Case–control study to assess the association between colorectal cancer and selected occupational agents using INTEROCC job exposure matrix

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in the world and is twice as common in developed countries when compared with low-income and middle-income countries. Few occupational risk factors for colorectal cancer have been identified. This case–control study aimed to assess the association between colorectal cancer and occupational exposure to selected solvents, combustion products, metals, dusts and other agents.MethodsCases (n=918) were enrolled from the Western Australian Cancer Registry from June 2005 to August 2007. Controls (n=1021) were randomly selected from the Western Australian electoral roll. We collected lifetime occupational history from cases and controls, in addition to their demographic and lifestyle characteristics. We applied the INTEROCC job exposure matrix to convert the occupational history to occupational exposure for 18 selected agents. Three exposure indices were developed: (1) exposed versus non-exposed; (2) lifetime cumulative exposure; and (3) total duration of exposure. The associations between colorectal cancer and the selected agents were estimated using logistic regression models adjusting for sex and age.ResultsNone of the 18 selected agents showed an association with colorectal cancer. No dose–response relationships with lifetime cumulative exposure or duration of exposure were observed.ConclusionThere was no evidence to suggest that occupational exposure to 18 selected agents increased the risk of colorectal cancer.

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Bladder cancer and occupational exposure to metalworking fluid mist: a counter-matched case–control study in French steel-producing factories

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2017-104666 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. 328-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Régis Colin ◽

Michel Grzebyk ◽

Pascal Wild ◽

Guy Hédelin ◽

Ève Bourgkard

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Occupational Exposure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Case Control ◽

Metalworking Fluids ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Cancer Case ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between occupational exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) in the steel-producing industry and bladder cancer incidence.MethodsA nested case–control study on bladder cancer was set up in a cohort of workers from six French steel-producing factories. Three controls were randomly selected for each incident bladder cancer case diagnosed from 2006 to 2012. Controls were matched to cases on age at diagnosis and counter-matched on a surrogate measure of exposure to MWFs derived from a job-exposure matrix. Cases (n=84) and controls (n=251) were face-to-face interviewed. Experts assessed occupational exposure to MWFs (straight, soluble and synthetic) using questionnaires and reports from factory visits. Occupational exposures were based on three metrics: duration, frequency-weighted duration and cumulative exposure index. Conditional multiple logistic regressions were used to determine ORs and 95% CIs, taking non-occupational and occupational exposure into account.ResultsIn the 25 years before diagnosis, ORs increased significantly with duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.13 (1.02–1.25)) and increased with frequency-weighted duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.44 (0.97–2.14)). These results remained valid after adjusting for duration of smoking, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, time since smoking cessation and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). ORs also increased with soluble MWFs but not significantly. No significant association was found with older exposures to MWFs or with exposure to synthetic MWFs.ConclusionThe increased risk of bladder cancer observed among workers exposed to straight MWFs and to a lesser extent to soluble MWFs may be explained by the presence of carcinogens (such as PAH) in mineral oils component of straight and soluble oils. Prevention therefore remains necessary in sectors using MWFs.

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Occupational Exposure to Glyphosate and Risk of Lymphoma: Results of an Italian Multicenter Case-Control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-102620/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Federico Meloni ◽

Giannina Satta ◽

Marina Padoan ◽

Andrea Montagna ◽

Ilaria Pilia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Case Control ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

International Agency ◽

Exposure Level ◽

High Exposure ◽

Human Carcinogen ◽

Control Study

Abstract BackgroundThe International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recently classified glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, as a probable human carcinogen. We inquired into the association between occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma subtypes in a multicenter case-control study conducted in Italy. MethodsThe Italian Gene-Environment Interactions in Lymphoma Etiology (ItGxE) study took place in 2011-17 in six Italian centres. Overall, 867 incident lymphoma cases and 774 controls participated in the study. Based on detailed questionnaire information, occupational experts classified duration, confidence, frequency, and intensity of exposure to glyphosate for each study subject. Using unconditional regression analysis, we modelled risk of major lymphoma subtypes associated with exposure to glyphosate adjusted by age, gender, education, and study centre. ResultsVery few study subjects (2.2%) were classified as ever exposed to glyphosate. Risk of follicular lymphoma (FL) was elevated 7-fold in subjects classified as ever exposed to glyphosate with medium-high confidence, 4.5-fold in association with medium-high cumulative exposure level, 12-fold with medium-high exposure intensity, and 6-fold with exposure for 10 days or more per year. Significant upward trends were detected with all the exposure metrics, but duration. The overall p-value for an upward trend with four independent metrics was 1.88 x 10-4. There was no association with risk of lymphoma (any subtype), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, or the major lymphoma subtypes other than FL. ConclusionsOur findings provide limited support to the IARC decision to classify glyphosate as Group 2A human carcinogen.

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Occupational exposure to asbestos and risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a population-based case–control study in four Nordic countries

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2017-104603 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 191-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andrea Farioli ◽

Kurt Straif ◽

Giovanni Brandi ◽

Stefania Curti ◽

Kristina Kjaerheim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Asbestos Exposure ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Clinical History ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Control Study

ObjectivesTo assess the association between occupational exposure to asbestos and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CC).MethodsWe conducted a case–control study nested in the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) cohort. We studied 1458 intrahepatic CC (ICC) and 3972 extrahepatic CC (ECC) cases occurring among subjects born in 1920 or later in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Each case was individually matched by birth year, gender and country to five population controls. The cumulative exposure to asbestos (measured in fibres (f)/ml × years) was assessed by applying the NOCCA job-exposure matrix to data on occupations collected during national population censuses (conducted in 1960, 1970, 1980/81 and 1990). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI were estimated using conditional logistic regression models adjusted by printing industry work.ResultsWe observed an increasing risk of ICC with cumulative exposure to asbestos: never exposed, OR 1.0 (reference category); 0.1–4.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.3); 5.0–9.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.3 (95% CI 0.9 to 2.1); 10.0–14.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.6 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.5); ≥15.0 f/mL × years, OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.6). We did not observe an association between cumulative asbestos exposure and ECC.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence that exposure to asbestos might be a risk factor for ICC. Our findings also suggest that the association between ECC and asbestos is null or weaker than that observed for ICC. Further studies based on large industrial cohorts of asbestos workers and possibly accounting for personal characteristics and clinical history are needed.

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The INTEROCC case-control study: risk of meningioma and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2016-104280 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Damien M McElvenny ◽

Martie van Tongeren ◽

Michelle C Turner ◽

Geza Benke ◽

Jordi Figuerola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Occupational Exposures ◽

Combustion Products ◽

Case Control ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Occupational Risk Factors ◽

Exposure Response ◽

Chemical Agents ◽

Control Study

BackgroundLittle is known about occupational risk factors for meningioma.ObjectivesTo study whether risk of meningioma is associated with several occupational exposures, including selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents.MethodsThe INTEROCC study was an international case-control study of brain cancer conducted in seven countries. Data collection by interview included lifetime occupational histories. A job exposure matrix was used to derive estimates of exposure for the 12 agents. ORs for ever versus never exposed and for exposure-response using duration of exposure and cumulative exposure were derived using conditional logistic regression stratified by sex, age group, country/region, adjusted for education.ResultsThese analyses included 1906 cases and 5565 controls. For 11 of the 12 agents, no excess risk was found for ever exposed. For ever exposure to oil mists, an elevated OR of 1.57 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.22, 51 exposed cases) was found. Statistically significant exposure-response relationships were observed with cumulative exposure (p=0.01) and duration of exposure (p=0.04). Among women, there were also significant trends for cumulative and duration of exposure to asbestos and excesses in the highest exposure categories for formaldehyde.ConclusionsMost agents examined did not provoke excess risks of meningioma. The main finding from this study is that it is the first study to identify a statistical association between exposure to oil mists and meningioma. This may be a chance finding or could be due to confounding with iron exposure and further research is required to understand whether the relationship is causal.

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An Adenomatous Polyp Case-Control Study to Assess Occupational Risk Factors following a Workplace Colorectal Cancer Cluster

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115889 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 133 (4) ◽

pp. 357-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

John F. Acquavella ◽

Cynthia V. Owen ◽

Michael G. Bird ◽

Charles M. Yarborough ◽

Jeremiah Lynch

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Adenomatous Polyp ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Occupational Risk ◽

Occupational Risk Factors ◽

Cancer Cluster ◽

Control Study

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Occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma:results of an Italian multicenter case-control study

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-021-00729-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Federico Meloni ◽

Giannina Satta ◽

Marina Padoan ◽

Andrea Montagna ◽

Ilaria Pilia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Case Control ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

International Agency ◽

Exposure Level ◽

High Exposure ◽

Human Carcinogen ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recently classified glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, as a probable human carcinogen. We inquired into the association between occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma subtypes in a multicenter case-control study conducted in Italy. Methods The Italian Gene-Environment Interactions in Lymphoma Etiology (ItGxE) study took place in 2011–17 in six Italian centres. Overall, 867 incident lymphoma cases and 774 controls participated in the study. Based on detailed questionnaire information, occupational experts classified duration, confidence, frequency, and intensity of exposure to glyphosate for each study subject. Using unconditional regression analysis, we modelled risk of major lymphoma subtypes associated with exposure to glyphosate adjusted by age, gender, education, and study centre. Results Very few study subjects (2.2%) were classified as ever exposed to glyphosate. Risk of follicular lymphoma (FL) was elevated 7-fold in subjects classified as ever exposed to glyphosate with medium-high confidence, 4.5-fold in association with medium-high cumulative exposure level, 12-fold with medium-high exposure intensity, and 6-fold with exposure for 10 days or more per year. Significant upward trends were detected with all the exposure metrics, but duration. The overall p-value for an upward trend with four independent metrics was 1.88 × 10− 4. There was no association with risk of lymphoma (any subtype), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, or the major lymphoma subtypes other than FL. Conclusions Our findings provide limited support to the IARC decision to classify glyphosate as Group 2A human carcinogen.

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