Production of the nutritional requirements for growth of Cronartium ribicola by a nonhost species

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1517-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harvey ◽  
J. L. Grasham
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Obligate Parasite ◽  
Ribes Spp

Tissue cultures derived from the cortex of Pseudotsuga menziesii provided the nutrients required to support growth of Cronartium ribicola, a rust fungus. In nature, this obligate parasite is sustained by Pinus and Ribes spp. only. The pathogen was separated from its source of nutrients by a cellulose membrane. These experiments demonstrated that the nutritional factors required for growth of this rust are not host-specific and have small molecular size.

Inoculation of a nonhost tissue culture with Cronartium ribicola

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harvey ◽  
J. L. Grasham
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola

Cultured tissues from Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco were successfully inoculated with Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch. ex Rabenh. Typical intracellular haustoria were formed 60 days after inoculation. Invaded nonhost tissues were necrotic within 90 days, and dead within 120 days. Tissue cultures of either Pinus monticola Dougl. or P. menziesii had an attractant effect on nearby rust mycelium.

The relative susceptibility of needle- and stem-derived white pine tissue cultures to artificial inoculation with mycelium of Cronartium ribicola

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1789-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harvey ◽  
J. L. Grasham
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Leaf Mesophyll ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Tissue cultures of Pinus monticola Dougl. derived from stem cortex and leaf tissues were found susceptible to artificial inoculations with mycelium from the blister rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola Fisch. ex Rabenh.). Tissue cultures from leaf mesophyll grew slower and were colonized more rapidly by this fungus than those derived from stem cortex.

Ultrastructure of hyphal walls and septa of Cronartium ribicola on tissue cultures of Pinus monticola

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2301-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Robb ◽  
A. E. Harvey ◽  
Michael Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Lateral Walls

Colonies of the rust fungus Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fischer were grown axenically and then transferred so that they lay immediately next to callus cultures of the pine host (Pinus monticola Dougl.). Twelve days after the establishment of this association samples of the fungal mycelium taken 2 mm away from the pine callus and at the host–parasite interface were fixed for electron microscopy. Differences were found in the appearance and thickness of the lateral walls and extracellular coatings depending on the proximity of the fungus to the host–parasite interface. Septa were intermediate in structure between the Ascomycete and dolipore types. The origin of the extracellular sheath is discussed.

scholarly journals First Report of the White Pine Blister Rust Fungus (Cronartium ribicola) Infecting Whitebark Pine (Pinus albicaulis) and Ribes spp. in the Jarbidge Mountains of Northeastern Nevada

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Vogler ◽  
D. A. Charlet
Keyword(s):  
Great Basin ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Pinus Albicaulis ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Whitebark Pine ◽  
First Report ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
The North ◽  
Ribes Spp ◽  
Bear Creek

The Jarbidge Mountains are a remote and little-visited desert mountain range at the northern edge of the Great Basin in Elko County, NV, 110 km north of Elko and 115 km southwest of Twin Falls, ID. The forest is dominated by subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) at lower elevations and whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) at higher elevations; limber pine (P. flexilis) occurs along streams in canyons at lower elevations (2). P. albicaulis and P. flexilis are hosts for the blister rust fungus, Cronartium ribicola. In the late 1990s, a survey across the Intermountain West reported no evidence of C. ribicola in the Jarbidge Mountains or elsewhere in the central Great Basin (3). However, unpublished observations by D. A. Charlet in 1988 and 2001 indicate that blister rust has been present in the Jarbidge Mountains for at least 16 years. In September 2002, D. R. Vogler visited the Jarbidge Mountains over a 2-week period, examining whitebark pines along the unpaved route through the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest connecting Highway 225 and Jarbidge, NV. Blister rust-infected whitebark were found in two locations: (i) Coon Creek Summit (2,575 m elevation), atop the divide between the Great Basin to the south and the Columbia Plateau to the north, and (ii) Bear Creek drainage (2,315 to 2,405 m elevation), 6.7 km northeast of Coon Creek Summit. At Coon Creek Summit, three whitebark pines ranging in diameter from 10 to 30 cm at breast height (dbh) were infected (evidenced by spindle-shaped branch swellings, aecia, and aeciospores), with the oldest infection occurring on wood produced in 1975. Assuming a mean needle retention of 10 years, the first pine infection likely occurred between 1975 and 1984. Ribes montigenum and an unknown Ribes sp. were common at Coon Creek Summit but were not infected. In the Bear Creek drainage north of the divide, 27 whitebark pines ranging in size from under 0.3 m high to 12 cm dbh were found infected, with the oldest infection on 1976 wood indicating an origin between 1976 and 1985. Most pines there, however, appeared to have been infected between 1994 and 1998. At Bear Creek, infection on Ribes spp. was common, with R. cereum the most frequently infected species. Voucher specimens of R. cereum (KPK-948 and KPK-949) are archived in the fungal herbarium at the Institute of Forest Genetics, Placerville, CA. On pine, fresh spermatia and aeciospores were abundant even though it was late in the season. Late sporulation has also been observed above 2,500 m on western white (P. monticola) and whitebark pine northeast of Lake Tahoe in Nevada (4). To our knowledge, our report marks the first recorded intrusion by C. ribicola into the north-central Great Basin. Recently, the first report of C. ribicola on Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (P. aristata) was documented in southern Colorado (1). Now, Great Basin bristlecone (P. longaeva), which is restricted in Nevada to higher elevations in the eastern and southern parts of the state (2), may also be at risk; the northernmost occurrence of this last whitepine holdout from blister rust is in the Ruby Mountains, 135 km south of our findings in the Jarbidge Mountains. References: (1) J. T. Blodgett and K. F. Sullivan. Plant Dis. 88:311, 2004. (2) D. A. Charlet. Atlas of Nevada Conifers. University of Nevada Press, Reno, 1996. (3) J. P. Smith and J. T. Hoffman. Western North American Naturalist 60:165, 2000. (4) J. P. Smith et al. Plant Dis. 84:594. 2000.

scholarly journals First Report of the White Pine Blister Rust Fungus, Cronartium ribicola, on Pedicularis bracteosa

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Zambino ◽  
B. A. Richardson ◽  
G. I. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Whitebark Pine ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Leaf Section ◽  
Ribes Spp

Until recently, Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch. was thought to utilize only Ribes spp. (Grossulariaceae) as telial hosts in North America. During 2004, Pedicularis racemosa Dougl. ex Benth. and Castilleja miniata Dougl. (Orobanchaceae) were proven as natural telial hosts at a subalpine site (48.634109°N, 116.570817°W, elevation 1,800 m) near Roman Nose Lake, ID, where whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) and western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don) are aecial hosts, and Pedicularis, Castilleja, and Ribes spp. are common herbs/shrubs (2). During August 2006, teliospore columns typical of C. ribicola or the morphologically indistinguishable (2) C. coleosporioides J.C. Arthur were found on two Pedicularis bracteosa Benth. plants at this site, within 3 m of a large, sporulating canker on whitebark pine. ITS/5.8S rDNA regions were sequenced using detached teliospore column samples from the two plants, ITS1F and ITS4 primers (3), and standard PCR protocols (2). One sample sequence was identified as C. ribicola and the other as C. coleosporioides (GenBank Accession Nos. EF185857 and EF185858, respectively), by exact matches in comparisons with published sequences (2). Artificial inoculation confirmed P. bracteosa's ability to host C. ribicola. Sections of leaves collected near Freezeout Saddle, ID (47.00885°N, 116.00846°W, elev. 1,600 m) were rinsed in water, placed abaxial side up on moistened filter paper in 150-mm petri plates, inoculated with seven diverse sources of urediniospores/aeciospores, misted with distilled water, and incubated at 18°C with 12 h of light. A single leaf section produced urediniospores 17 days and teliospores 26 days after inoculation with one of two Roman Nose aeciospore sources. Urediniospores from this leaf section caused infections on Ribes nigrum L., and teliospore columns yielded a DNA sequence that matched C. ribicola. Though P. bracteosa is confirmed as yet another natural host of C. ribicola in North America, it may be producing less C. ribicola inoculum for pine infection than do the P. racemosa and Ribes spp. telial hosts at the collection site. Uredinia and telia of C. ribicola on P. bracteosa were much less frequent and smaller than those on P. racemosa and Ribes spp. and those of C. coleosporioides on this same host (2). Pedicularis (but not Castilleja) spp. are significant telial hosts of C. ribicola strains at some high elevation sites in eastern Asia (1). Discovery of multiple North American telial hosts in the Orobanchaceae suggests unrecognized complexity in C. ribicola's ability to exploit ecological niches in recently established pathosystems of North America (2). References: (1) G. I. McDonald et al. Pages 41–57 in: Forest Pathology: From Genes to Landscapes. J. Lundquist and R. Hamelin, eds. The American Phytopathological Society. St. Paul, MN, 2005. (2) G. I. McDonald et al. For. Pathol. 36:73, 2006. (3) T. J. White et al. Pages 315–322 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. M. A. Innis et al. eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.

Inoculations of Scrophulariaceae with Cronartium ribicola

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2523-2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Native Habitat ◽  
Ribes Spp

Species of Castilleja, Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, (Scrophulariaceae), and Ribes (Grossulariaceae) in their native habitat were inoculated with aeciospores of the white pine blister rust fungus, Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fischer ex Rabh. Only Ribes spp. became infected.

Chrysomyxa abietis (needle rust of fir).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Obligate Parasite ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Accidental Introduction

Abstract C. abietis is a microcyclic rust fungus; an obligate parasite completing its life cycle on species of Picea (spruce). Only the current year's needles of Picea are infected and those needles are shed early. Reported from northern Europe and Asia, the fungus is a Regulated Pest for the USA. It is absent from North America, where susceptible species are native, and Australia and New Zealand, where they are introduced. Although usually not a significant problem in its native range, because conditions are not favourable for heavy infections every year (Smith et al., 1988; Hansen, 1997), this rust could be more damaging as an invasive in other temperate areas. Due to the fact that small amounts of infection may be overlooked, accidental introduction could occur through importation of infected seedlings or young trees.

Histopathology and Cytology of Cronartium ribicola in Tissue Cultures of Pinus monticola

1971 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola

scholarly journals Characterization of Five Novel Mitoviruses in the White Pine Blister Rust Fungus Cronartium ribicola

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0154267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jun Liu ◽  
Danelle Chan ◽  
Yu Xiang ◽  
Holly Williams ◽  
Xiao-Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust

Ultrastructure of tissue cultures of Pinus monticola infected by Cronartium ribicola. I. Prepenetration host changes

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Robb ◽  
A.E. Harvey ◽  
Michael Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pinus Monticola
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