Clinical follow-up was negative for local recurrence. Based on this report and a review of the literature, we conclude that aneurysmal bone cyst of the larynx is phenotypically comparable to its bone homologue; however, its microscopic recognition may be difficult, especially on small biopsy fragments. Since it can be confused with several lesions, including telangiectatic osteosarcoma, awareness of this rare appearance of aneurysmal bone cyst is important to avoid unnecessary radical surgery.

scholarly journals Giant Cell Fibroma of Tongue: Understanding the Nature of an Unusual Histopathological Entity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjari Ghate Sonalika ◽  
Anshuta Sahu ◽  
Suryakant C. Deogade ◽  
Pushkar Gupta ◽  
Dinesh Naitam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Basic Process ◽  
Broad Category ◽  
Histopathological Features

Giant cell fibroma (GCF) is a rare case with unique histopathology. It belongs to the broad category of fibrous hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity. It is often mistaken with fibroma and papilloma due to its clinical resemblance. Only its peculiar histopathological features help us to distinguish it from them. The origin of the giant cell is still controversial. Data available is very sparse to predict the exact behavior. Hence, we report a case of GCF of tongue in a 19-year-old male. Special emphasis is given to understand the basic process of development of the lesion, nature of giant cells, and also the need for formation of these peculiar cells. Briefly, the differential diagnosis for GCF is tabulated.

scholarly journals Palatal Swelling: A Diagnostic Enigma

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ramalingam Suganya ◽  
Narasimhan Malathi ◽  
Harikrishnan Thamizhchelvan ◽  
Subramaniam Ramkumar ◽  
G. V. V. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Periosteal Reaction ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Lytic Lesion ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Bony Lesion ◽  
Primary Neoplasm ◽  
Type Giant

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a giant-cell-rich bony lesion associated with abundant multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells. It is a primary neoplasm of bone with characteristic clinical, radiological, and pathological features. It is an expansive and lytic lesion without periosteal reaction and prominent peripheral sclerosis. Giant cells are also seen in other diseases like giant cell granuloma of the jaws, traumatic bone cyst, aneurysmal bone cyst, and jaw tumor of hyperparathyroidism. We present a unique case of GCT of palate in a 30-year-old female.

scholarly journals A rare coexistence of central giant cell granuloma and parathyroid adenoma: Case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Rohini Sebastian ◽  
Meethu Rappai
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Parathyroid Adenoma ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Central Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Bony Lesion

Central giant cell granuloma is a reparative bony lesion characterised by abundant multinucleated giant cells within a sea of spindle shaped mesenchymal stromal cells. Giant cells are scattered throughout the fibrovascular connective tissue stroma containing hemorrhage. Its coexistence with parathyroid adenoma is very rare. Brown tumour is a close differential in this scenario. Herein we present the case of a central giant cell granuloma of maxilla and parathyroid adenoma diagnosed almost during the same time in a 58 years old male.

scholarly journals Annular Elastolytic Giant Cell Granuloma - A Rare Case with Systemic Involvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-491
Author(s):  
Suchibrata Das ◽  
Joyeeta Chowdhury ◽  
Sangita Patra ◽  
Arun Achar
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Giant Cell Granuloma ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Exposed Skin

Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous dermatosis characterized by loss of elastic fibers and elastophagocytosis by multinucleated giant cells. It is characterized by annular plaques that are similar to those observed in granuloma annulare but that specifically appear in sun-exposed skin and occurs more commonly in females than males. There have been reported cases of AEGCG associated with diabetes mellitus, systemic sarcoidosis, cutaneous amyloidosis, molluscum contagiosum, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. We report a case of AEGCG in both sun-exposed as well as covered areas of a middle aged lady with hepatic nodules and Barret’s esophagus.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.488-491

scholarly journals Giant cell tumor of bone in an eighteenth-century Italian mummy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ventura ◽  
Enrico Petrella ◽  
Sara Piciucchi ◽  
Elisabetta Cilli ◽  
Donata Luiselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Left Femur

AbstractGiant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing neoplasm. It is composed of neoplastic mononuclear stromal cells with a monotonous appearance admixed with macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. In a small subset of cases, GCT is malignant. Terminology previously related to this entity, and which is no longer supported by the World Health Organization, includes osteoclastoma and benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH). Giant cells occur in numerous other pathologic conditions of the bone, which accounts for the misrepresentation of these non-GCT tumors in the early literature. Non-ossifying fibroma (NOF), aneurysmal bone cyst, and chondroblastoma have been erroneously labeled GCT for this reason. A single description of an ancient GCT was reported by Brothwell and Sandison and subsequently mentioned by Aufderheide and Rodrìguez-Martìn who were astonished that more of these tumors had not been identified in archaeological cases. To the best of our knowledge, no other cases of ancient GCT have been cited in the paleopathology literature. The study of this type of neoplasm in antiquity can be used as a means to better understand its characteristics and behavior and to expand the depth of time of the etiology of these lesions. We report a case of GCT of the left femur observed following the total body CT imaging of a partially mummified adult female, dating to eighteenth century.

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