Point-of-sale cigarette pricing strategies and young adult smokers’ intention to purchase cigarettes: an online experiment

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056004
Author(s):  
Kelvin Choi ◽  
Kurt Kreuger ◽  
Timothy S McNeel ◽  
Nathaniel Osgood
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
College Education ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
Cigarette Price ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Price Discounts ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Price Tiers ◽  
Cigarette Packs

BackgroundPoint-of-sale tobacco marketing has been shown to be related to tobacco use behaviours; however, specific influences of cigarette price discounts, price tiers and pack/carton availability on cigarette purchasing intention are less understood by the tobacco control community.MethodsWe conducted discrete choice experiments among an online sample of US young adult smokers (aged 18–30 years; n=1823). Participants were presented scenarios depicting their presence at a tobacco retail outlet with varying availability of cigarette price discounts, price tiers and pack/carton. At each scenario, participants were asked whether they would purchase cigarettes. Generalised linear regression models were used to examine the associations between of cigarette price discounts, price tiers and pack/carton with intention to purchase cigarettes overall and stratified by educational attainment.ResultsParticipants chose to purchase cigarettes in 70.9% of the scenarios. Offering price discounts were associated with higher odds of choosing to purchase cigarettes. Reducing the number of cigarette price tiers available in the store was associated with lower odds of choosing to purchase cigarettes. Stratified analysis showed that offering discounts on high-tier cigarette packs increased odds of choosing to purchase cigarettes among young adult smokers with at least some college education, while offering discounts on medium-tier cigarette packs increased odds of choosing to purchase cigarettes among those with some college education or less (eg, with a 10% discount, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]some college=1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21 to 2.16; AOR≤high school=1.44, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.93).ConclusionsAvailability of cigarette price discounts, price tiers and pack/carton could potentially influence cigarette purchasing behaviours among young adult smokers. Regulating these marketing strategies may, therefore, reduce education-related smoking disparities.

Tobacco industry marketing adaptations to Singapore plain packaging

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056324
Author(s):  
Yvette van der Eijk ◽  
Adonsia Yating Yang
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Marketing Tactics ◽  
Market Positioning ◽  
Plain Packaging ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Product Image ◽  
Novelty Filter ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Cigarette Packs

BackgroundSingapore has implemented plain packaging, a measure that strips all colours, logos and branding elements from tobacco packs. In other countries, tobacco companies responded to plain packaging with a variety of marketing tactics. Our goal was to describe the tobacco industry’s marketing adaptations to Singapore plain packaging.MethodsQualitative analysis of 378 cigarette packs sampled from Singapore retailers in March 2019, March 2020 and January 2021, 12 months prior to, 2 weeks prior to and 6 months after plain packaging phase-in, respectively. For each pack, we collected descriptive information on the brand and variant name, pack and stick dimensions, pack shape, differentiating features and distinctive scents, as well as photographic data of the pack, cigarette sticks and any distinct features. We used the March 2019 collection as our baseline dataset, and March 2020 and January 2021 collections as comparison datasets to examine changes in tobacco marketing strategies just before and after plain packaging phase-in.ResultsAround Singapore’s plain packaging phase-in, tobacco companies launched variants with flavour capsules, novelty filter features and new flavours and used more descriptive variant names reflecting the variant’s colour coding or market positioning. Tobacco companies revamped some existing variants, often with Japanese marketing themes to convey a more premium product image. After plain packaging, tobacco companies used longer packs and variations in stick length, filter length and foil texture to further differentiate products.ConclusionsFollowing plain packaging in Singapore, tobacco companies rely increasingly on nomenclature and the cigarette stick itself to market and differentiate products.

scholarly journals Cigarette Affordability and Cigarette Consumption among Adult and Elderly Chinese Smokers: Evidence from A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Jidong Huang ◽  
Rong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Cigarette Price ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Price Tiers ◽  
The Impact

China is in the midst of an epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which has increasingly accounted for a growing share of disease burden, due in part to China’s ongoing rapid socioeconomic changes and population aging. Smoking, the second leading health risk factors associated with NCDs in China, disproportionately affects the old population more than their younger counterparts. Using survey data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study evaluated the impact of changes in cigarette affordability on smoking behavior among middle-aged and elderly (age 45 and older) smokers. Self-reported cigarette price and disposable income were used to calculate cigarette affordability. Cigarette consumption was measured using the number of cigarettes smoked per day reported by the survey respondents. The correlation between cigarette affordability and cigarette consumption was estimated using generalized estimating equations adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, geolocations, and cigarette price tiers, as well as year fixed effects. The estimated overall conditional cigarette affordability elasticity of demand was –0.165, implying a 10% decrease in cigarette affordability would result in a reduction in cigarette consumption by 1.65%. The cigarette affordability responsiveness differs by demographics, socioeconomic status, geolocations, and cigarette price tiers. This study provides evidence that tax/price policies that reduce cigarette affordability could lead to a decrease in cigarette consumption among middle-aged and elderly smokers in China. Smoke-free laws, as well as minimum price regulations, may be needed to compliment excise tax policy to target specific smoking subgroups whose cigarette consumption is less sensitive to changes in cigarette affordability.

scholarly journals Implementation strategies to promote community-engaged efforts to counter tobacco marketing at the point of sale

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Leeman ◽  
Allison Myers ◽  
Jennifer C. Grant ◽  
Mary Wangen ◽  
Tara L. Queen
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing

Individual mobility patterns and real-time geo-spatial exposure to point-of-sale tobacco marketing

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Kirchner ◽  
Donna Vallone ◽  
Jennifer Cantrell ◽  
Andrew Anesetti-Rothermel ◽  
Jennifer Pearson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Individual Mobility

scholarly journals Point-of-sale marketing of little cigars and cigarillos on and near California Tribal lands

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina L Smiley ◽  
Claradina Soto ◽  
Tess Boley Cruz ◽  
Natalie Kintz ◽  
Yaneth L Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American Indians ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Store Location ◽  
Tribal Lands

IntroductionAmerican Indians have the highest cigarette smoking prevalence of any racial/ethnic group in the USA. Tobacco marketing at point-of-sale is associated with smoking, possibly due to easy access to cheap tobacco products. The sale of novel tobacco products like little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) has increased in recent years which may further increase combustible tobacco use among American Indians.MethodsBetween October 2015 and February 2017, trained community health workers collected LCC product and price information by conducting audits of tobacco retailers on Tribal lands (n=53) and retailers within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands (n=43) in California. Χ2 analyses were performed to examine associations among the availability and advertising of LCCs, including indoor price promotions and store location.ResultsOverall, 85.4% of stores sold LCCs, 76.0% sold flavoured LCCs and 51.0% sold LCCs for less than $1. Indoor price promotions were displayed at 45 (46.9%) stores. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands sold significantly more LCC (p<0.01) and flavoured LCCs (p=0.01) than stores on Tribal lands. Stores within a 1-mile radius of Tribal lands also displayed significantly more LCCs priced at less than $1 (p<0.01) than stores on Tribal lands.ConclusionsLCCs are widely available in stores on and near California Tribal lands. Stores located a short distance away from Tribal lands were more likely to sell LCCs, including flavoured versions, more likely to sell LCCs priced below $1, and more likely to advertise little LCC price promotions than stores on Tribal lands. Policy-makers and Tribal leaders should consider regulations that would limit access to LCCs at point of sale to help prevent youth initiation and reduce smoking-related morbidity and mortality among American Indians.

scholarly journals Tobacco Product Promotions Remain Ubiquitous and Are Associated with Use and Susceptibility to Use Among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Fielding-Singh ◽  
Anna E Epperson ◽  
Judith J Prochaska
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Media Channels

Abstract Introduction The decline in tobacco smoking among US adolescents has been exceeded by the exponential rise in nicotine vaping with an overall net gain in youth tobacco product use. While cigarette companies are restricted from advertising on television/radio, vaping promotions have been largely unrestricted. This study examined exposure to tobacco product promotions in a US sample of 1003 adolescents and its associations with product use and susceptibility to use. Aims and Methods Adolescents (13–17) were recruited online and anonymously surveyed in 2019 about their ever and current (past 30 days) tobacco smoking (cigarette and cigar) and nicotine vaping behaviors, and among never-users, susceptibility to vaping. Multivariate models tested associations with past-month exposure to tobacco product promotions controlling for demographic features, harm perceptions, and family and peer influences. Results Tobacco product use was 34% ever-use and 20% current-use. Most had seen cigarette (91%) and nicotine vaping (80%) product promotions in the past 30 days. A majority reported exposure at point-of-sale and on major (television and cinema) and social media. In adjusted multivariate models, greater exposure to tobacco product promotions was significantly associated with ever and current smoking and vaping; and among never-users, susceptibility to vaping (all p &lt; .01, effect sizes 1.03–1.05). Family/peer use and attitudes also were significant correlates. Conclusions Tobacco product promotions remain ubiquitous and are significantly associated with adolescents’ tobacco product use and susceptibility to vape. Peers and family are important social influences and may reflect indirect channels of tobacco marketing. Stricter regulatory restrictions on tobacco marketing to young people are warranted. Implications This study adds to mounting evidence showing that tobacco marketing remains pervasive and is associated with tobacco use and susceptibility to use. Most youth report seeing cigarette and nicotine vaping product promotions, with notable differences by channel: traditional media predominate for cigarettes and social media/email for e-cigarettes. Greater exposure to tobacco promotions is significantly associated with ever and current smoking and vaping, and among never-users, susceptibility to vaping. The accumulating findings support stricter regulatory restrictions on marketing of tobacco products in media channels accessed by youth.

Comparing young adult responses to rational and emotional sports product advertisements: the moderating role of product type and gender

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ghasemi Siani ◽  
Sardar Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Soltan Hosseini ◽  
Geoff Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Product Type ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
Advertising Appeal ◽  
And Gender

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to compare young adult responses to rational and emotional sports product advertisements. The moderating roles of product type and gender were also examined.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a 2 (advertising appeal: emotional vs rational) ×2 (gender: male vs female)×2 (sport product type: utilitarian vs hedonic) research design. Data were collected from 160 sport product users. The collected data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).FindingsThe results indicated that emotional advertising has a greater impact on the attitude toward advertising and the intention to purchase sports products. The results also revealed that rational advertising appeals have more impact for utilitarian sports products and that emotional advertising appeals are more effective for hedonic sports products. However, there were no significant effects for gender as a moderating variable.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine responses to rational and emotional appeals in sports product advertisements.

scholarly journals Assessing tobacco marketing receptivity among youth: integrating point of sale marketing, cigarette package branding and branded merchandise

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Braun ◽  
Christy Kollath-Cattano ◽  
Inti Barrientos ◽  
Raúl Mejía ◽  
Paola Morello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Tobacco Marketing ◽  
Cigarette Package
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