The genetics of Cochliobolus spiciferus. I. Genetic inhibition of perithecial and ascus formation

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Webster ◽  
R. R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Homozygous Condition ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Recessive Form ◽  
Fusion Nucleus ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The present investigation showed that certain conidial isolates of C. spiciferus exhibit complete mating inhibition, although the matings consisted of pairings between opposite compatibility types. Other isolates of opposite compatibility produced only sterile perithecia when mated under favorable cultural conditions. It was determined through a genetic analysis that perithecial inhibition in C. spiciferus is conditioned by the presence of the recessive allelic forms, in the homozygous condition in the fusion nucleus at either of two loci designated as I1 and I2. The formation of asci in matings between strains of opposite compatibility was found to be inhibited when both isolates of the mating contain the recessive form of a third gene designated as S.The results are discussed in connection with their significance in assessing the biological relationship of C. spiciferus to other members of the genus Cochliobolus and to members of the genus Curvularia.

Virus Vector Relationship of Yellow Mosaic Virus and Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in Soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Swathi ◽  
Neeta Gaur ◽  
Kamendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Starvation Period ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Whitefly is one of the most destructive sucking pest in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and causing significant crop losses directly by sucking sap from the plants and indirectly through the transmission of viral diseases specifically caused by the genus Begomovirus. The Begomovirus species viz., Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) and Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) are causing yellow mosaic virus disease in soybean, which is transmitted by whiteflies. The disease accounts to 30-70 per cent yield loss and increases up to 80 - 100 per cent during severe incidence. Hence, there is a need for development of integrated pest management strategies against disease and whiteflies, for this the knowledge on virus-vector relationship is required. But, the studies on biological relationship of yellow mosaic virus disease and whitefly in soybean are scarce. At this juncture, considering the importance of disease in soybean, the present investigation was carried out to know the virus -vector relationship of the YMV and whitefly in soybean.Methods: The experiment on virus-vector relationship of yellow mosaic virus and whitefly in soybean was conducted at Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during 2016-17. The data on number of whiteflies per plant, acquisition and inoculation access feeding period and pre and post starvation period required for effective transmission of virus was recorded.Result: A single viruliferous whitefly was able to transmit virus and ten viruliferous whiteflies per plant were required for cent per cent transmission of virus. The minimum acquisition access and inoculation access feeding periods required for virus transmission was 0.25h (15 min) each; while the 100 per cent virus transmission was recorded with acquisition and inoculation period of 12h, each. The per cent transmission was increased with the increase of acquisition and inoculation periods. The rate of transmission was positively correlated with pre-acquisition starvation period and negatively correlated with post- acquisition starvation period.

Pedigree Dorset Horn sheep in Australia. 2. Breed structure and genetic analysis

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Fogarty
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Genetic Contribution ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Breed Improvement ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of

Flock Books were used to determine the breed structure of pedigree Dorset Horn sheep in Australia. Four-generation ram sample pedigrees were used to determine important flocks in 1954, 1969 and 1974. Two-line ram sample pedigrees traced to foundation or imported animals were used to determine important animals and the level of inbreeding and its components in the same years. A hierarchical breed structure was found to exist. Only 15 to 18 per cent of flocks were Breeders' Flocks, i.e. supplied rams to other pedigree flocks, and only one-third of these supplied rams to other Breeders' Flocks. The effective number of flocks supplying sires in the third and fourth generations was two to three in 1954 and four to five in 1974 and 1969. One flock, Newbold, had a genetic contribution of over 40 per cent in 1954. Two flocks had a genetic contribution of over 20 per cent each, with five flocks having a combined genetic contribution of over 62 per cent in 1974. Total inbreeding was 12.5 per cent and increased by 1.5 per cent per generation in the five years to 1974. Current inbreeding was 1.85 per cent in 1974 with 5.0 per cent of matings being parent-offspring and 3.7 per cent paternal half-sib. Expected long-term inbreeding (7.9 per cent) was the major component, which was caused by few animals being used extensively in the development of the breed. One sire had a direct relationship of 30 per cent to rams registered in 1974. Implications of the high level of inbreeding are discussed as well as development of breed improvement schom3s within the existing breed structure.

scholarly journals Distribution of Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith and its Interrelationship with Host Plants in Chitwan Annapurna Landscape of Central Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Kishor Chandra Ghimire ◽  
Daya Ram Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Distribution Frequency

Occurrence and variety of flowering host plant of native Bombus pollinators are viewed as basicalternatives than the imported species. The use of native bumblebee species for pollination wasconsidered more significant than imported bumblebees to reduce environmental impact and pestproblems. B. haemorrhoidalis is the most dominant species of Chitwan Annapurna Landscape inagricultural and wild flora during April to September 2019. We followed assessable walking trailsand used insect net for sample collection. The effect of different environmental variables on the floralhost plant resources of this native bumblebee was examined. With eight locations ranging from 1407to 2506 meters above sea level, twenty-seven species of seventeen plant families were identified aspollen and nectar foraging host plants. B haemorrhidalis distribution frequency is correlated withrelative humidity (0.07438968) and altitude (0.495657857). The most visited plant family wasBalsaminaceae and plant was Imatian scrabida. This study gives the knowledge of abundance of hostplants, ecological and biological relationship of the B. haemorrhoidalis in Nepal

Experience in studying blood alkalinity in eczema

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
B. S. Bikkenin ◽  
N. N. Yasnitsky
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomic Innervation ◽  
General State ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The etiology of eczema is still one of the darkest and most controversial, still awaiting its resolution in dermatology. The peculiarity of the course and clinical varieties of eczema, which in some cases do not fit into the framework of a certain symptom complex, its occurrence in persons suffering from constitutional diseases, undoubtedly in some cases causing dependence on disorders in the field of autonomic innervation, finally, studied experimentally by Jadassohn, Bloch , Wеidеnfeld'om the reactivity of the skin of eczematics, its special state of readiness for eczema (Eczembereit-schaft), which is an expression of sensitization all this makes the view of eczema quite reasonable as a process that is etiologically closely associated with changes in the general state of the body. From this point of view, those studies that are aimed at finding out the intimate biological relationship of the skin with various systems of internal organs and to establish the ways in which the influence of metabolic disorders should be transmitted to the skin are of particular importance.

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