Cause-specific mortality in Swedish males diagnosed with non-psychotic mental disorders in late adolescence: a prospective population-based study

BackgroundWhile risk of premature death is most pronounced among persons with severe mental illness, also milder conditions are associated with increased all-cause mortality. We examined non-psychotic mental (NPM) disorders and specific causes of natural death in a cohort of late adolescent men followed for up to 46 years.MethodsProspective cohort study of Swedish males (n=1 784 626) who took part in structured conscription interviews 1968–2005. 74 525 men were diagnosed with NPM disorders at or prior to conscription. Median follow-up time was 26 years. HRs for cause-specific mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsRisks in fully adjusted models were particularly elevated for death by infectious diseases (depressive and neurotic/adjustment disorders (HR 2.07; 95% CI 1.60 to 2.67), personality disorders (HR 2.90; 95% CI 1.96 to 4.28) and alcohol-related and other substance use disorders (HR 9.02; 95% CI 6.63 to 12.27)) as well as by gastrointestinal causes (depressive and neurotic/adjustment disorders (HR 1.64; 95% CI 1.42 to 1.89), personality disorders (HR 2.77; 95% CI 2.27 to 3.38) and alcohol-related/substance use disorders (HR 4.41; 95% CI 3.59 to 5.42)).ConclusionYoung men diagnosed with NPM disorders had a long-term increased mortality risk, in particular due to infectious and gastrointestinal conditions. These findings highlight the importance of early preventive actions for adolescents with mental illness.

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Total and cause-specific mortality in patients with personality disorders: the association between comorbid severe mental illness and substance use disorders

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s00127-021-02055-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anne Høye ◽

Bjarne K. Jacobsen ◽

Jørgen G. Bramness ◽

Ragnar Nesvåg ◽

Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Young Female ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards Models

Abstract Purpose To investigate the mortality in both in- and outpatients with personality disorders (PD), and to explore the association between mortality and comorbid substance use disorder (SUD) or severe mental illness (SMI). Methods All residents admitted to Norwegian in- and outpatient specialist health care services during 2009–2015 with a PD diagnosis were included. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in patients with PD only and in patients with PD and comorbid SMI or SUD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs in patients with PD and comorbid SMI or SUD compared to patients with PD only. Results Mortality was increased in both in- and outpatients with PD. The overall SMR was 3.8 (95% CI 3.6–4.0). The highest SMR was estimated for unnatural causes of death (11.0, 95% CI 10.0–12.0), but increased also for natural causes of death (2.2, 95% CI 2.0–2.5). Comorbidity was associated with higher SMRs, particularly due to poisoning and suicide. Patients with comorbid PD & SUD had almost four times higher all-cause mortality HR than patients with PD only; young women had the highest HR. Conclusion The SMR was high in both in- and outpatients with PD, and particularly high in patients with comorbid PD & SUD. Young female patients with PD & SUD were at highest risk. The higher mortality in patients with PD cannot, however, fully be accounted for by comorbidity.

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Correction to: Total and cause-specific mortality in patients with personality disorders: the association between comorbid severe mental illness and substance use disorders

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s00127-021-02124-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anne Høye ◽

Bjarne K. Jacobsen ◽

Jørgen G. Bramness ◽

Ragnar Nesvåg ◽

Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Specific Mortality

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The Prevalence of Co-Occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders in Jails

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e680792012-001 ◽

2004 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders

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Association of mushroom consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among American adults: prospective cohort study findings from NHANES III

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-021-00691-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Djibril M. Ba ◽

Xiang Gao ◽

Joshua Muscat ◽

Laila Al-Shaar ◽

Vernon Chinchilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lower Risk ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Total Mortality ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Nhanes Iii ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Specific Mortality

Abstract Background Whether mushroom consumption, which is rich in several bioactive compounds, including the crucial antioxidants ergothioneine and glutathione, is inversely associated with low all-cause and cause-specific mortality remains uncertain. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the association between mushroom consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. Methods Longitudinal analyses of participants from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) extant data (1988–1994). Mushroom intake was assessed by a single 24-h dietary recall using the US Department of Agriculture food codes for recipe foods. All-cause and cause-specific mortality were assessed in all participants linked to the National Death Index mortality data (1988–2015). We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results Among 15,546 participants included in the current analysis, the mean (SE) age was 44.3 (0.5) years. During a mean (SD) follow-up duration of 19.5 (7.4) years , a total of 5826 deaths were documented. Participants who reported consuming mushrooms had lower risk of all-cause mortality compared with those without mushroom intake (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.98) after adjusting for demographic, major lifestyle factors, overall diet quality, and other dietary factors including total energy. When cause-specific mortality was examined, we did not observe any statistically significant associations with mushroom consumption. Consuming 1-serving of mushrooms per day instead of 1-serving of processed or red meats was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.50–0.84). We also observed a dose-response relationship between higher mushroom consumption and lower risk of all-cause mortality (P-trend = 0.03). Conclusion Mushroom consumption was associated with a lower risk of total mortality in this nationally representative sample of US adults.

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Concurrent substance use disorders and mental illness: Bridging the gap between research and treatment.

Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne ◽

10.1037/cap0000093 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 50-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Shari A. McKee

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders

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Co-Occurring Severe Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders: A Review of Recent Research

Psychiatric Services ◽

10.1176/ps.50.11.1427 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 50 (11) ◽

pp. 1427-1434 ◽

Cited By ~ 195

Author(s):

Jill RachBeisel ◽

Jack Scott ◽

Lisa Dixon

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use Disorders

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Theoretical substitutions between dairy products and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Results from the Danish diet, cancer and health cohort

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521002464 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Anne Sofie D. Laursen ◽

Anne L. Thomsen ◽

Anne Beck ◽

Kim Overvad ◽

Marianne U. Jakobsen

Keyword(s):

Cancer Mortality ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Dairy Product ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Low Fat ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Optimal Health

Abstract A daily intake of dairy products is recommended in many countries in order to maintain optimal health throughout life. However, evidence regarding the association between intake of individual dairy products and mortality is limited. We therfore, explored associations between intake of different dairy products and all-cause and cause-specific mortality using specified theoretical substitution analyses. We analysed data from 55 775 Danish men and women aged 50–64 years between 1993 and 1997. Information about dairy product intake at baseline was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Information about vital status and causes of death was obtained through national registers. Measures of associations were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression. During a median follow-up of 19·0 years, 11 586 participants died. For all-cause mortality, we observed that the intake of low-fat milk, whole-fat milk or low-fat yogurt products in place of cheese was associated with a higher rate of death (hazard ratios between 1·03 and 1·12 per serving/d substituted). The same pattern was present for CVD mortality. For cancer mortality, whole-fat milk and low-fat yogurt products in place of cheese were also associated with a higher rate of death for men while for women, whole-fat milk in place of buttermilk was associated with a higher cancer mortality rate. The results appeared robust in several sensitivity analyses. Our results suggest that intake of low-fat milk, whole-fat milk or low-fat yogurt products in place of cheese is associated with a higher rate of all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

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