#3105 How does self-report of mood symptoms compare with observer assessments after acquired brain injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. A15.3-A16
Author(s):  
M Paramlall ◽  
I Bakar ◽  
R Kandasamy ◽  
A Gadhvi ◽  
C Holloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Good Insight ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectivesPost acquired brain injury (ABI) depression has been implicated in different patient outcomes such as prospective cognition, cognitive impairment, rehabilitation outcome, and quality of life. However, there have been no studies identified in the literature, investigating post ABI insight into depression across varied cognitive abilities. Here we looked at ABI patient insight into their depression across a range of cognitive abilities and compared this to an observed or an objective measure of depression.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 24 individuals with ABI (depressed and non-depressed) seen in a neuropsychiatry outpatient clinic between 2019 and 2020 completed a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), self-reported depression scale and had a Neuropsychiatry Inventory Questionnaire(NPI-Q), an observer assessment with a depression domain. The patients also underwent a formal cognitive examination using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).ResultsNon-depressed ABI and depressed ABI individuals with a wide range of cognitive abilities demonstrated good insight into their depression when matched to the observer rating. Chi-Square Test showed little variation between the PHQ-9 and NPI-Q Depression data sets; Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test: Z Test -4.08, p<0.001, Effect Size 0.87 and Spearman’s rho showed positive correlation between the two data sets (Correlation Coefficient 0.527, P<0.008). Therefore, there was a statistically significant agreement between the subjective measure (PHQ-9) and the observed (objective) measure NPIQD and that there was a positive correlation between the two measurement scales for patients with ABI regardless of cognition (as measured by MoCAz score; range -6 to 2.21, mean: -1.17)ConclusionsThese findings indicate (1) self-reported measures of depression in ABI are consistent with observed (objective measures) thus can be used to assess depression in this cohort and (2) ABI patients with a wide range of cognitive abilities would appear to have good insight into their depression.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury (PASABI): A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Saleky García-Gómez ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Juan José García-Hernández ◽  
Javier Pérez-Tejero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range

Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA programs that respond to the heterogeneity and needs of this population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on the HRQoL in this population. Materials and Methods: With regard to recruitment, after baseline evaluations, participants were assigned to either the intervention group (IG, n = 38) or the control group (CG, n = 35). Functional capacity, mood, quality of life and depression were measured pre- and post-intervention. The IG underwent the “Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury” (PASABI) program, which was designed to improve HRQoL (1-h sessions, two to four sessions/week for 18 weeks). The CG underwent a standard rehabilitation program without PA. Results: Results for the IG indicated significant differences and large effect sizes for the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life, as well as mood and functional capacity, indicating an increase in HRQoL. No significant differences were found for the CG across any variables. Conclusions: The PASABI program was feasible and beneficial for improving physiological and functionality variables in the IG. The wide range of the activities of the PASABI program allow its application to a large number of people with ABI, promoting health through PA, especially in the chronic phase.

scholarly journals Panoramic stitching of heterogeneous single-cell transcriptomic data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hie ◽  
Bryan Bryson ◽  
Bonnie Berger
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Set Integration ◽  
Biological Patterns ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Comprehensive Reference

AbstractResearchers are generating single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) profiles of diverse biological systems1–4 and every cell type in the human body.5 Leveraging this data to gain unprecedented insight into biology and disease will require assembling heterogeneous cell populations across multiple experiments, laboratories, and technologies. Although methods for scRNA-seq data integration exist6,7, they often naively merge data sets together even when the data sets have no cell types in common, leading to results that do not correspond to real biological patterns. Here we present Scanorama, inspired by algorithms for panorama stitching, that overcomes the limitations of existing methods to enable accurate, heterogeneous scRNA-seq data set integration. Our strategy identifies and merges the shared cell types among all pairs of data sets and is orders of magnitude faster than existing techniques. We use Scanorama to combine 105,476 cells from 26 diverse scRNA-seq experiments across 9 different technologies into a single comprehensive reference, demonstrating how Scanorama can be used to obtain a more complete picture of cellular function across a wide range of scRNA-seq experiments.

Serving Students With Acquired Brain Injury: Understanding Long-Term Need and Outcomes After the BrainSTEPS Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jessica Salley Riccardi ◽  
Libby Crook ◽  
Brenda Eagan-Johnson ◽  
Monica Vaccaro ◽  
Angela H. Ciccia
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Regular Education ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Transition Services ◽  
Student Outcome ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
School Based ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to inform school-based services for children with acquired brain injury (ABI) by describing and analyzing functional student-outcome data from a state-wide, school-based, school re-entry consultation program, BrainSTEPS (Strategies Teaching Educators, Parents, and Students), in Pennsylvania. Method: A nonexperimental, retrospective analysis was conducted with data collected during a pilot follow-up survey for BrainSTEPS. Caregivers reported on 337 students with ABI participating in BrainSTEPS. Results: Most students post-ABI who were participating in BrainSTEPS were enrolled in regular education and reported no ongoing symptoms, as well as no parent perception of need for additional BrainSTEPS consultation during the time period of the follow-up survey. Current receipt of therapy was significantly associated with injury type, χ 2 (1, n = 329) = 16.72, p < .001. A multiple logistic regression was significant ( p < .001) in predicting the need for additional BrainSTEPS consultation. More severe injuries, educational placement postinjury of regular education with a 504 plan (compared to regular education), and current receipt of therapy significantly increased the odds of need for consultation. Conclusions: Due to the wide range of experiences of students in this sample, hospital-to-school transition services, educational supports and services, and long-term follow-up must be individualized for children with ABI. Speech-language pathologists are critical members of the school-based academic team for students with ABI to decrease long-term unmet needs.

scholarly journals Awareness of cognitive abilities in the execution of activities of daily living after acquired brain injury: an evaluation protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037542
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Merchán-Baeza ◽  
Maria Rodriguez-Bailon ◽  
Giorgia Ricchetti ◽  
Alba Navarro-Egido ◽  
María Jesús Funes
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Registration Number

IntroductionOne of the main limitations that can be observed after acquired brain injury (ABI) is the alteration of the awareness of the deficits that can occur in the cognitive skills necessary for performing activities of daily living (ADL). According to the Dynamic Comprehensive Model of Awareness (DCMA), consciousness is composed of offline component, which contains the information stored about characteristics of the tasks and stable beliefs about one’s own capabilities and online awareness, which is activated in the context of the performance of a specific task. The main objective of this project was to generate and validate a detailed cognitive assessment protocol within the context of ADL to evaluate the components of DCMA.Methods and analysisThe proposed protocol consists of two ecological tools: The Cog-Awareness ADL Scale to measure offline component and the Awareness ADL-task: Basic and Instrumental ADL performance-based test to measure online awareness. The aim is to identify the presence of cognitive deficits and anosognosia in patients with ABI within the context of everyday life activities. These two measures will be administered to a group of patients with ABI. In addition, these participants will complete another series of classic tests on anosognosia and cognitive functions in order to find the convergent validity of the two tests proposed in this protocol. The external validity of the Cog-Awareness ADL Scale and the relationships between awareness components within the same ADL domain will be also analysed.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Biomedical Research of Andalusia, on 13 January /2017 (Proceeding 1/2017). All participants are required to provide written informed consent. The findings from this will be disseminated via scientific publication.Trial registration numberNCT03712839.

interviewing children with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Boylan ◽  
Mark Linden ◽  
Fiona Alderdice
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Qualitative Researcher ◽  
Interviewing Children ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Insight Into

Research into the lives of children with acquired brain injury (ABI) often neglects to incorporate children as participants, preferring to obtain the opinions of the adult carer (e.g. McKinlay et al., 2002). There has been a concerted attempt to move away from this position by those working in children’s research with current etiquette highlighting the inclusion of children and the use of a child-friendly methodology (Chappell, 2000). Children with disabilities can represent a challenge to the qualitative researcher due to the combination of maintaining the child’s attention and the demands placed on them by their disability. The focus of this article is to discuss possible impediments to interviewing children with acquired brain injury (ABI) and provide an insight into how the qualitative researcher may address these.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Validity of the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT) in Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Blanca Poveda ◽  
Sharon Abrahams ◽  
R. Asaad Baksh ◽  
Sarah E. MacPherson ◽  
Jonathan J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
General Ability ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Objectives: Social cognition is frequently impaired following an acquired brain injury (ABI) but often overlooked in clinical assessments. There are few validated and appropriate measures of social cognitive abilities for ABI patients. The current study examined the validity of the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT, Baksh et al., 2018) in measuring social cognition following an ABI. Methods: Forty-one patients with ABI were recruited from a rehabilitation service and completed measures of general ability, executive functions and social cognition (Faux Pas; FP, Reading the Mind in the Eyes; RME, Social Norms Questionnaire; SNQ and the ESCoT). Forty-one controls matched on age, sex and years of education also performed the RME, SNQ and ESCoT. Results: A diagnosis of ABI was significantly associated with poorer performance on all ESCoT measures and RME while adjusting for age, sex and years of education. In ABI patients, the ESCoT showed good internal consistency with its subcomponents and performance correlated with the other measures of social cognition demonstrating convergent validity. Better Trail Making Test performance predicted better ESCoT total, RME and SNQ scores. Higher TOPF IQ was associated with higher RME scores, while higher WAIS-IV working memory predicted better FP performance. Conclusions: The ESCoT is a brief, valid and internally consistent assessment tool able to detect social cognition deficits in neurological patients. Given the prevalence of social cognition deficits in ABI and the marked impact these can have on an individual’s recovery, this assessment can be a helpful addition to a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.

Return-to-driving following acquired brain injury: A neuropsychological perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Robert Perna ◽  
Jyoti Pundlik ◽  
Ana Arenivas
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Road Test ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
The Road

BACKGROUND: Return to driving after an acquired brain injury (ABI) has been positively associated with return to employment, maintenance of social relationships, and engagement in recreational and other community activities. Safe driving involves multiple cognitive abilities in a dynamic environment, and cognitive dysfunction resulting from ABI can negatively impact driving performance. OBJECTIVE: This manuscript examines the post-injury return-to-driving process, including performances on the in-office and on-road assessments, and the role of a rehabilitation neuropsychologist in helping patients resume driving. METHOD: In this study, 39 of 200 individuals (approximately 20%) treated at an outpatient neurorehabilitation facility, who performed satisfactorily on a pre-driving cognitive screening, completed a behind-the-wheel driving test. RESULTS: Of the 200 individuals, 34 (87%) passed the road test. Among the remaining five individuals who did not pass the road test, primary reasons for their failure included inability to follow or retain examiner directions primarily about lane position, speed, and vehicle control. The errors were attributable to cognitive difficulties with information processing, memory, attention regulation, and dual tasking. CONCLUSION The rehabilitation neuropsychologist contributed to the process by assessing cognition, facilitating self-awareness and error minimization, providing education about driving regulations and safety standards, and preparing for the road test and its outcomes.

Understanding Social Support and Friendship: Implications for Intervention After Acquired Brain Injury

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Network Building ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThis article reviews current literature on social support and friendship, loneliness and social isolation, and discusses these in the context of disability and specifically acquired brain injury. The examination provides a backdrop for considering interventions which aim to promote or regenerate friendships in the lives of people with this injury. The social consequences for individuals who have sustained an acquired brain injury have been well documented and are briefly reviewed. An understanding of the social support and friendship literature, reviewed in this article, is helpful for practitioners in designing interventions in the lives of this group of people, whose limited friendship and social support systems compromise quality of life and inclusion in the community. The article describes interventions that have been attempted to facilitate network building and friendship development for vulnerable or disadvantaged people in a wide range of contexts. The role of informal support systems is also discussed. A critique of these interventions is also presented and the conclusion reached is that while such models are not perfect and are often not rigorously evaluated, it is critical to provide assistance in order to achieve genuine social inclusion of people with acquired brain injury. It is their human right.

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