Peripheral blood culture contamination in adults and venepuncture technique: prospective cohort study

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Qamruddin ◽  
N Khanna ◽  
D Orr
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Peripheral Blood Culture ◽  
Protocol Compliance ◽  
Hospital Protocol

Aims:To test the hypothesis that compliance with a hospital protocol on peripheral blood culture (PBC) collection in adults is associated with a reduction in PBC contamination, and to investigate likely contributing factors for contamination.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted, utilising data collection by participant questionnaire completion, and utilising bacteriology laboratory results on PBCs. Participants were all healthcare workers involved in obtaining PBCs from adults.Results:1460 PBCs with questionnaires were received. Contamination among the 1460 PBCs as a whole was 8.8%. 766 of the questionnaires were sufficiently complete to allow analysis of blood culture contamination in relation to protocol compliance. Among these, protocol compliance was 30% and contamination was 8.0%. When the protocol was complied with, 2.6% of PBCs were contaminated, but when the protocol was not followed, contamination was significantly higher at 10.3% (OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.84 to 12.54). Univariate analysis on all 1460 PBCs suggested that the site for blood collection, and disinfection of the venepuncture site were important factors in PBC contamination: when no venepuncture site disinfection was performed, contamination was significantly higher than when alcohol was used (5.1% versus 15.8%, OR 3.46, 95% CI 2.01 to 5.97); when a PBC collection site other than a fresh peripheral vein was used, contamination was significantly higher (7.3% versus 12.0%, OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.96).Conclusions:Compliance with a hospital protocol on PBC collection technique in adults significantly reduces blood culture contamination.

The Shapiro–Procalcitonin algorithm (SPA) as a decision tool for blood culture sampling: validation in a prospective cohort study

Infection ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-533
Author(s):  
Géraldine Wyss ◽  
Silvia Berger ◽  
Sebastian Haubitz ◽  
Hans Fankhauser ◽  
Ulrich Buergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Decision Tool

scholarly journals LO25: How safe are our pediatric emergency departments? A multicentre, prospective cohort study

CJEM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (S1) ◽  
pp. S36
Author(s):  
A. Plint ◽  
L. Calder ◽  
Z. Cantor ◽  
M. Aglipay ◽  
A.S. Stang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Initial Location ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
Clinical Consequences

Introduction: Data regarding adverse events (AEs) (unintended harm to the patient from health care provided) among children seen in the emergency department (ED) are scarce despite the high risk setting and population. The objective of our study was to estimate the risk and type of AEs, and their preventability and severity, among children treated in pediatric EDs. Methods: Our prospective cohort study enrolled children <18 years of age presenting for care during 21 randomized 8 hr-shifts at 9 pediatric EDs from Nov 2014 to October 2015. Exclusion criteria included unavailability for follow-up or insurmountable language barrier. RAs collected demographic, medical history, ED course, and systems level data. At day 7, 14, and 21 a RA administered a structured telephone interview to all patients to identify flagged outcomes (e.g. repeat ED visits, worsening/new symptoms, etc). A validated trigger tool was used to screen admitted patients’ health records. For any patients with a flagged outcome or trigger, 3 ED physicians independently determined if an AE occurred. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients with an AE related to ED care within 3 weeks of their ED visit. Results: We enrolled 6377 (72.0%) of 8855 eligible patients; 545 (8.5%) were lost to follow-up. Median age was 4.4 years (range 3 months to 17.9 yrs). Eight hundred and seventy seven (13.8%) were triaged as CTAS 1 or 2, 2638 (41.4%) as CTAS 3, and 2839 (44.7%) as CTAS 4 or 5. Top entrance complaints were fever (11.2%) and cough (8.8%). Flagged outcomes/triggers were identified for 2047 (32.1%) patients. While 252 (4.0%) patients suffered at least one AE within 3 weeks of ED visit, 163 (2.6%) suffered an AE related to ED care. In total, patients suffered 286 AEs, most (67.9%) being preventable. The most common AE types were management issues (32.5%) and procedural complications (21.9%). The need for a medical intervention (33.9%) and another ED visit (33.9%) were the most frequent clinical consequences. In univariate analysis, older age, chronic conditions, hospital admission, initial location in high acuity area of the ED, having >1 ED MD or a consultant involved in care, (all p<0.001) and longer length of stay (p<0.01) were associated with AEs. Conclusion: While our multicentre study found a lower risk of AEs among pediatric ED patients than reported among pediatric inpatients and adult ED patients, a high proportion of these AEs were preventable.

scholarly journals Detection of mammaglobin mRNA in peripheral blood is associated with high grade breast cancer: Interim results of a prospective cohort study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaidi Mikhitarian ◽  
Renee Hebert Martin ◽  
Megan Baker Ruppel ◽  
William E Gillanders ◽  
Rana Hoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
High Grade

scholarly journals Prevalence of chronic chikungunya and associated risks factors in the French West Indies (La Martinique). A prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertolotti Antoine ◽  
Thioune Marême ◽  
Abel Sylvie ◽  
Belrose Gilda ◽  
Calmont Isabelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adequate Hydration

AbstractBackgroundThe chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging alphavirus that can cause chronic rheumatic musculoskeletal disorders, named chronic chikungunya (CHIKC+), which may be long-term incapacitating. A chikungunya outbreak occurred in 2013 in La Martinique. We constituted the first prospective cohort study of CHIKV-infected subjects in the Caribbean to assess the prevalence of CHIKC+ at 12 months and to search for factors present at the acute stage significantly associated with chronicity.Methodology/Principal findingsA total of 193 patients who tested positive for RT-PCR CHIKV, were submitted to clinical investigations in the acute phase (<21 days), and 3, 6, and 12 months after their inclusion. A total of 167 participants could be classified as either suffering or not from CHIKC+. They were analyzed using logistic regression models. At 12 months, the overall prevalence of CHIKC+ was 52.1% (95%CI: 44.5-59.7). In univariate analysis, age (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02-1.07; p=0.0003), being male (OR: 0.51; 95%CI: 0.27-0.98; p=0.04), headache (OR: 1.90; 95%CI: 1.02-3.56; p=0.04), vertigo (OR: 2.06; 95%CI: 1.05-4.03; p=0.04), vomiting (OR: 2.51; 95%CI: 1.07-5.87; p = 0.03), urea (OR: 1.33; 95%CI: 1.05-1.70; p=0.02) were associated with CHIKC+. In final multivariate logistic regression models for 167 participants, predictors of CHIKC+ were age (OR 1.06; 95%CI: 1.03-1.08; p<0.0001), male sex (OR: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.19-0.84; p=0.015), vertigo (OR: 2.46; 95%CI: 1.16-5.20; p=0.019), hypotension (OR 4.72; 95% -CI: 1.19-18.79; p=0.028), recoloration time >3 seconds (OR: 3.79; 95%-CI: 1.01-14.25).ConclusionsThis cohort study in La Martinique confirms that CHIKC+ is a frequent complication of acute chikungunya disease. Analysis emphasized the importance of age and female sex for CHIKC occurrence, and pointed out the potential aggravating role of dehydration at the acute phase. Early and adequate hydration could reduce the risk chronic chikungunya disorders.Author SummaryChikungunya is a mosquito-borne virus found in tropical countries that has been re-emerging in the last decade. It has caused major epidemics in recent years, such as in Reunion Island and in Southeast Asia. Nearly 2.5 billion people around the world are at risk of contracting the virus. During the acute phase of the illness, patients experience a flu-like syndrome with fever, headache, myalgia, rash, and severe arthralgia. These symptoms can persist for several months in some patients, and can lead to significant functional disability. During the 2013 epidemic in Martinique, we followed nearly 200 patients who had contracted chikungunya. More than half of the patients had a chronic form of the disease—mainly women over 50 years of age. Our statistical analyses indicate that poor hydration during the acute phase may be a risk factor for developing chronic rheumatism. Therefore, in the context of a chikungunya epidemic, it seems important to encourage patients to drink plenty of fluids as soon as the first symptoms appear.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 responsive T cell numbers are associated with protection from COVID-19: A prospective cohort study in keyworkers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wyllie ◽  
Ranya Mulchandani ◽  
Hayley E Jones ◽  
Sian Taylor-Phillips ◽  
Tim Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immune Correlates

AbstractBackgroundImmune correlates of protection from COVID-19 are important, but incompletely understood.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in 2,826 participants working in hospitals and Fire and Police services in England, UK during the pandemic(ISRCTN5660922). Of these, 2,672 were unselected volunteers recruited irrespective of previous SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test results, and 154 others were recruited separately specifically because they previously tested positive. At recruitment in June 2020, we measured numbers of interferon-γ secreting, SARS-CoV-2 responsive T cells using T-SPOT®Discovery SARS-CoV-2 kits (Oxford Immunotec Ltd), and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 proteins using commercial immunoassays. We then described time to microbiologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, stratified by immunological parameters.ResultsT cells responsive to the spike (S), nuclear (N) and membrane proteins (M) dominated the responses measured. Using the sum of the spots (responsive cells within each well of 250,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells) for S, N and M antigens minus the control, the 2,672 unselected participants were divided into those with higher responses (n=669, 25.4%; median 30 spots (IQR 18,54)) and those with low responses (n=2016, 76.7%, median 3 (IQR 1,6)), the cutoff we derived being 12 spots. Of the participants with higher T cell responses, 367 (53%) had detectable antibodies against the N or S proteins. During a median of 118 days follow-up, 20 participants with lower T cell responses developed COVID-19, compared with none in the population with high T cell responses (log-rank test, p=6×10−3).ConclusionsPeripheral blood SARS-CoV-2 responsive T cell numbers are associated with risk of developing COVID-19.

ROLE OF CD163+ TUMOUR ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES IN PROGNOSTICATION OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED OF HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-10
Author(s):  
Akshay Sharma ◽  
Anshu Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Advanced Stages

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) constitutes around 30% of all lymphomas . IPS is used for the risk stratication of advanced stage HL but it lack applicability to the early stage cases ..In this prospective cohort study, we aim to conrm the relationship between CD68+TumourAssociated macrophages with treatment response (interim as well as end of treatment) of HL treated with the standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. A total of 50 patients were recruited over a period of 18 months and the patients were followed up in the hematology clinic and interim treatment responses as well as end of treatment response were assessed. Correlation of the CD163+Tumour Associated Macrophages and the treatment response showed that the Higher Percentages of CD163+Tumour Associated Macrophages were associated with more advanced stages.. Univariate analysis showed that there was no signicant correlation of interim treatment response as well as end of treatment response with CD163+Tumour Associated macrophages levels .

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document