scholarly journals The INTEROCC case-control study: risk of meningioma and occupational exposure to selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien M McElvenny ◽  
Martie van Tongeren ◽  
Michelle C Turner ◽  
Geza Benke ◽  
Jordi Figuerola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundLittle is known about occupational risk factors for meningioma.ObjectivesTo study whether risk of meningioma is associated with several occupational exposures, including selected combustion products, dusts and other chemical agents.MethodsThe INTEROCC study was an international case-control study of brain cancer conducted in seven countries. Data collection by interview included lifetime occupational histories. A job exposure matrix was used to derive estimates of exposure for the 12 agents. ORs for ever versus never exposed and for exposure-response using duration of exposure and cumulative exposure were derived using conditional logistic regression stratified by sex, age group, country/region, adjusted for education.ResultsThese analyses included 1906 cases and 5565 controls. For 11 of the 12 agents, no excess risk was found for ever exposed. For ever exposure to oil mists, an elevated OR of 1.57 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.22, 51 exposed cases) was found. Statistically significant exposure-response relationships were observed with cumulative exposure (p=0.01) and duration of exposure (p=0.04). Among women, there were also significant trends for cumulative and duration of exposure to asbestos and excesses in the highest exposure categories for formaldehyde.ConclusionsMost agents examined did not provoke excess risks of meningioma. The main finding from this study is that it is the first study to identify a statistical association between exposure to oil mists and meningioma. This may be a chance finding or could be due to confounding with iron exposure and further research is required to understand whether the relationship is causal.

scholarly journals Bladder cancer and occupational exposure to metalworking fluid mist: a counter-matched case–control study in French steel-producing factories

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis Colin ◽  
Michel Grzebyk ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Guy Hédelin ◽  
Ève Bourgkard
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between occupational exposure to metalworking fluids (MWFs) in the steel-producing industry and bladder cancer incidence.MethodsA nested case–control study on bladder cancer was set up in a cohort of workers from six French steel-producing factories. Three controls were randomly selected for each incident bladder cancer case diagnosed from 2006 to 2012. Controls were matched to cases on age at diagnosis and counter-matched on a surrogate measure of exposure to MWFs derived from a job-exposure matrix. Cases (n=84) and controls (n=251) were face-to-face interviewed. Experts assessed occupational exposure to MWFs (straight, soluble and synthetic) using questionnaires and reports from factory visits. Occupational exposures were based on three metrics: duration, frequency-weighted duration and cumulative exposure index. Conditional multiple logistic regressions were used to determine ORs and 95% CIs, taking non-occupational and occupational exposure into account.ResultsIn the 25 years before diagnosis, ORs increased significantly with duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.13 (1.02–1.25)) and increased with frequency-weighted duration of exposure to straight MWFs (OR=1.44 (0.97–2.14)). These results remained valid after adjusting for duration of smoking, average number of cigarettes smoked per day, time since smoking cessation and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). ORs also increased with soluble MWFs but not significantly. No significant association was found with older exposures to MWFs or with exposure to synthetic MWFs.ConclusionThe increased risk of bladder cancer observed among workers exposed to straight MWFs and to a lesser extent to soluble MWFs may be explained by the presence of carcinogens (such as PAH) in mineral oils component of straight and soluble oils. Prevention therefore remains necessary in sectors using MWFs.

Case–control study to assess the association between colorectal cancer and selected occupational agents using INTEROCC job exposure matrix

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia El-Zaemey ◽  
TN Anand ◽  
Jane Shirley Heyworth ◽  
Terry Boyle ◽  
Martie van Tongeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Job Exposure Matrix ◽  
Occupational History ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in the world and is twice as common in developed countries when compared with low-income and middle-income countries. Few occupational risk factors for colorectal cancer have been identified. This case–control study aimed to assess the association between colorectal cancer and occupational exposure to selected solvents, combustion products, metals, dusts and other agents.MethodsCases (n=918) were enrolled from the Western Australian Cancer Registry from June 2005 to August 2007. Controls (n=1021) were randomly selected from the Western Australian electoral roll. We collected lifetime occupational history from cases and controls, in addition to their demographic and lifestyle characteristics. We applied the INTEROCC job exposure matrix to convert the occupational history to occupational exposure for 18 selected agents. Three exposure indices were developed: (1) exposed versus non-exposed; (2) lifetime cumulative exposure; and (3) total duration of exposure. The associations between colorectal cancer and the selected agents were estimated using logistic regression models adjusting for sex and age.ResultsNone of the 18 selected agents showed an association with colorectal cancer. No dose–response relationships with lifetime cumulative exposure or duration of exposure were observed.ConclusionThere was no evidence to suggest that occupational exposure to 18 selected agents increased the risk of colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Central Nervous System Tumors: Results from the CERENAT Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle BALDI ◽  
Lucie De Graaf ◽  
Ghislaine Bouvier ◽  
Anne Gruber ◽  
Hugues Loiseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The etiology of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors remains largely unknown. The role of pesticide exposure has been suggested by several epidemiological studies, but with no definitive conclusion. Objective: To analyze associations between occupational pesticide exposure and primary CNS tumors in adults in the CERENAT study. Methods: CERENAT is a multicenter case-control study conducted in France in 2004-2006. Data about occupational pesticide uses - in and outside agriculture - were collected during detailed face-to-face interviews and reviewed by experts for consistency and exposure assignment. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated with conditional logistic regression. Results: A total of 596 cases (273 gliomas, 218 meningiomas, 105 others) and 1 192 age- and sex-matched controls selected in the general population were analyzed. Direct and indirect exposures to pesticides in agriculture were respectively assigned to 125 (7.0%) and 629 (35.2%) individuals and exposure outside agriculture to 146 (8.2%) individuals. For overall agricultural exposure, we observed no increase in risk for all brain tumors (OR=1.04, 0.69-1.57) and a slight increase for gliomas (OR=1.37, 0.79-2.39). Risks for gliomas were higher when considering agricultural exposure for more than 10 years (OR=2.22, 0.94-2.24) and significantly trebled in open field agriculture (OR=3.58, 1.20-0.70). Increases in risk were also observed in non-agricultural exposures, especially in green space workers who were directly exposed (OR=1.89, 0.82-4.39), and these were statistically significant for those exposed for over 10 years (OR=2.84, 1.15-6.99). Discussion: These data support some previous findings regarding the potential role of occupational exposures to pesticides in CNS tumors, both inside and outside agriculture.

scholarly journals Multicentre, population-based, case–control study of particulates, combustion products and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 854-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E Visser ◽  
Fabrizio D'Ovidio ◽  
Susan Peters ◽  
Roel CH Vermeulen ◽  
Ettore Beghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Motor Exhaust

ObjectiveTo investigate whether exposure to particulates and combustion products may explain the association between certain occupations and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk in a large, multicentre, population-based, case–control study, based on full job histories, using job-exposure matrices, with detailed information on possible confounders.MethodsPopulation-based patients with ALS and controls were recruited from five registries in the Netherlands, Ireland and Italy. Demographics and data regarding educational level, smoking, alcohol habits and lifetime occupational history were obtained using a validated questionnaire. Using job-exposure matrices, we assessed occupational exposure to silica, asbestos, organic dust, contact with animals or fresh animal products, endotoxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and diesel motor exhaust. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for confounding factors were used to determine the association between these exposures and ALS risk.ResultsWe included 1557 patients and 2922 controls. Associations were positive for all seven occupational exposures (ORs ranging from 1.13 to 1.73 for high vs never exposed), and significant on the continuous scale for silica, organic dust and diesel motor exhaust (p values for trend ≤0.03). Additional analyses, adding an exposure (one at a time) to the model in the single exposure analysis, revealed a stable OR for silica. We found similar results when patients with a C9orf72 mutation were excluded.ConclusionIn a large, multicentre study, using harmonised methodology to objectively quantify occupational exposure to particulates and combustion products, we found an association between ALS risk and exposure to silica, independent of the other occupational exposures studied.

scholarly journals Impact of Prior Antibiotic Use in Primary Care on Escherichia coli Resistance to Third Generation Cephalosporins: A Case-Control Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Chiara Fulgenzio ◽  
Marco Massari ◽  
Giuseppe Traversa ◽  
Roberto Da Cas ◽  
Gianluigi Ferrante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Control Study

Research is lacking on the reversibility of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Thus, we aimed to determine the influence of previous antibiotic use on the development and decay over time of third generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistance of E. coli. Using the database of hospital laboratories of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano/Bozen (Italy), anonymously linked to the database of outpatient pharmaceutical prescriptions and the hospital discharge record database, this matched case-control study was conducted including as cases all those who have had a positive culture from any site for 3GC resistant E. coli (3GCREC) during a 2016 hospital stay. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression. 244 cases were matched to 1553 controls by the date of the first isolate. Male sex (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.10–2.01), older age (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.21), the number of different antibiotics taken in the previous five years (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.08–1.33), at least one antibiotic prescription in the previous year (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.36–2.71), and the diagnosis of diabetes (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.08–2.30) were independent risk factors for 3GCREC colonization/infection. Patients who last received an antibiotic prescription two years or three to five years before hospitalization showed non-significant differences with controls (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.68–1.38 and OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.59–1.24), compared to an OR of 1.92 (95% CI 1.36–2.71) in those receiving antibiotics in the year preceding hospitalization. The effect of previous antibiotic use on 3GC-resistance of E. coli is highest after greater cumulative exposure to any antibiotic as well as to 3GCs and in the first 12 months after antibiotics are taken and then decreases progressively.

scholarly journals Occupational exposure to asbestos and risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a population-based case–control study in four Nordic countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Farioli ◽  
Kurt Straif ◽  
Giovanni Brandi ◽  
Stefania Curti ◽  
Kristina Kjaerheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesTo assess the association between occupational exposure to asbestos and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CC).MethodsWe conducted a case–control study nested in the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) cohort. We studied 1458 intrahepatic CC (ICC) and 3972 extrahepatic CC (ECC) cases occurring among subjects born in 1920 or later in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Each case was individually matched by birth year, gender and country to five population controls. The cumulative exposure to asbestos (measured in fibres (f)/ml × years) was assessed by applying the NOCCA job-exposure matrix to data on occupations collected during national population censuses (conducted in 1960, 1970, 1980/81 and 1990). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI were estimated using conditional logistic regression models adjusted by printing industry work.ResultsWe observed an increasing risk of ICC with cumulative exposure to asbestos: never exposed, OR 1.0 (reference category); 0.1–4.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1.3); 5.0–9.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.3 (95% CI 0.9 to 2.1); 10.0–14.9 f/mL × years, OR 1.6 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.5); ≥15.0 f/mL × years, OR 1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.6). We did not observe an association between cumulative asbestos exposure and ECC.ConclusionsOur study provides evidence that exposure to asbestos might be a risk factor for ICC. Our findings also suggest that the association between ECC and asbestos is null or weaker than that observed for ICC. Further studies based on large industrial cohorts of asbestos workers and possibly accounting for personal characteristics and clinical history are needed.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus, anti-secretory drugs and other risk factors for campylobacter gastro-enteritis in adults: a case-control study

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. NEAL ◽  
R. C. B. SLACK
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Foreign Travel ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
Control Study

The epidemiology of notified cases of campylobacter gastroenteritis in adults in Nottingham Health District was investigated using a case-control study with a postal questionnaire to ascertain data on risk factors. Over a 14-month period 531 cases (a 73% response rate of all laboratory confirmed cases) and 512 controls replied.Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent associations with infection. These included foreign travel (odds ratio (OR) 3·4; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2·0–5·7), diabetes mellitus (OR 4·1, CI 1·1–17), medication with omeprazole (OR 3·5, CI 1·1–12) and H2 and H2 antagonists (OR 3·7, CI 1·3–15), contact with puppies (OR11·3, CI1·2–105), eating chicken (OR 1·4, CI 1·1–1·8) and drinking milk from bottles with tops damaged by a bird (OR 3·3, CI 1·0–11). Preparing main meals (OR 0·9, CI 0·8–1·0) and drinking delivered milk (OR 0·6, CI 0·4–0·9) were associated with a reduced risk of campylobacter infection.Foreign travel was reported in 25% of cases and another 15% had significant associations with other risk factors. The majority of cases, 60%, remained unexplained, indicating the need for further evolution of sporadic cases.

A case?control study of occupational exposures and systemic sclerosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Bovenzi ◽  
Fabio Barbone ◽  
Federica E. Pisa ◽  
Alberto Betta ◽  
Luciano Romeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals 717. Antibiotic treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli related gastroenteritis and the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome: a population based matched case-control study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S409-S410
Author(s):  
Shota Myojin ◽  
Kyongsun Pak ◽  
Mayumi Sako ◽  
Tohru Kobayashi ◽  
Takuri Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The role of therapeutic intervention, particularly antibiotics, for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) related infection is controversial. Methods We performed a population based matched case-control study to assess the association between treatment (antibiotics, antidiarrheal agents and probiotics) for STEC related infections and HUS development. We identified all STEC HUS patients as cases and matched five non-HUS patients as controls using the data from the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018. Further medical information was obtained by standardized questionnaires answered by physicians who registered each patient. We used multivariate conditional logistic regression model to evaluate the association between exposures (use of antibiotics, use of antidiarrheal agents, days between disease onset and fosfomycin administration [within two or three days]) and the development of HUS, by matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Covariates we used were sex, age group, area code, presence of diarrhea and other factors. We also performed subgroup analyses using age (adults and children) as a stratification factor. Results 7,760 STEC related patients were registered in the NESID. We selected patients who had a record of HUS diagnosis (n=182) and matched controls without HUS (n=910). After collecting standardized paper-based questionnaires, we enrolled 90 HUS patients and 371 non-HUS patients for analysis. In the main analysis, matched OR of fosfomycin was 0.75(0.47-1.20) in all ages, 1.41(0.51-3.88) in adults and 0.58(0.34-1.01) in children. Matched OR of antidiarrheal agents was 2.07(1.07-4.03) in all ages, 1.84(0.32-10.53) in adults, 2.65(1.21-5.82) in children. Matched OR of probiotics was 0.86(0.46-1.61) in all ages, 0.76(0.21-2.71) in adults, 1.00(0.48-2.09) in children. There was no significant association between the timing of fosfomycin use in the first two or five days of illness and HUS development in any age group. Conclusion Our results suggest that fosfomycin might decrease the risk of HUS in children younger than 15 years of age with STEC confirmed bacterial gastroenteritis. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document