Changes in cell size and number associated with the effects of light intensity and temperature on the leaf morphology of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. C. Friend ◽  
Marion E. Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
High Light ◽  
Cell Length ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Spring Variety ◽  
Growth Changes

In a spring variety of wheat an increase in light intensity over the range 200 to 5000 ft-c reduced the length of the lamina by reducing both the number and length of epidermal cells. The optimal temperature for cell length was 30 °C or above, but the number of cell divisions along the lamina decreased over the range 20 to 30 °C so that lamina length was greatest at 25 °C.Similar results were obtained with a winter variety of wheat chosen to avoid complications caused by possible interference between leaf and inflorescence growth. Changes in the size of the mesophyll cells were generally similar to those in the epidermis. The thicker leaves formed at high light intensities also had thicker mesophyll cells.

scholarly journals Light, Temperature, and Moisture Effects on Apothecium Production of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 1287-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sun ◽  
X. B. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Low Light Intensity ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of light, moisture, and temperature on apothecium production of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Sclerotia were placed in sand beds in crispers and exposed to two light intensities. For each light intensity, sclerotia were subjected to five temperature levels and three moisture levels. The results showed that the optimal temperature and temperature range for germination of sclerotia were affected by both light intensity and the moisture level of the sand. At light intensity of 80 to 90 mol m-2 s-1 (low light intensity treatment), the optimal temperatures were in the range of 12 to 18°C regardless of moisture level. At light intensity of 120 to 130 mol m-2 s-1 (high light intensity treatment), the optimal temperature was shifted to 20°C when the soil moisture level was high. Under high light intensity, only a few days were needed for initials to develop into apothecia. Under low light intensity, several weeks were needed for initials to develop into apothecia. The frequency with which initials developed into apothecia was high under high light intensity (80%) but low under low light intensity. The initials produced at low light intensity and high temperature (25 to 30°C) were thinner and longer. The apothecia also were smaller at low light intensity than those produced at high light intensity at any temperature. The periods for apothecium production were longer under lower temperature treatments. The relationship between apothecium production and degree days was analyzed. Apothecium production began at about 160 degree days and ceased at about 900 degree days at high light intensity. However, production began at about 760 degree days and ceased at 1,720 degree days at low light intensity. Nonlinear regression equations which describe the relationship between cumulative formation of apothecia and degree days were highly significant. The deviation between the observed value and the predicted value increased as degree days increased.

Characteristics of Photosynthesis in Different Wheat Cultivars under High Light Intensity and High Temperature Stresses

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2196-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Li QI ◽  
Lin HU ◽  
Hai-Bin DONG ◽  
Lei ZHANG ◽  
Gen-Song WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Temperature Stresses

scholarly journals Towards an optimum silicon heterojunction solar cell configuration for high temperature and high light intensity environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Abdallah ◽  
Ounsi El Daif ◽  
Brahim Aïssa ◽  
Maulid Kivambe ◽  
Nouar Tabet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cell ◽  
Cell Configuration ◽  
Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cell

High light intensity stress as the limiting factor in micropropagation of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amritpal S. Singh ◽  
A. Maxwell P. Jones ◽  
Mukund R. Shukla ◽  
Praveen K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Intensity Stress

Predator Detection is Limited in Microhabitats with High Light Intensity: An Experiment with Brown-Headed Cowbirds

Ethology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Fernández-Juricic ◽  
Marcella Deisher ◽  
Amy C. Stark ◽  
Jacquelyn Randolet
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Predator Detection

scholarly journals Protecting cotton photosynthesis during moderate chilling at high light intensity by increasing chloroplastic antioxidant enzyme activity

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (365) ◽  
pp. 2345-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paxton Payton ◽  
Robert Webb ◽  
Dmytro Kornyeyev ◽  
Randy Allen ◽  
A. Scott Holaday
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
High Light

Environmental Influence on the Tolerance of Corn to Atrazine

Weed Science ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lafayette Thompson ◽  
F. W. Slife ◽  
H. S. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Peptide Conjugates ◽  
Before And After

Corn(Zea maysL.) in the two to three-leaf stage grown 18 to 21 days in a growth chamber under cold, wet conditions was injured by postemergence application of 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine) plus emulsifiable phytobland oil. Injury was most severe when these plants were kept under cold, wet conditions for 48 hr after the herbicidal spray was applied, followed by exposure to high light intensity and high temperature. Under these growth chamber conditions, approximately 50% of the atrazine-treated plants died. Since wet foliage before and after application increased foliar penetration and low temperature decreased the rate of detoxication to peptide conjugates, atrazine accumulated under cold, wet conditions. This accumulation of foliarly-absorbed atrazine and the “weakened” conditions of the plants grown under the stress conditions is believed to be responsible for the injury to corn. Hydroxylation and the dihydroxybenzoxazin-3-one content in the roots were reduced at low temperature, but it is unlikely that this contributed to the death of the corn.

scholarly journals Effects of alkalinity and salinity at low and high light intensity on hydrogen isotope fractionation of long-chain alkenones produced by <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i>

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 5693-5704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella M. Weiss ◽  
Eva Y. Pfannerstill ◽  
Stefan Schouten ◽  
Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté ◽  
Marcel T. J. van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hydrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract. Over the last decade, hydrogen isotopes of long-chain alkenones have been shown to be a promising proxy for reconstructing paleo sea surface salinity due to a strong hydrogen isotope fractionation response to salinity across different environmental conditions. However, to date, the decoupling of the effects of alkalinity and salinity, parameters that co-vary in the surface ocean, on hydrogen isotope fractionation of alkenones has not been assessed. Furthermore, as the alkenone-producing haptophyte, Emiliania huxleyi, is known to grow in large blooms under high light intensities, the effect of salinity on hydrogen isotope fractionation under these high irradiances is important to constrain before using δDC37 to reconstruct paleosalinity. Batch cultures of the marine haptophyte E. huxleyi strain CCMP 1516 were grown to investigate the hydrogen isotope fractionation response to salinity at high light intensity and independently assess the effects of salinity and alkalinity under low-light conditions. Our results suggest that alkalinity does not significantly influence hydrogen isotope fractionation of alkenones, but salinity does have a strong effect. Additionally, no significant difference was observed between the fractionation responses to salinity recorded in alkenones grown under both high- and low-light conditions. Comparison with previous studies suggests that the fractionation response to salinity in culture is similar under different environmental conditions, strengthening the use of hydrogen isotope fractionation as a paleosalinity proxy.

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