Stomatal opening: the role of abscisic acid

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger F. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Intact Leaves

Abscisic acid inhibits stomatal opening in isolated abaxial epidermal strips of Vicia faba. Kinetin, benzyladenine, and gibberellic acid, which can enhance stomatal apertures in intact leaves, are ineffective on isolated epidermal strips. Abscisic acid appears to act directly on the guard cells, rather than by influencing water potentials throughout the leaf.

scholarly journals Effects of Cations and Abscisic Acid on Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Guard Cells of Vicia faba

1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruo Ogawa ◽  
David Grantz ◽  
John Boyer ◽  
Govindjee
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Guard Cells

Cytokinin- and auxin-induced stomatal opening involves a decrease in levels of hydrogen peroxide in guard cells of Vicia faba

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Gui Song ◽  
Xiao-Ping She ◽  
Jun-Min He ◽  
Chen Huang ◽  
Tu-sheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Diphenylene Iodonium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exogenous H2o2

Previous studies have shown that cytokinins and auxins can induce the opening of stomata. However, the mechanism of stomatal opening caused by cytokinins and auxins remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in guard cells and stomatal opening induced by cytokinins and auxins in Vicia faba. By means of stomatal bioassay and laser-scanning confocal microscopy, we provide evidence that cytokinins and auxins reduced the levels of H2O2 in guard cells and induced stomatal opening in darkness. Additionally, cytokinins not only reduced exogenous H2O2 levels in guard cells caused by exposure to light, but also abolished H2O2 that had been generated during a dark period, and promoted stomatal opening, as did ascorbic acid (ASA, an important reducing substrate for H2O2 removal). However, unlike cytokinins, auxins did not reduce exogenous H2O2, did not abolish H2O2 that had been generated in the dark, and therefore did not promote reopening of stoma induced to close in the dark. The above-mentioned effects of auxins were similar to that of diphenylene iodonium (DPI, an inhibitor of the H2O2-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase). Taken together our results indicate that cytokinins probably reduce the levels of H2O2 in guard cells by scavenging, whereas auxins limit H2O2 levels through restraining H2O2 generation, inducing stomatal opening in darkness.

scholarly journals Metabolism of Abscisic Acid in Guard Cells of Vicia faba L. and Commelina communis L.

1985 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Grantz ◽  
Tuan-Hua David Ho ◽  
Scott J. Uknes ◽  
John M. Cheeseman ◽  
John S. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Commelina Communis ◽  
Vicia Faba L

Ca2+ signalling in stomatal guard cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. McAinsh ◽  
J. E. Gray ◽  
A. M. Hetherington ◽  
C. P. Leckie ◽  
C. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Guard Cell ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Cell Turgor ◽  
Stomatal Guard Cells ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Characteristics

Ca2+ is a ubiquitous second messenger in the signal transduction pathway(s) by which stomatal guard cells respond to external stimuli. Increases in guard-cell cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) have been observed in response to stimuli that cause both stomatal opening and closure. In addition, several important components of Ca2+-based signalling pathways have been identified in guard cells, including the cADP-ribose and phospholipase C/Ins(1,4,5)P3-mediated Ca2+-mobilizing pathways. The central role of stimulus-induced increases in [Ca2+]cyt in guard-cell signal transduction has been clearly demonstrated in experiments examining the effects of modulating increases in [Ca2+]cyt on alterations in guard-cell turgor or the activity of ion channels that act as effectors in the guard-cell turgor response. In addition, the paradox that Ca2+ is involved in the transduction of signals that result in opposite end responses (stomatal opening and closure) might be accounted for by the generation of stimulus-specific Ca2+ signatures, such that increases in [Ca2+]cyt exhibit unique spatial and temporal characteristics.

scholarly journals Role of Potassium in Stomatal Opening in the Leaf of Vicia faba

1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Stomatal Opening

scholarly journals K+ transport properties of K+ channels in the plasma membrane of Vicia faba guard cells.

1988 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
J I Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Guard Cell ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Stomatal Opening ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
K Channels ◽  
K Transport ◽  
K Currents

Electrical properties of the plasma membrane of guard cell protoplasts isolated from stomates of Vicia faba leaves were studied by application of the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. The two types of K+ currents that have recently been identified in guard cells may allow efflux of K+ during stomatal closing, and uptake of K+ during stomatal opening (Schroeder et al., 1987). A detailed characterization of ion transport properties of the inward-rectifying (IK+,in) and the outward-rectifying (IK+,out) K+ conductance is presented here. The permeability ratios of IK+,in and IK+,out currents for K+ over monovalent alkali metal ions were determined. The resulting permeability sequences (PK+ greater than PRb+ greater than PNa+ greater than PLi+ much greater than PCs+) corresponded closely to the ion specificity of guard cell movements in V. faba. Neither K+ currents exhibited significant inactivation when K+ channels were activated for prolonged periods (greater than 10 min). The absence of inactivation may permit long durations of K+ fluxes, which occur during guard cell movements. Activation potentials of inward K+ currents were not shifted when external K+ concentrations were changed. This differs strongly from the behavior of inward-rectifying K+ channels in animal tissue. Blue light and fusicoccin induce hyperpolarization by stimulation of an electrogenic pump. From slow-whole-cell recordings it was concluded that electrogenic pumps require cytoplasmic substrates for full activation and that the magnitude of the pump current is sufficient to drive K+ uptake through IK+,in channels. First, direct evidence was gained for the hypothesis that IK+,in channels are a molecular pathway for K+ accumulation by the finding that IK+,in was blocked by Al3+ ions, which are known to inhibit stomatal opening but not closing. The results presented in this study strongly support a prominent role for IK+,in and IK+,out channels in K+ transport across the plasma membrane of guard cells.

scholarly journals Disruption of Microtubules by Abscisic Acid in Guard Cells of Vicia faba L.

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-J. Jiang ◽  
N. Nakajima ◽  
N. Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Guard Cells ◽  
Vicia Faba L
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