DOES UNDERSTANDING BASIC NEUROSCIENCE CURE NEUROPHOBIA?

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.140-e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Charalambous ◽  
Adrian Goh ◽  
Ferenc Los ◽  
Kanch Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University

IntroductionNeurophobia – ‘a fear of the neural sciences and clinical neurology’1 is an established phenomenon amongst medical students and physicians.1–3 Conclusions from previous studies indicate a need for more neurology teaching,2 3 with basic neuroscience felt to be extremely useful.2 This study examines whether a concise, focused tutorial integrating basic neuroscience with clinical neurology helps overcome neurophobia.MethodsStudents from the University of Bristol (n=56) were surveyed using quantitative and qualitative questions pre/post/1 month after a 15 minute tutorial on neurological examination, integrating the relevant anatomy and physiology with clinical findings.ResultsAnalysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed ranks and Freidman testing. Comparing pre and post surveys there was a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) in knowledge, confidence and understanding of clinical signs. Importantly this increased confidence persisted when students were re-surveyed 1 month later. Responses to difficulties faced when learning neurology include the following themes (1) complex/overwhelming subject, (2) lack of teaching, (3) inability to correlate neuroanatomy with clinical presentation.ConclusionWhen teaching students (or even clinicians) with “neurophobia”, always commence with a review of basic neuroscience as a foundation on which to build an understanding of neurological function in health and disease.

Clinical Findings, Treatments and Outcomes in Farm Animals with Vertebral Fractures or Luxations: 22 Cases (2006–2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (06) ◽  
pp. 492-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Boorman ◽  
Amy L. Johnson ◽  
Thomas P. Schaer ◽  
Marie-Eve Fecteau
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Cerclage Wire ◽  
Pin Fixation

Objective The aim of this study was to describe the signalment, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, medical and surgical treatment and outcome of 22 farm animals diagnosed with a vertebral fracture or luxation. Study design Medical records of 22 farm animals (7 goats, 6 alpacas, 5 cattle, 3 sheep and 1 deer) were reviewed for signalment, history, presenting clinical signs and neurological examination findings, clinicopathological results, diagnostic imaging, final diagnosis, medical and surgical management, clinical progression and outcome. Results Animals' age ranged from 1 day to 15 years. Neurological examination findings included decreased motor function (20/22), recumbency (14/22), altered mentation (13/22), cranial nerve deficits (4/22) and lack of nociception (3/22). Lesions were localized to the atlanto-occipital region (2/22), C1 to C5 (7/22), C6 to T2 (4/22), T3 to L3 (3/22), and L4 to S1 (6/22). Diagnoses included vertebral fracture only (4/22), luxation only (5/22) or both vertebral fracture and luxation (13/22). In five cases, no therapy was attempted, while 12 cases were treated medically and five cases were treated surgically. Surgical interventions included manual reduction (n = 1); arthrodesis (n = 2); laminectomy (n = 1); and laminectomy with pin fixation, cerclage wire and polymethylmethacrylate bridging (n = 1). Five of the 22 cases survived to hospital discharge; two of these were treated surgically. Conclusion The cervical region was most commonly affected. Prognosis for these injuries in farm animals is guarded.

Ultrasound-based lectures on cardiovascular physiology and reflexes for medical students

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paganini ◽  
A. Rubini
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflexes ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Image Production ◽  
The University

Ultrasound has become a widely used diagnostic technique. While its role in patient evaluation is well known, its utility during preclinical courses such as anatomy and physiology is becoming increasingly recognized. The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility/utility of integrating ultrasound-based sessions into conventional undergraduate medical school programs of physiology of the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular reflexes and to evaluate student perceptions of an ultrasound-based didactic session. Second-year medical students enrolled in the University of Padova attended a didactic session during which basic concepts regarding ultrasound instrumentation, image production, and spatial orientation were presented. Five anatomic sectors (the heart, aorta, neck vessels, inferior vena cava, and femoral veins) were then examined on a volunteer. Student perceptions of the images that were projected, the usefulness of the presentation, and the reproducibility of the experience were assessed at the end of the lecture with an anonymous questionnaire consisting of positive and negative items that were rated using a 5-point Likert scale and with two questions. One hundred eleven students attended the lecture; 99% of them found it very interesting, and none considered it boring or a waste of time. More than 96% thought it helped them to gain a better comprehension of the subject and would recommend it to a colleague. In conclusion, as ultrasound has been found to be a valuable resource for the teaching of physiology of the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular reflexes, efforts should be made to integrate ultrasound sessions into the traditional human physiology curriculum.

scholarly journals P.011 Evaluation of educational needs in neurology in the province of Quebec: a survey-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (S2) ◽  
pp. S24-S24
Author(s):  
P Gros ◽  
S Reiter-Campeau ◽  
D Hamad ◽  
L Carmant
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Neurological Examination ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Additional Training ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Fourth Year Medical Students ◽  
Teaching Time

Background: In contrast with 56% of US medical schools, most Canadian medical schools do not offer a required clerkship neurology rotation. This study aims to assess the need for additional clinical neurology training in Quebec medical schools. Methods: Third and fourth year medical students from the province of Quebec completed surveys inquiring about accumulated theoretical teaching time, clinical neurology exposure, self-reported neurological examination proficiency and interest in additional training. Results: 66 students answered the survey. 43% were from Université de Montréal, 18 % from McGill University, 14% from Université Laval and 24% from Université de Sherbrooke. For theoretical teaching, 44% reported at least 60 hours (h) of teaching, 44% reported 40 to 60 h and 23% reported 10 to 40 h. For clinical exposure, 24% reported at least 60 h, 8% reported 40 to 60 h, 40% reported 10 to 40 h and 29% reported less than 10 h. Most students reported being comfortable with their neurological examination skills (58%) but still 41% were uncertain or felt uncomfortable. 80% indicated interest in receiving additional clinical exposure. Conclusions: Amongst Quebec medical students, clinical neurology exposure is likely insufficient. An important proportion of students remain uncomfortable with the neurological examination and most students are interested in additional neurological training.

Thrombocytosis in cats: A retrospective study of 51 cases (2000–2005)

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Rizzo ◽  
Simon W Tappin ◽  
Séverine Tasker
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leukaemia Virus ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
Feline Leukaemia Virus ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University

Feline haematology profiles of patients presented to the University of Bristol Small Animal Hospital from January 2000 to October 2005 were evaluated for thrombocytosis (defined as a platelets count of >700×109/l and confirmed on smear evaluation). Thrombocytosis was found in 79 cats (4.64% of the hospital feline population), with values ranging from 703 to 1895×109/l. Signalment, clinical presentation, concurrence of other haematological abnormalities, diagnoses and outcome were evaluated in 51 cases in which complete medical records were available. Other variables (feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus status, thyroxine level, haemoplasma PCR, toxoplasma antibody titres) were also evaluated. No association was found between the presence of thrombocytosis and breed or gender. Gastrointestinal signs were the most common clinical presentation. Lymphopenia was the most common concurrent haematological abnormality. Based on final diagnosis reached, cats were grouped both according to the DAMNITV classification and according to the body system affected. Amongst the DAMNITV classification, inflammatory/infectious conditions were most commonly associated with thrombocytosis. According to body systems, gastrointestinal involvement was most represented, followed by endocrine cases. No association was found between the severity of thrombocytosis and outcome.

Feline idiopathic cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study of 106 cats (1994–2001)

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ferasin ◽  
CP Sturgess ◽  
MJ Cannon ◽  
SMA Caney ◽  
TJ Gruffydd-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Moderator Band ◽  
Electrocardiographic Changes ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University

The case records of 106 cats with idiopathic cardiomyopathy that presented to the Feline Centre of the University of Bristol between September 1994 and September 2001 were reviewed retrospectively. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was the most common form seen (57.5%), followed by restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) (20.7%), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (10.4%) and unclassified cardiomyopathy (UCM) (10.4%). One cat showed echocardiographic changes compatible with a moderator band cardiomyopathy (MBCM). Most affected cats were domestic short hairs (DSH) (57.5%). The mean (±SD, range) age of cats with cardiomyopathy at presentation was 6.8 (4.3, 0.5–16) years, with an equal distribution of males and females. Clinical findings, electrocardiographic changes and radiographic abnormalities were also reviewed. The median survival time for 73 cats for which follow-up data was available was 300 days. A greater survival time was observed for cats with UCM (925 days) when compared with those with HCM (492 days), RCM (132 days) or DCM (11 days).

scholarly journals Qualitative study of medical students' experiences of a psychiatric attachment

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Archdall ◽  
Tanya Atapattu ◽  
Elizabeth Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Positive Aspect ◽  
Career Intentions ◽  
Career Options ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Aims and methodThis study utilised qualitative methods to explore medical students' experiences of a clinical attachment in psychiatry and examine the impact of these on career intentions. Fifteen 4th-year students from the University of Bristol were interviewed and their responses analysed.ResultsFour key themes of role models, difference, stigma and career choice emerged from the analysis. Role models could be more influential than the specialty when choosing career options. Many students experienced psychiatry as being different to other specialties. For some this was a reason not to pursue psychiatry as a career but for others it was a positive aspect of the specialty. Stigma arose from a variety of sources, notably from medical students themselves.Clinical implicationsThese findings are relevant given the current recruitment problems in psychiatry and need to be considered in the planning and delivery of undergraduate medical education.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

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