scholarly journals Leadership: an effective human factor during COVID-19

BMJ Leader ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. leader-2020-000384
Author(s):  
Adeel Abbas Dhahri ◽  
Jonathan Refson
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Healthcare Leadership ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Administrative Roles ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Managerial Roles ◽  
Hierarchical Decision

BackgroundA hybrid leader is an individual with a professional background who takes on managerial roles. For surgeons, leadership is a non-technical skill within a domain of a human factor and a diverse role that makes them an effective hybrid leader.ObjectivesWe hypothesised that a surgical leader acts as a link between different departments in an organisation to influence performance at the workplace to bring positive changes in healthcare and patient safety.MethodsWe followed the nine-dimension Healthcare Leadership Model (HLM) and reflected on the leadership roles within our surgical department at the Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, United Kingdom.ResultsChanges were quickly adopted and monitored while leadership learned adaptability to function quickly. Hierarchical decision making was removed while levelling up communication. Telemedicine was quickly adopted at both elective and ambulatory emergency settings. The local survey also showed trust and co-operation among team members.ConclusionsHybrid surgical leadership is a complex but divergent role that acts as a bridge between the surgical team and others in administrative roles that promotes safer patient outcomes and better well-being for the organisations’ members

scholarly journals Responding to unforeseen disasters in a large health system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J Hannan ◽  
Margaret K Lundholm ◽  
Dennis Brierton ◽  
Noelle R M Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Health System ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Team Members

Abstract Purpose To describe how health systems may respond to sudden changes in operations by leveraging existing resources and to share one organization’s experience responding to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Summary In a health system based in Illinois and Wisconsin, pharmacy services are provided by a single, integrated department responsible for all aspects of pharmaceutical care within the organization. Hospital, retail, ambulatory care, and population health services are all managed under one leadership team. All pertinent ancillary services are also managed within the department, including informatics, supply chain, and drug policy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the pharmacy services leadership has successfully managed volume and capacity challenges by redirecting resources to where they are needed. A disaster response framework based on Federal Emergency Management Agency guidance was put in place, and change management principles were used to rapidly operationalize change. Components of the nimble response have included quickly increasing capacity, thoughtful and timely communication to all team members, strategic decision making with available data, creating an agile pool of labor, and maintaining an efficient system supply chain. Well-being and resilience are emphasized alongside reflection on lessons learned. Some changes made in the urgent response to the pandemic are being considered for long-term implementation. Conclusion Organizations have the potential to respond to almost any situation if they are integrated and teams work together to build flexibility. The keys to success are thoughtful maximization of existing resources and strong communication.

Leadership in crisis situations: merging the interdisciplinary silos

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Paquin ◽  
Ilana Bank ◽  
Meredith Young ◽  
Lily H.P. Nguyen ◽  
Rachel Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medical Simulation Training

Purpose Complex clinical situations, involving multiple medical specialists, create potential for tension or lack of clarity over leadership roles and may result in miscommunication, errors and poor patient outcomes. Even though copresence has been shown to overcome some differences among team members, the coordination literature provides little guidance on the relationship between coordination and leadership in highly specialized health settings. The purpose of this paper is to determine how different specialties involved in critical medical situations perceive the role of a leader and its contribution to effective crisis management, to better define leadership and improve interdisciplinary leadership and education. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative study was conducted featuring purposively sampled, semi-structured interviews with 27 physicians, from three different specialties involved in crisis resource management in pediatric centers across Canada: Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Otolaryngology and Anesthesia. A total of three researchers independently organized participant responses into categories. The categories were further refined into conceptual themes through iterative negotiation among the researchers. Findings Relatively “structured” (predictable) cases were amenable to concrete distributed leadership – the performance by micro-teams of specialized tasks with relative independence from each other. In contrast, relatively “unstructured” (unpredictable) cases required higher-level coordinative leadership – the overall management of the context and allocations of priorities by a designated individual. Originality/value Crisis medicine relies on designated leadership over highly differentiated personnel and unpredictable events. This challenges the notion of organic coordination and upholds the validity of a concept of leadership for crisis medicine that is not reducible to simple coordination. The intersection of predictability of cases with types of leadership can be incorporated into medical simulation training to develop non-technical skills crisis management and adaptive leaderships skills.

Women in the New Testament World

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hylen
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Economic Well Being

This book presents and interprets evidence for women’s lives in the social context of the New Testament. Some of the evidence from this period of Roman history suggests that women’s roles were sharply restricted. Other evidence shows women taking on leadership roles, managing property, and the like. Previous interpreters have often argued that the two kinds of evidence describe different groups or arenas where women’s activity was either forbidden or allowed. However, this book argues that the evidence points to complex gender norms that were sometimes in tension. The culture widely recognized modesty, submission to men, and silence as virtues of women. Yet society also encouraged women to contribute to the economic well-being of their families and to serve as patrons of individuals, groups, and cities. The chapters of the book address the virtues of women, their legal status, wealth, patronage, occupations, and speech. Each chapter explores the way the New Testament writings emerge out of and reflect this complex set of social expectations for women.

Thrive, not just survive: the experience of a fellow in the SBM Leadership Institute to enhance opportunities for success of mid-career nurse scientists

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 912-914
Author(s):  
Patricia A Kinser
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Faculty Shortage ◽  
Administrative Roles ◽  
Related Discipline ◽  
Leadership Institute ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Funding Environment ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Mid-career nurse scientists are at risk of burnout and departure from research-focused roles due to a myriad of reasons, including a nationwide faculty shortage, vacant administrative roles, and the challenging extramural funding environment. Retention and success of mid-career scientists in any health-related discipline is essential to maintain educational and research endeavors that are important for public health and well-being. This commentary provides an account of recent efforts to address these issues, from the perspective of a former fellow in the Society of Behavioral Medicine Leadership Institute. Although these efforts are focused specifically on the needs of nurse scientists, the topic is relevant to researchers in any discipline. The intent of this commentary is for others to benefit from the lessons learned and to build upon our current efforts to help mid-career scientists thrive, not just survive.

scholarly journals The Power of Empowerment: Predictors and Benefits of Shared Leadership in Organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte M. Edelmann ◽  
Filip Boen ◽  
Katrien Fransen
Keyword(s):  
Shared Leadership ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Team Identification ◽  
Peer Leaders ◽  
Peer Leadership ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Leadership Quality

Leadership plays an essential part in creating competitive advantage and well-being among employees. One way in which formal leaders can deal with the variety of responsibilities that comes with their role is to share their responsibilities with team members (i.e., shared leadership). Although there is abundant literature on how high-quality peer leadership benefits team effectiveness (TE) and well-being, there is only limited evidence about the underpinning mechanisms of these relationships and how the formal leader can support this process. To address this lacuna, we conducted an online survey study with 146 employees from various organizations. The results suggest that an empowering leadership style of the formal leader is associated with higher perceived peer leadership quality (PLQ) on four different leadership roles (i.e., task, motivational, social, and external leader). In addition, formal leaders who empower their team members are also perceived as better leaders themselves. Moreover, the improved PLQ was in turn positively related to TE and work satisfaction, while being negatively related to burnout. In line with the social identity approach, we found that team identification mediated these relationships. Thus, high-quality peer leaders succeeded in creating a shared sense of “us” in the team, and this team identification in turn generated all the positive outcomes. To conclude, by sharing their lead and empowering the peer leaders in their team, formal leaders are key drivers of the team’s effectiveness, while also enhancing team members’ health and well-being.

Analyzing time pressure for software economics

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-777
Author(s):  
Seher Razzaq ◽  
Jianglin Huang ◽  
Hongyi Sun ◽  
Min Xie
Keyword(s):  
Communication Complexity ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Software Economics ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The research on people and project factors is found extensively in general but not specific to software engineering. Secondly, the existing research has not concentrated on the communication and time complexity of the teams on software economics. The purpose this paper is to develop a model to investigate and quantify the impact of time pressure (TP) on software economics through the communication influence of software team sizes (TS). Design/methodology/approach A research model and five hypotheses are developed based on the gaps in the literature. The data set from International Software Benchmarking Standards Group repository is used for testing the hypotheses. Findings Important findings include: smaller TS tends to exert less TP on average; TP is directly proportional to software economics, however; and TP does not affect the productivity required for the software. Research limitations/implications The study has the following implications: Selection of an appropriate TS for project completion that ensures minimum pressure on team members; and maximize software outcomes in stress-free environment. Practical implications This work is useful for organizations carrying out software projects with teamwork. The project managers can benefit from the results while planning the team factors for achieving the project goals. Social implications The results uphold not to exert pressure on the team as it will not only affect the duly completion of the project but also the well-being of employees. Originality/value The paper is the first one where the proposition of TP estimation is done using TS and communication complexity, and empirically evaluating the impact of TP on four major software economics are the major key contributions of this research work.

Human factors engineering in aircraft maintenance: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shanmugam ◽  
T. Paul Robert
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Aircraft Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Aircraft Maintenance ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aviation Maintenance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review on human factors in aircraft maintenance and to analyze and synthesize the findings in the literature on human factors engineering in aircraft maintenance. Design/methodology/approach – The review adopts a threefold approach: searching and collecting the scientific literature; sorting them on the basis of relevance and applications; and review of the scientific evidences. Broad areas of aircraft maintenance regulations are identified and each area was explored to study the level of scientific growth and publications. Notable theories, models and concepts are being summarized. Findings – Application of human factor principles in aviation spread beyond the technical arena of man-machine interface. The discipline has created a great impact on aircraft design, operations and maintenance. Its applications have percolated into design of aircraft maintenance facilities, task cards and equipment. Human factor concepts are being used for maintenance resource management. The principles are applied to shape the safety behavior and culture in aviation maintenance workplace. Nevertheless, the review unfolds immense potential for future research. Research limitations/implications – Research outcomes of non-aviation studies are also reviewed and consolidated to extend the applications to the aviation industry. Practical implications – This review would be a consolidated source of information confining to the physical aspect of human factors engineering in aircraft maintenance. It is intended to serve as a quick reference guide to the researchers and maintenance practitioners. Social implications – It brought out the benefits of adopting the principles of human factor engineering in aircraft maintenance. Application of human factor philosophy ensures enhanced safety in air transport, personal safety and well-being of maintenance personnel. Originality/value – This is a unique review based on aircraft maintenance regulations that are baseline performance standards made mandatory by regulatory authorities. Therefore, the review has been considered to be made on aircraft maintenance regulatory requirements that surpass corporate or competitive strategies in aviation maintenance organization.

Identifying goals with the NHS Healthcare Leadership Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ellis ◽  
Jane Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Leadership ◽  
Leadership Model

Cohesion and individual well-being of members in self-managed teams

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergana Markova ◽  
John T. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Team Cohesion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Leader Emergence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Group Potency ◽  
Team Interactions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate interactions among members of self-managed teams (SMTs). The authors were interested in how leader emergence, group potency, and opinion compliance were related to team cohesion and member well-being. Design/methodology/approach – In a simulated business environment, the authors surveyed 236 students working in 54 SMTs. Participants reported their interactions and experiences at several points of time during class. Individual responses about team cohesion and group potency were aggregated for the purposes of the analysis. Findings – The paper found that leader emergence was associated with reduced cohesion among members and diminished individual well-being. Group potency was modestly associated with better cohesion among team members. Participants of more cohesive groups reported higher individual well-being. Opposite to the predictions, opinion compliance was not significantly related to individual well-being. Research limitations/implications – Within the limitations of the study design, the results suggest that leader emergence may have adverse effect on team interactions. Future research should investigate the positive and negative implications of an emerging leader in SMTs. Practical implications – The broad application of SMTs in organizations necessitates a critical examination of team dynamics and individual experiences of members. Along with team productivity, managers should consider the effects of team interactions on employees’ well-being. Employees who are drawn to more discretionary work such as SMTs may not favor leader emergence. Originality/value – The findings suggest that leader emergence may have negative implications for other team members and the overall team functioning.

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