The development of the glandular trichomes of Adenocaulon bicolor

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earic E. Karrfalt ◽  
Gerald L. Kreitner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Trichome Cell ◽  
Scanning Electron

The development of the stalked, capitate, glandular trichomes found on the inflorescence axes of Adenocaulon bicolor was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The trichomes are not initiated until the stems have essentially ceased to grow in diameter. In early development the trichomes are biseriate, but later become several cells wide partly as the result of contributions from other epidermal cells rather than exclusively from longitudinal divisions in the developing trichome. Cell divisions occur throughout the trichome primordia and are not restricted to an acropetal or basipetal sequence. The mature trichomes are relatively large, 200–250 μm high, but are entirely of epidermal origin.

scholarly journals Micromorphology and anatomy of three Symphytum (Boraginaceae) taxa from Turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oznur Ergen Akcin ◽  
Hilal Baki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Micromorphology And Anatomy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Symphytum asperum Lepechin, S. ibericum Steven and S. sylvaticum Boiss. were examined morphologically, micromorphologically and anatomically. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine leaf surface and trichomes of these species. These species had bifacial and hypostomatous leaf types. Epidermal cells of leaves were usually polygonal or irregular in form. The pattern of anticlinical cells may vary in different species and between the upper and lower epidermis of the same species. Stomata are anisocytic and anomocytic in three species. Stomata index is 27.5 for S. sylvaticum, 24.65 for S. ibericum and 21.86 for S. asperum glandular trichomes are capitate in forms and more dense on the lower epidermis than upper epidermis. Eglandular trichomes are simple, short or long, unicellular or multicellular and thin or thick. Key words: Micromorphology, Anatomy, Symphytum DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1496 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 93-103, 2007 (December)   

Scanning Electron Microscopy Coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectrometric Analysis Reveals for the First Time Weddellite and Sylvite Crystals on the Surface of Involucral Bracts and Petals of two Xeranthemum L. (Compositae) Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Gavrilović ◽  
Suzana Erić ◽  
Petar D. Marin ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Alfonso Susanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tetragonal Bipyramid ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this work, weddellite and sylvite crystals are identified for the first time on the involucral bracts and petals of Xeranthemum annuum and Xeranthemum cylindraceum using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometric (SEM-EDS) analysis. Well-developed crystals of weddellite (CaC2O4·2H2O) occur in the form of a tetragonal bipyramid (hhl), rarely in combination of a bipyramid and tetragonal prism (h00). Indumentum of involucral bracts of X. cylindraceum consists of nonglandular and glandular trichomes. Sylvite (KCl) crystals are observed only on the petal surface of X. cylindraceum. The crystals of sylvite occur in the form of perfect cubes (hexahedrons), but some crystals are deformed, i.e., partially elongated. Taxonomic significance of investigated microcharacters as well as the use of SEM-EDS analysis in taxonomic studies of plants are discussed.

scholarly journals Petal and Sepal Epidermal Micromorphology of Six Lathyrus Taxa (Fabaceae) and their Systematic Value

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin CILDIR ◽  
Ahmet KAHRAMAN ◽  
Musa DOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Systematic Significance ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the epidermal types and their distribution on dorsal and lateral petals, the trichome types and their density on sepals of Lathyrus chloranthus, L. digitatus, L. laxiflorus subsp. laxiflorus, L. roseus subsp. roseus, L. sativus, and L. tuberosus, belonging to sections Lathyrus, Lathyrostylis, Pratensis, and Orobon of the genus Lathyrus in Turkey were investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the systematic significance of these characters was evaluated. These taxa, except L. sativus, are studied for the first time under aspects of the petal and sepal micromorphology. Three major epidermal types were recognized on the petal: tabular rugose striate cells (TRS), areolate cells with more or less striations (AS), and papillose conical striate cells (PCS). TRS and AS were further subdivided into three subtypes. TRS was found on the dorsal and lateral petals of L. chloranthus, L. sativus, and L. tuberosus: the dorsal petals of L. roseus subsp. roseus and the lateral petals of L. laxiflorus subsp. laxiflorus, while AS was present on the dorsal and lateral petals of L. digitatus and the lateral petals of L. roseus subsp. roseus. PCS was found only on the dorsal petals of L. digitatus. Three main types of trichomes on the sepal were observed: peltate glandular, capitate glandular, and nonglandular trichomes. The capitate glandular and nonglandular trichomes were further subdivided into three subtypes. The peltate glandular trichomes were present only in L. chloranthus, but absent in the others. The capitate glandular trichomes were found in L. chloranthus, L. laxiflorus subsp. laxiflorus, L. roseus subsp. roseus, and L. tuberosus. The nonglandular trichomes were always present in L. chloranthus and L. laxiflorus subsp. laxiflorus. The present results show that the petal and sepal micromorphology can be used in delimitation of the taxa based on petal and sepal micromorphology.

Brittle fracture of epidermal cells by liquid shear

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-705
Author(s):  
G.M. Gray ◽  
H.J. Yardley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Press ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Cell Fragments ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Liquid Shear

A suspension of epidermal cells obtained from pig tail skin by trypsinization was subjected to high liquid-shear forces in a French press. The material issuing from the press was examined by phase-contrast microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The cytoskeleton of tonofibrils retained the shape of cell fragments, and subcellular organelles remained enmeshed in the network of tonofibrils. Examination of some cell fragments by scanning electron microscopy revealed the internal organization of the tonofibrils. The relevance of these findings to the problem of isolating subcellular fractions from epidermis is discussed.

Étude biomathématique du nombre de glandes peltées des feuilles de Mentha ×piperita

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1202-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Colson ◽  
R. Pupier ◽  
A. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Blade Surface ◽  
Precise Description ◽  
Meristematic Activity ◽  
Scanning Electron

The enumeration of peltate glands on Mentha ×piperata leaves was carried out with respect to the date of leaf initiation and the state of its development. For this purpose, observations were made using scanning electron microscopy associated with a mathematical method based on a precise description of gland dispersal on the leaf blade surface. The number of glands can thus be estimated by using only a few photographs of the foliar region located at 2/5 of the leaf length, measuring from the base. The analyses demonstrate a consistency in the number of peltate glands for a given foliar verticil, when the leaf height is equal to or greater than 10 mm. Furthermore, these analyses indicate that the number of peltate glands vary as a function of the level of the foliar verticil. This number increases progressively in verticils 1 to 10, stabilizes, and then decreases in the last verticils produced. This reduction may originate in the meristematic activity that is gradually oriented towards efflorescence. Key words: Mentha, glandular trichomes, enumeration, spatial distribution, leaves, scanning electron microscopy. [Journal translation]

Petal epidermal micromorphology in holoparasitic Orobanchaceae and its significance for systematics and pollination ecology

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Piwowarczyk ◽  
Justyna Kasińska
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pollination Ecology ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Nectar Guides ◽  
The Family ◽  
Holoparasitic Plants ◽  
Scanning Electron

Flowers of holoparasitic plants have evolved several adaptations for pollination as part of their parasitic strategies. A study of the petal epidermis may be useful to systematics as well as to the knowledge of ecological and co-evolutionary adaptations between the parasites and their pollinators. The present work is a comparative study of the microsculpture of nectar guides and landing platforms in the flowers of holoparasitic species in the family Orobanchaceae. In total, 285 samples of 39 species from 10 holoparasitic genera (Boschniakia C.A.Mey. ex Bong., Boulardia F.W.Schultz, Cistanche Hoffmanns. & Link, Conopholis Wallr., Diphelypaea Nicolson, Epifagus Nutt., Mannagettaea H.Sm., Orobanche L., Phacellanthus Siebold & Zucc. and Phelipanche Pomel) and as an outgroup, of six additional hemiparasitic genera (Castilleja Mutis ex L.f., Euphrasia L., Orthantha (Benth.) A.Kern., Parentucellia Viv., Rhinanthus L., and Striga Lour.) were analysed using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Types of epidermal cells were characterised, and their distribution on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the petals determined. The following four major epidermal types were recognised: tabular rugose striate cells (TRS), areolate cells (AS), papillose conical cells (PCS) and lobular striate cells (PLS). Two main types of trichomes were observed, namely glandular and non-glandular. Our results showed that petal micromorphology may be useful to systematics; its influence in relation to the pollinators is discussed.

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