scholarly journals Leisure-time vigorous physical activity is associated with better lung function: the prospective ECRHS study

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Fuertes ◽  
Anne-Elie Carsin ◽  
Josep M Antó ◽  
Roberto Bono ◽  
Angelo Guido Corsico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Activity Frequency

ObjectiveWe assessed associations between physical activity and lung function, and its decline, in the prospective population-based European Community Respiratory Health Survey cohort.MethodsFEV1 and FVC were measured in 3912 participants at 27–57 years and 39–67 years (mean time between examinations=11.1 years). Physical activity frequency and duration were assessed using questionnaires and used to identify active individuals (physical activity ≥2 times and ≥1 hour per week) at each examination. Adjusted mixed linear regression models assessed associations of regular physical activity with FEV1 and FVC.ResultsPhysical activity frequency and duration increased over the study period. In adjusted models, active individuals at the first examination had higher FEV1 (43.6 mL (95% CI 12.0 to 75.1)) and FVC (53.9 mL (95% CI 17.8 to 89.9)) at both examinations than their non-active counterparts. These associations appeared restricted to current smokers. In the whole population, FEV1 and FVC were higher among those who changed from inactive to active during the follow-up (38.0 mL (95% CI 15.8 to 60.3) and 54.2 mL (95% CI 25.1 to 83.3), respectively) and who were consistently active, compared with those consistently non-active. No associations were found for lung function decline.ConclusionLeisure-time vigorous physical activity was associated with higher FEV1 and FVC over a 10-year period among current smokers, but not with FEV1 and FVC decline.

scholarly journals Physical-activity trajectories during childhood and lung function at 15 years: findings from the ALSPAC cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célina Roda ◽  
Osama Mahmoud ◽  
Gabriela P Peralta ◽  
Elaine Fuertes ◽  
Raquel Granell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
High Physical Activity ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Childhood Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Although physical activity has many known health benefits, its association with lung function in childhood/adolescence remains unclear. We examined the association of physical-activity trajectories between 11 and 15 years with lung function at 15 years in 2266 adolescents. Methods A population-based cohort of 14 305 singleton births alive at 1 year was recruited in the UK population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort. Physical activity (counts/minute and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) was assessed for 7 days using an accelerometer at 11, 13 and 15 years. We identified sex-specific physical-activity trajectories applying K-means for longitudinal data in children with at least two accelerometer measurements (n = 3584). We then estimated the sex-specific associations of these trajectories with post-bronchodilation lung-function parameters using multivariable linear-regression models (n = 2266, 45% boys). Results Fewer than 7% of participants met the WHO physical-activity recommendations (i.e. daily average of at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Boys were substantially more active than girls. In both sexes, we identified three distinct physical-activity trajectories (‘low’: 39.8% boys, 45.8% girls; ‘moderate’: 42.9% boys, 41.4% girls; and ‘high’ physical activity: 17.3% boys, 12.8% girls). Girls in the moderate and high physical-activity trajectories had 0.11 L [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04–0.19] and 0.15 L (95% CI: 0.03–0.26) higher forced vital capacity than their less-active peers. No association was observed in boys. Conclusions Higher childhood physical activity relates to higher lung-function levels in adolescent girls. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this association should be pursued.

scholarly journals Smoking, telomere length and lung function decline: a longitudinal population-based study

Thorax ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Andujar ◽  
Dominique Courbon ◽  
Emilie Bizard ◽  
Elisabeth Marcos ◽  
Serge Adnot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Impaired Lung Function

Telomere shortening is associated with COPD and impaired lung function in cross-sectional studies, but there is no longitudinal study. We used data from 448 participants recruited as part of the French follow-up of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. We found no relationship between telomere length at baseline and FEV1 decline after 11 years of follow-up. However, heavy smoking was associated with an accelerated FEV1 decline in individuals with short telomeres, but not in subjects with longer telomeres (p for interaction p=0.08). Our findings suggest that short telomere length in peripheral leucocytes might be a marker for increased susceptibility to the effect of smoking.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Sitting Patterns, Physical Activity, and Health Outcomes in Adolescents

Children ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Contardo Ayala ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
David Dunstan ◽  
Lauren Arundell ◽  
Kate Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Changes Over Time

This study examined two-year changes in patterns of activity and associations with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) among adolescents. Inclinometers (activPAL) assessed sitting, sitting bouts, standing, stepping, and breaks from sitting. ActiGraph-accelerometers assessed sedentary time (SED), light-intensity physical activity (LIPA, stratified as low- and high-LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Anthropometric measures were objectively assessed at baseline and self-reported at follow-up. Data from 324 and 67 participants were obtained at baseline and follow-up, respectively. Multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models examined changes over time, and associations between baseline values and BMI and WC at follow-up. There were significant increases in BMI (0.6 kg/m2) and durations of prolonged sitting (26.4 min/day) and SED (52 min/day), and significant decreases in stepping (−19 min/day), LIPA (−33 min/day), low-LIPA (−26 min/day), high-LIPA (−6.3 min/day), MVPA (−19 min/day), and the number of breaks/day (−8). High baseline sitting time was associated (p = 0.086) with higher BMI at follow-up. There were no significant associations between baseline sitting, prolonged sitting, LIPA, or MVPA with WC. Although changes in daily activity patterns were not in a favourable direction, there were no clear associations with BMI or WC. Research with larger sample sizes and more time points is needed.

scholarly journals Objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behaviour and all-cause mortality in older men: does volume of activity matter more than pattern of accumulation?

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (16) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J Jefferis ◽  
Tessa J Parsons ◽  
Claudio Sartini ◽  
Sarah Ash ◽  
Lucy T Lennon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Sedentary Breaks ◽  
Objectively Measured

ObjectivesTo understand how device-measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity are related to all-cause mortality in older men, an age group with high levels of inactivity and sedentary behaviour.MethodsProspective population-based cohort study of men recruited from 24 UK General Practices in 1978–1980. In 2010–2012, 3137 surviving men were invited to a follow-up, 1655 (aged 71–92 years) agreed. Nurses measured height and weight, men completed health and demographic questionnaires and wore an ActiGraph GT3x accelerometer. All-cause mortality was collected through National Health Service central registers up to 1 June 2016.ResultsAfter median 5.0 years’ follow-up, 194 deaths occurred in 1181 men without pre-existing cardiovascular disease. For each additional 30 min in sedentary behaviour, or light physical activity (LIPA), or 10 min in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), HRs for mortality were 1.17 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.25), 0.83 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.90) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.96), respectively. Adjustments for confounders did not meaningfully change estimates. Only LIPA remained significant on mutual adjustment for all intensities. The HR for accumulating 150 min MVPA/week in sporadic minutes (achieved by 66% of men) was 0.59 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.81) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.33 to 1.00) for accumulating 150 min MVPA/week in bouts lasting ≥10 min (achieved by 16% of men). Sedentary breaks were not associated with mortality.ConclusionsIn older men, all activities (of light intensity upwards) were beneficial and accumulation of activity in bouts ≥10 min did not appear important beyond total volume of activity. Findings can inform physical activity guidelines for older adults.

scholarly journals Accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary time and associations with chronic disease and hospital visits - a prospective cohort study with 15 years follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing-Mari Dohrn ◽  
Anna-Karin Welmer ◽  
Maria Hagströmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
Hospital Days

Abstract Background Associations of objectively assessed physical activity in different intensities and risk of developing chronic disease that requires hospital care have not yet been examined in long term population-based studies. Studies addressing the link between physical activity and sedentary time and subsequent hospital admissions are lacking. Objective To examine the prospective associations between physical activity and sedentary time with morbidity defined as: 1) a registered main diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, cancer, type-2 diabetes, dementia, obesity or depression; 2) number of in- and outpatient hospital visits; and 3) number of in-hospital days. Methods In total, 1220 women and men, 18–75 years, from the population-based Sweden Attitude Behaviour and Change study 2000–2001 were included. Time spent sedentary, in light-intensity physical activity and in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and total accelerometer counts were assessed using the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer. Morbidity data were obtained 2016 from Swedish registers. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) of morbidity with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and negative binomial regression estimated incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% CI for number of hospital visits, and length of hospital stay. Results Over a follow-up of 14.4 years (SD = 1.6), 342 persons had at least one registered hospital visit due to any of the included diagnoses. Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with significant risk reductions for combined morbidity (all included diagnoses) (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48–0.88) and cardiovascular disease (HR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.82). Higher total counts showed similar results, and was also associated with fewer hospital visits (IRR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37–0.85). Higher sedentary time increased the risk of in-hospital days. (IRR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.20–4.74). Conclusion This study supports the importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for preventing chronic disease that requires hospital care, especially cardiovascular disease. High volumes of sedentary behavior may increase the risk of future hospitalization. Our results support the public health message “sit less and move more”.

scholarly journals Lung function, forced expiratory volume in 1 s decline and COPD hospitalisations over 44 years of follow-up

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 742-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneela Zaigham ◽  
Per Wollmer ◽  
Gunnar Engström
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hazard Ratios

The use of baseline lung function in the prediction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) hospitalisations, all-cause mortality and lung function decline was assessed in the population-based “Men Born in 1914” cohort.Spirometry was assessed at age 55 years in 689 subjects, of whom 392 had spirometry reassessed at age 68  years. The cohort was divided into three groups using fixed ratio (FR) and lower limit of normal (LLN) criterion: forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/vital capacity (VC) ≥70%, FEV1/VC <70% but ≥LLN (FR+LLN−), and FEV1/VC <70% and <LLN (FR+LLN+).Over 44 years of follow-up, 88 men were hospitalised due to COPD and 686 died. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for incident COPD hospitalisation were 4.15 (2.24–7.69) for FR+LLN− and 7.88 (4.82–12.87) for FR+LLN+ (reference FEV1/VC ≥70%). Hazard ratios for death were 1.30 (0.98–1.72) for FR+LLN− and 1.58 (1.25–2.00) for FR+LLN+. The adjusted FEV1 decline between 55 and 68 years of age was higher for FR+LLN− and FR+LLN+ relative to the reference. Of those with FR+LLN− at 55 years, 53% had progressed to the FR+LLN+ group at 68 years.Airflow obstruction at age 55 years is a powerful risk factor for future COPD hospitalisations. The FR+LLN− group should be carefully evaluated in clinical practice in relation to future risks and potential benefit from early intervention. This is reinforced by the increased FEV1 decline in this group.

scholarly journals Trajectory and mortality of preserved ratio impaired spirometry: the Rotterdam Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1901217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Renata Alex Wijnant ◽  
Emmely De Roos ◽  
Maryam Kavousi ◽  
Bruno Hugo Stricker ◽  
Natalie Terzikhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Age Related

Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is a heterogeneous condition but its course and disease progression remain to be elucidated. We aimed to examine its prevalence, trajectories and prognosis in the general population.In the Rotterdam Study (population-based prospective cohort) we examined prevalence, trajectories and prognosis of subjects with normal spirometry (controls; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥0.7, FEV1  ≥80%), PRISm (FEV1/FVC ≥0.7, FEV1 <80%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1/FVC <0.7) at two study visits. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for mortality (until December 30, 2018) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, current smoking and pack-years.Of 5487 subjects (age 69.1±8.9 years; 7.1% PRISm), 1603 were re-examined after 4.5 years. Of the re-examined PRISm subjects, 15.7% transitioned to normal spirometry and 49.4% to COPD. Median lung function decline was highest in subjects with incident PRISm (FEV1 −92.8 mL·year−1, interquartile range (IQR) −131.9– −65.8 mL·year−1; FVC −93.3 mL·year−1, IQR −159.8– −49.1 mL·year−1), but similar in persistent PRISm (FEV1 −30.2 mL·year−1, IQR −67.9– −7.5 mL·year−1; FVC −20.1 mL·year−1, IQR −47.7–21.7 mL·year−1) and persistent controls (FEV1 −39.6 mL·year−1, IQR −64.3–−12.7 mL·year−1; FVC −20.0 mL·year−1, IQR −55.4–18.8 mL·year−1). Of 5459 subjects with informed consent for follow-up, 692 (12.7%) died during 9.3 years (maximum) follow-up: 10.3% of controls, 18.7% of PRISm subjects and 20.8% of COPD subjects. Relative to controls, subjects with PRISm and COPD Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2–4 had increased all-cause mortality (PRISm: HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.0; COPD GOLD 2–4: HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4–2.1) and cardiovascular mortality (PRISm: HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5–5.1; COPD 2–4: HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.6). Mortality within <1 year was highest in PRISm, with patients often having cardiovascular comorbidities (heart failure or coronary heart disease; 70.0%).PRISm is associated with increased mortality and this population encompasses at least three distinct subsets: one that develops COPD during follow-up, a second with high cardiovascular burden and early mortality, and a third with persistent PRISm and normal age-related lung function decline.

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