scholarly journals Effect of an office-based intervention on visceral adipose tissue: the WorkACTIVE-P randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
James L. Dorling ◽  
Christoph Höchsmann ◽  
Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽  
Robbie Beyl ◽  
Corby K. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Office-based activity reduces sedentariness, yet no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed how such activity influences visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study examined the effect of an office-based, multicomponent activity intervention on VAT. The WorkACTIVE-P RCT enrolled sedentary office workers (body mass index: 31.4 (standard deviation (SD) 4.4) kg/m2) to an intervention (n = 20) or control (n = 20) group. For 3 months, the intervention group received an office-based pedal desk, further to an intervention promoting its use and increased walking. The control group maintained habitual activity. At baseline and follow-up, VAT, cardiometabolic disease risk markers, physical activity, and food intake were measured. Steps/day were not altered relative to control (P ≥ 0.51), but the pedal desk was utilized for 127 (SD 61) min/day. The intervention reduced VAT relative to control (−0.15 kg; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.29 to −0.01; P = 0.04). Moreover, the intervention decreased fasting glucose compared with control (−0.29 mmol/L; 95% CI = −0.51 to −0.06; P = 0.01), but no differences in other cardiometabolic disease markers or food intake were revealed (P ≥ 0.11). A multicomponent intervention decreased VAT in office workers who were overweight or obese. Though longer-term studies are needed, office-based, multicomponent activity regimens may lower cardiometabolic disease risk. Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02561611). Novelty: In WorkACTIVE-P, a multicomponent activity intervention decreased visceral adipose tissue relative to control in office workers. The intervention also reduced glucose compared with control, though other metabolic risk markers and food intake were not altered. Such multicomponent interventions could help reduce cardiometabolic disease risk, but longer studies are needed.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Changes in Visceral Adipose Tissue Mass Are Regulated by IL-6 Signaling: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-855.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Wedell-Neergaard ◽  
Louise Lang Lehrskov ◽  
Regitse Højgaard Christensen ◽  
Grit Elster Legaard ◽  
Emma Dorph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals High-Resolution Digital Phenotypes from Consumer Wearables Enhance Prediction of Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhuang Zhou ◽  
Yu En Chan ◽  
Chuan Sheng Foo ◽  
Jingxian Zhang ◽  
Jing Xian Teo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Heart Rate Dynamics ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Free Living Conditions ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Background: Consumer-grade wearable devices enable detailed recordings of heart rate and step counts in free-living conditions. Recent studies have shown that summary statistics from these wearable recordings have potential uses for longitudinal monitoring of health and disease states. However, the relationship between higher resolution physiological dynamics from wearables and known markers of health and disease remains largely uncharacterized. Objective: We aimed to (i) derive high resolution digital phenotypes from observational wearable recordings, (ii) characterize their ability to predict modifiable markers of cardiometabolic disease, and (iii) study their connections with genetic predispositions for cardiometabolic disease and with lifestyle factors. Methods: We introduce a principled framework to extract interpretable high resolution phenotypes from wearable data recorded in free-living conditions. The proposed framework standardizes handling of data irregularities, encodes contextual information about underlying physiological state at any given time, and generates a set of 66 minimally redundant features across active, sedentary and sleep states. We applied our approach on a multimodal dataset, from the SingHEART study (NCT02791152), that comprises of heart rate and step count time series from wearables, clinical screening profiles, whole genome sequences and lifestyle survey responses from 692 healthy volunteers. We employed machine learning to model non-linear relationships between the high resolution phenotypes and clinical risk markers for blood pressure, lipid and weight abnormalities. For each risk type, we performed model comparisons based on Brier Skill Scores (BSS) to assess predictive value of the high resolution features over and beyond typical baselines. We then examined associations between the wearable-derived features, polygenic risk for cardiometabolic disease, and lifestyle habits and health perceptions. Results: Compared to typical summary statistic measures like resting heart rate, we find that the high-resolution features collectively have greater predictive value for modifiable clinical markers associated with cardiometabolic disease risk (average improvement in Brier Skill Score=52.3%, P<.001). Further, we show that heart rate dynamics from different activity states contain distinct information about type of cardiometabolic risk, with dynamics in sedentary states being most predictive of lipid abnormalities and patterns in active states being most predictive of blood pressure abnormalities (P<.001). Finally, our results reveal that subtle heart rate dynamics in wearable recordings serve as physiological correlates of genetic predisposition for cardiometabolic disease, lifestyle habits and health perceptions. Conclusions: High resolution digital phenotypes recorded by consumer wearables in free-living states have the potential to enhance prediction of cardiometabolic disease risk, and could enable more proactive and personalized health management. Clinical Trial Registration ID #NCT02791152. Keywords: Wearable device, heart rate, cardiometabolic disease, risk prediction, digital phenotypes, polygenic risk scores, time series analysis, machine learning, free-living

Elevation in Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Asians Is Mediated by Differences in Visceral Adipose Tissue

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Lear ◽  
Arun Chockalingam ◽  
Simi Kohli ◽  
Chris G. Richardson ◽  
Karin H. Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Anti-TNF-α Agent Tamarind Kunitz Trypsin Inhibitor Improves Lipid Profile of Wistar Rats Presenting Dyslipidemia and Diet-induced Obesity Regardless of PPAR-γ Induction

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana M. C. Carvalho ◽  
Vanessa C. O. Lima ◽  
Izael S. Costa ◽  
Anna B. S. Luz ◽  
Fernando V. L. Ladd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
High Glycemic Index ◽  
Visceral Adipose

: The increasing prevalence of obesity and, consequently, chronic inflammation and its complications has increased the search for new treatment methods. The effect of the purified tamarind seed trypsin inhibitor (TTIp) on metabolic alterations in Wistar rats with obesity and dyslipidemia was evaluated. Three groups of animals with obesity and dyslipidemia were formed, consuming a high glycemic index and glycemic load (HGLI) diet, for 10 days: Obese/HGLI diet; Obese/standard diet; Obese/HGLI diet + TTIp (730 μg/kg); and one eutrophic group of animals was fed a standard diet. Rats were evaluated daily for food intake and weight gain. On the 11th day, animals were anesthetized and sacrificed for blood and visceral adipose tissue collection. TTIp treated animals presented significantly lower food intake than the untreated group (p = 0.0065), TG (76.20 ± 18.73 mg/dL) and VLDL-C (15.24 ± 3.75 mg/dL). Plasma concentrations and TNF-α mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue also decreased in obese animals treated with TTIp (p < 0.05 and p = 0.025, respectively) with a negative immunostaining. We conclude that TTIp presented anti-TNF-α activity and an improved lipid profile of Wistar rats with dyslipidemia and obesity induced by a high glycemic index and load diet regardless of PPAR-γ induction.

Abstract 14724: Sex Differences in the Associations of Visceral Adipose Tissue and Cardiometabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The Framingham Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kammerlander ◽  
Asya Lyass ◽  
Taylor Mahoney ◽  
Joseph Massaro ◽  
Michelle T Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: The current clinical practice of defining obesity based on body mass index (BMI) does not capture differences in fat distribution between men and women. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as measured by computed tomography (CT), is an advanced measure of obesity that closely correlates with cardiometabolic risk independent of BMI. However, it remains unknown whether VAT adds additional prognostic significance over BMI in men or women. Methods: In participants of the Framingham Heart Study, we tested the associations of BMI and VAT with incident cardiometabolic events (diabetes, hypertension, low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia), and incident cardiovascular events and death. Mean follow-up was 12.7±2.1 years. Logistic and Cox-regression models were adjusted for age and smoking and adjusted odds and hazard ratios (adj. OR, adj. HR), are presented per 1-SD increase of each measure of body fat. Results: The study cohort comprised 3,482 participants (48.1% women, 50.8±10.3 years old). In men, VAT, as compared to BMI, had a similar strength of association with all cardiometabolic outcomes and incident cardiovascular disease (Figure). In women, however, VAT conferred a markedly greater association with incident cardiometabolic and cardiovascular disease compared to BMI (Figure). Conclusion and Relevance: BMI adequately captures VAT-associated cardiometabolic and cardiovascular risk in men but not in women. In women, abdominal CT-based VAT measures permit more precise assessment of obesity-associated cardiometabolic and cardiovascular risk.

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