Retrospective analysis of the appendiceal neoplasms: sampling technique may influence neoplasm detection

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-141244
Author(s):  
Gizem Issin ◽  
Fatih Demir ◽  
Hasan Aktug Simsek ◽  
Diren Vuslat Cagatay ◽  
Mahir Tayfur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Longitudinal Section ◽  
Appendiceal Neoplasms ◽  
Macroscopic Findings ◽  
Distal Section

Background and aimsAppendiceal neoplasms are uncommon entities that are usually determined incidentally during the histopathological examination. Different techniques used for the macroscopic sampling of appendectomy material may affect the determinating neoplasms.Materials and methodsH&E-stained slides of 1280 cases who underwent appendectomy between 2013 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively for histopathological features.ResultsNeoplasms were determined in 28 cases (3.09%); 1 lesion was observed in the proximal part of the appendix, 1 covering the entire length from proximal to distal and 26 in the distal part. In the 26 cases that observed in the distal part, the lesion was seen on both sides of the longitudinal section of the distal appendix in 20 cases, while it was seen on only one distal longitudinal section in the remaining 6 cases.ConclusionThe vast majority of appendiceal neoplasms are seen in the distal part of the appendix, and, in some cases, neoplasms might be seen on only one side of the distal section. Sampling only one-half of the distal part of the appendix, where tumours are most often observed, could result in some neoplasms being missed. Therefore, sampling the whole distal part would be more beneficial to determine small diameter tumours that do not create macroscopic findings.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic revision and reconstruction of the deep-sea fan of the Voirons Flysch (Voirons Nappe, Chablais Prealps)

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Ragusa ◽  
Lina Maria Ospina-Ostios ◽  
Pascal Kindler ◽  
Mario Sartori
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Accretionary Prism ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Stratigraphic Record ◽  
Sea Fan ◽  
Stratigraphic Evolution ◽  
Depositional Setting

AbstractThe Voirons Flysch (Caron in Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 69:297–308, 1976), is a flysch sequence aggregated into the sedimentary accretionary prism of the Chablais and Swiss Prealps. Its palaeogeographic location is still debated (South Piemont or Valais realm). We herein present a stratigraphic revision of the westernmost unit of the former Gurnigel Nappe sensu Caron (Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 69:297–308, 1976): the Voirons Flysch. This flysch is subdivided into three lithostratigraphic units at the formation level (the Voirons Sandstone, the Vouan Conglomerate, the Boëge Marl), with an additional unit (Bruant Sandstone) of uncertain attribution, ranging from the early Eocene to probably the late Eocene. We further propose a new model of the depositional setting of the deep-sea of the Voirons Flysch based on palaeocurrent directions, the overall geometry and sedimentary features. This model depicts an eastward deflected deep-sea fan. The stratigraphic record of the proximal part of this fan is fairly complete in the Voirons area, whereas its most distal part is only represented by one small exposure of thinly bedded sandstones in the Fenalet quarry. The stratigraphic evolution of the Voirons Flysch shows two major disruptions of the detrital sedimentation at the transition between Voirons Sandstone—Vouan Conglomerate and Vouan Conglomerate—Boëge Marl. The cause of these disturbances has to be constrained in the framework of the palaeogeographic location of the Voirons Flysch.

Regional differences in potassium content of smooth muscle from opossum esophagus.

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (6) ◽  
pp. E709
Author(s):  
K Schulze ◽  
J J Hajjar ◽  
J Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Intracellular Concentration ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Intracellular Potassium ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Intracellular Potassium Concentration ◽  
Space Volume

Strips from the proximal part of the smooth muscle segment of opossum esophagus have a significantly higher potassium content (50 +/- 3 meq/kg) than those from the distal part (38 +/- 3 meq/kg). There are no significant differences between the two regions in content of sodium (65 +/- 4 meq/kg in proximal, 71 +/- 3 meq/kg in distal) or chloride (48 +/- 10 meq/kg in proximal, 42 +/- 5 meq/ kg in distal). The mean [14C]inulin uptake is 240 +/- 10 ml/kg in both proximal and distal strips. [14C]polyethylene glycol uptake is smaller and [14C]sucrose and [14C]mannitol uptake in both areas are larger than that of inulin. Intracellular potassium concentration (based on the inulin uptake as an estimate of the extracellular space volume) is significantly higher proximally (71 +/- 3 mM) than distally (52 +/- mM). Ouabain, 10(-4) M, increases the intracellular concentration of sodium and decreases the intracellular concentration of potassium in both the proximal and distal segment. The efflux of 86Rb, measured by a washout technique, is higher in the distal than in the proximal smooth muscle segment. A difference in membrane permeability to rubidium and hence, potassium between proximal and distal smooth muscle segments may account in part for the different intracellular potassium concentrations.

Localization of Acidification of Urine, Potassium and Ammonia Secretion and Phosphate Reabsorption in the Nephron of the Dog

1958 ◽  
Vol 194 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Pitts ◽  
Ruth S. Gurd ◽  
Richard H. Kessler ◽  
Klaus Hierholzer
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Acid Urine ◽  
Urine Potassium ◽  
A Site ◽  
Stop Flow

The Malvin, Sullivan and Wilde ( The Physiologist 1: 58, 1957) stop flow technique for the localization of tubular function has been applied to a study of potassium and acid excretion in the dog. It has been observed that the urine is acidified in the distal part of the nephron at a site of avid sodium reabsorption. Potassium and ammonia are secreted in the same portion of the tubule. Diamox reduces acidification of the urine and secretion of ammonia and enhances the secretion of potassium. Phosphate is reabsorbed in the proximal part of the nephron in a region which is coextensive with that which secretes p-aminohippurate. All our data are consonant with the view that a mechanism located in the distal part of the nephron exchanges cellular hydrogen and/or potassium ions for sodium ions in the tubular urine. Ammonia diffuses into acid urine and is trapped as ammonium ion. Diamox, by interfering with the supply of cellular hydrogen ions, reduces exchange of hydrogen for sodium and favors the exchange of potassium for sodium.

scholarly journals Mini-Laparotomy for Superior Mesenteric Artery Aneurysm Due to Takayasu's Arteritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatsugu Matsumoto ◽  
Mitsuru Ishizuka ◽  
Yukihiro Iso ◽  
Junji Kita ◽  
Keiichi Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Takayasu’S Arteritis ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Takayasu's Arteritis ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Mini Laparotomy

Superior mesenteric artery aneurysm (SMAA) is reported to be the third-most common type of visceral aneurysm (VA), accounting for 5% of all VAs. The etiology of SMAA is commonly thought to be infection, and it usually exists in the proximal part of the superior mesenteric artery, which is suitable for endovascular treatment. We herein report an extremely rare case of the distal part of SMAA caused by Takayasu's arteritis (TA), which was successfully resected using a mini-laparotomy method without impairing the intestinal blood supply. A 51-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with sustained fever and lower back pain. Physical examination showed that she had a discrepancies in blood pressure between both arms. Contrast-enhanced whole-body computed tomography showed stenosis of the thoracic aorta and an aneurysm located in the distal part of the superior mesenteric artery. The diameter of the aneurysm was 4.5 cm. The aneurysm was resected via 4-cm mini-laparotomy, and the vascularity of the intestine was successfully preserved. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was diagnosed as having TA based on both clinical and pathologic findings. Additional corticosteroid therapy was started to treat the arteritis, and at 3-month follow-up she was without critical incidents. Mini-laparotomy is a safe and less-invasive approach to treat SMAA, especially when the lesion is located in the distal part of the artery.

scholarly journals Evolution of Near-Shore Outwash Fans and Permafrost Spreading Under Their Surface: A Case Study from Svalbard

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Kasprzak ◽  
Michał Łopuch ◽  
Tadeusz Głowacki ◽  
Wojciech Milczarek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Vertical Movements

The article presents geomorphological analysis results for two outwash fans (sandurs), Elveflya and Nottingham, in the marginal zone of the Werenskiold Glacier in the south-west part of the Spitsbergen. The main goal of this study was to reconstruct the morphological evolution of these landforms and to identify the permafrost zone under their surface. For this purpose, age data of fossils were compiled and compared with newly exposed and dated fossil tundra in the layer glaciotectonically deformed by the forming glacier end moraine. Using this method, a time frame was identified for the glacier advance and for the simultaneous formation of the outwash plains. It was concluded that the Elveflya surface has been built-up with deposits since the Little Ice Age. Sediment deposition ended in the late 1960s, due to hydrographic changes and the redirection of all proglacial waters towards the Nottingham bay. A photointerpretation analysis based on two orthophotomaps and LANDSAT scenes allowed the identification of five microfans in Elveflya, of which two youngest fans have a twice shorter range than the other three. The sixth microfan is currently shaped by deposits washed from the slope of the end moraine. An additional focus was placed on a currently active sandur, which fills the Nottingham bay, in order to identify its growth rate. The average growth rate of this surface increased from 5700 m2·year−1 over the period of 1985–2000 to 24,900 m2·year−1 over the period of 2010–2017. Electromagnetic measurements carried out on the surfaces of the sandurs demonstrated that the electrical resistivity of the ground is high in the apex of the Elveflya fan (ρ ≥ 1 kΩ.m) and low in its toe (typically ρ < 200 Ω.m), as in the case of the Nottingham fan ground. In the interpretation advanced here, permafrost developed in the proximal part of the Elveflya sandur, which continues to be supplied by fresh groundwaters flowing from the glacier direction. Low electrical resistivity of the ground in the distal part of the outwash fan suggests the absence of ground ice in this zone, which is subjected to the intrusion of salty and comparatively warm seawater, reaching approximately 1 km inland under the surface of the low-elevated marine terrace. The identified zones additionally display different tendencies for vertical movements of the terrain surface, as identified with the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) method. The proximal part of the Elveflya outwash fan is relatively stable, while its distal part lowers in the summer period by a maximum of 5 cm. The resulting morphological changes include linear cracks having lengths up to 580 m and an arc line consistent with the coastline.

scholarly journals Different Clinical Features of Acral Abortive Hemangiomas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Vega Mata ◽  
J. C. López Gutiérrez ◽  
B. Vivanco Allende ◽  
M. S. Fernández García
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Glut 1 ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
Erythematous Patch

Some infantile hemangiomas called in literature “minimal or arrested growth hemangiomas” or “abortive hemangiomas” are present at birth and have a proliferative component equaling less than 25% of its total surface area. Often, they are mistaken for vascular malformation. We present five patients (three girls and two boys) with abortive hemangiomas diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2015 localized in acral part of the extremities. They were congenital lesions resembling precursor of hemangiomas but did not show proliferation phase. Immunohistochemical Glut-1 was performed in all of them as a way to confirm the abortive hemangioma diagnosis. The most common appearance was a reticulated erythematous patch with multiple fine telangiectasias on the surface. We remark that one of them presented a segmental patch with two different morphologies and evolutions. The proximal part showed pebbled patches of bright-red hemangioma and presented proliferation and the distal part with a reticulated network-like telangiectasia morphology remained unchanged. We detected lower half of the body preference and dorsal region involvement preference without ventral involvement. The ulceration occurred in three patients with two different degrees of severity.

A Biomechanical Study of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. SCHUIND ◽  
D. GOLDSCHMIDT ◽  
C. BASTIN ◽  
F. BURNY
Keyword(s):  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Relative Elongation ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Cubital Tunnel ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
Full Flexion ◽  
Significant Change

The relative elongation with elbow flexion of the ulnar nerve, proximal and distal to the cubital tunnel, and of the cubital tunnel retinaculum, was measured in cadaver specimens by stereophotogrammetry. The proximal part of the ulnar nerve elongated significantly with full elbow flexion. No significant change of length was measured in the distal part of the nerve. The length of the cubital tunnel retinaculum increased by an average of 45% from full elbow extension to full flexion.

scholarly journals A Clinicopathological Review of 324 Appendices Removed for Acute Appendicitis in Durban, South Africa: A Retrospective Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Chamisa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Carcinoid Tumour ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Operative Findings

INTRODUCTION Acute appendicitis remains a common surgical condition and the importance of specific elements in the clinical diagnosis remain controversial. A variety of neoplastic and inflammatory conditions mimic acute appendicitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the presenting pattern of acute appendicitis and to review the pathological diagnosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of 324 patients who had appendicectomy for acute appendicitis at Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital (Natal, South Africa) during the period January 2002 to December 2004. Patient demographics, clinical features, white cell count, operative findings, outcome and histology results were recorded on a special patient proforma. RESULTS A total of 371 patients underwent appendicectomy during this period and 324 (M:F, 3.6:1) were available for analysis. The majority of our patients were in the second decade (43.1%) with only 29.3% presenting within 24 h of onset of symptoms. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (100%), vomiting (57.4%) and anorexia (49.0%). Generalised and localised abdominal tenderness were present in 62.0% and 19.4% of patients, respectively. Pyrexia was noted in 41.0%. Localised and generalised peritonitis were present in 26.4% and 14.0%, respectively. The most common incisions were lower midline laparotomy (47.2%) and gridiron (37.3%). The negative appendicectomy rate was 17.0%. Acute appendiceal inflammation and gangrenous appendicitis was present in 36.1% and 9.6%, respectively. The perforation rate was 34.0% and there was a direct correlation with delayed presentation. There were no patients with carcinoid tumour or adenocarcinoma. Parasites and other associated conditions were seen in 8.6% of cases. Postoperative complications included: wound sepsis (25.3%), prolonged ileus (6.2%), peritonitis (4.6%) and chest infection (3.4%). Four patients died (1.2%) all from the perforated group. CONCLUSIONS Our patients present late with advanced disease and complications. All surgeons should bear in mind the possibility of parasitic infestations mimicking acute appendicitis and the presence of significant unusual histological findings in our setting justifies routine histopathological examination of appendices.

scholarly journals Fracture of a Femoral Revision Stem following a Technical Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Falko Herold ◽  
Henk Eijer
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Small Ring ◽  
Technical Failure ◽  
Femoral Revision ◽  
Revision Stem

We report about a fracture of a modular, uncemented femoral revision stem (Zimmer, Revitan®) due to a not previously described intraoperative technical problem. During implantation, a small ring, part of the proximal part of the trial stem, was left on the distal part of the definite stem. Following this, the top screwcap of the proximal part of the definite stem could not be tightened properly. However, the stem was thought to be stable, and the situation left. Two and a half years later, the proximal part of the stem fractured and the situation became unstable. It is very useful to know about this ring and that it should always be removed, otherwise, there is possibility that it may be left on the definite distal part of the stem with the possibility of a later fracture.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of the barrier properties of the colon in rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Bekusova ◽  
Ilyas Fatyykhov ◽  
Salah Amasheh ◽  
Alexander Markov
Keyword(s):  
Distal Part ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Proximal Part ◽  
Transepithelial Electrical Resistance ◽  
Sodium Fluorescein ◽  
Ussing Chambers ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Different Parts

The incidence of colorectal cancer in different parts of the large intestine is not the same, as tumors more often appear in the distal part of the colon compared to the proximal one. The purpose of this study was to investigate heterogeneity of the barrier properties of the colon and clarify the effects of Prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-1beta on its different parts. An in-depth analysis of short circuit current, transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein in Ussing chambers showed that the proximal part of the colon was less permeable compared to the distal one and the substances had different effects on the parameters of permeability in different parts of the colon. We suppose that heterogeneity of the barrier properties of the colon and various effects of their regulation by local molecular agents may determine different incidence of pathologies in the colon.

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