The cytogeography of Aster lanceolatus. III. Cytoecology in southern Ontario

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1879-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Chmielewski ◽  
J. C. Semple
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Community Type ◽  
Essex County ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Kent County ◽  
Type Water

Aster lanceolatus Willd. is represented by five polyploid levels in southern Ontario: tetraploid (2n = 32), pentaploid (2n = 40), hexaploid(2n = 48), heptaploid (2n = 56), andoctoploid(2n = 64). Tetraploids were absent from the Niagara Peninsula in the southeast and Essex County, Kent County, Lambton County, and Elgin County in the southwest, whereas the hexaploids were ubiquitous. Correlations were found between chromosome number and habitat (community type), water content of the soil, physiographic region, and grouped physiographic region. These correlations notwithstanding, the distribution of the two predominant cytotypes in southern Ontario may also be related to historical factors.

ADDITIONAL NOTES ON COLEOPTERA TAKEN IN ESSEX COUNTY AND SOUTHERN ONTARIO, CANADA.

1947 ◽  
Vol 79 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 148-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Essex County ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
The Third

This list follows closely on the third of three previously published articles in the Canadian Entomologist. Mr. C. A. Frost of Framingham, Massachusetts, has checked and supplied me with identifications of all but two of the specimens. His generous interest in determining some of the beetles for which names have been difficult to obtain made this paper possible.

Soil solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants controls clubroot of cauliflowers, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 843 ◽  
Author(s):  
IJ Porter ◽  
PR Merriman ◽  
PJ Keane
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Soil Fumigants

The effect of solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants on the severity of clubroot and yield of cauliflowers was determined at 2 locations in southern Victoria. The effectiveness of treatments was shown to be dependent on location; on the type, water content and temperature of soil; and on the population density of Plasmodiophora brassicae. Yields were reduced depending upon the disease severity, usually within 60 days after transplanting. Propagules of P. brassicae could survive for more than 28 days in ovens at 45�C when in dry soil but died within 14 days at 40�C in moist soil. At Werribee in 1985 on a red brown earth, solarisation combined with dazomet (100 kg dazomet/ha) gave significantly better control than either treatment alone. This treatment reduced P. brassicae in the 0-10 cm layer, reduced the disease rating from 2.7 to 0.9 (0-3), and increased yield from 2.4 to 47 t/ha compared with controls. In 1986, solarisation combined with 98% methyl bromide-2% chloropicrin (100 and 250 kg/ha) reduced the population density of P. brassicae in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers of soil, reduced the disease rating from 3 to 1.8, and increased yield from 0 to 22 t/ha. These treatments were more effective than solarisation and dazomet used alone or in combination. At Keysborough in 1985 on a grey sand, separate treatments of solarisation or dazomet (100 and 250 kg dazometha) were as effective as combined treatments and significantly reduced disease and increased yields compared to controls. Solarisation combined with either fumigant significantly reduced the distribution and total number of weeds at all sites and was generally more effective than separate treatments.

ADDITIONAL NOTES ON COLEOPTERA TAKEN IN ESSEX COUNTY AND SOUTHERN ONTARIO

1947 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Essex County ◽  
Southern Ontario

The following list of specimens is supplementary to two previously published articles (1944, Canad. Ent. 76:163 and 1945, Canad. Ent. 77:214) on Essex County material. Appended to the list are miscellaneous records of 17 species captured in Ontario locations other than Essex County. These have been added to this paper since they are thought to be of noteworthy interest. The species in each part follow as closely as possible C.W. Leng's Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America north of Mexico.

scholarly journals Influences of Cropping Practices on Verticillium dahliae Populations in Commercial Processing Tomato Fields in Ontario

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1011-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Harrington ◽  
K. F. Dobinson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Essex County ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Group I ◽  
Kent County ◽  
Commercial Processing ◽  
Race 2

The abundance of Verticillium dahliae in the soil and the incidence of V. dahliae-infected plants were determined for 12 commercial processing tomato fields in Kent County, Ontario. Comparison of the data with those from a previous survey of fields in adjacent Essex County showed that soil inoculum levels and incidence of infection were generally lower in Kent County fields and that race 2 V. dahliae was not common in Kent County. From the two counties, 128 isolates were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, using the subspecies-specific repetitive DNA sequence E18. A subset of these isolates was also characterized by vegetative compatibility and DNA hybridization analysis with a second subspecies-specific DNA sequence. Isolates with E18 RFLP profiles highly similar to those of isolates previously collected from potato fields in North America were prevalent in Essex County tomato fields but not common in Kent County fields. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the group I isolates were introduced into southwestern Ontario with potato and that the different cultural practices in Essex County and Kent County have contributed to the differences in the accumulation of these isolates in the two regions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of triethanolamine-cashew nutshell liquid derivatives as crude oil emulsion breakers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Victor-Oji ◽  
U. J. Chukwu ◽  
O. Akaranta
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Test Method ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Cashew Nutshell Liquid ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Demulsification Efficiency

AbstractThree bio-based crude oil emulsion breakers have been prepared from agricultural waste by chemical treatment of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) extract with triethanolamine via a one-pot reaction at 120 ℃. The triethanolamine-ester derivatives were characterized by Fourier Transform–InfraRed spectroscopy. Their effectiveness as crude oil emulsion breakers were investigated experimentally using the bottle test method. The effect of solvent type, water content, and concentration of the emulsion breaker, was used to study the demulsification process and determine their demulsification efficiency at a temperature of 60 ℃ for a contact time of 180 min. A commercial demulsifier, PhaseTreat 4633 (PT-4633) was used as a benchmark. Performance evaluation of the prepared emulsion breakers revealed their effectiveness in descending order as: triethanolamine dianacardate (TED) > triethanolamine trianacardate (TET) > triethanolamine anacardate (TEA). The data reveals that their emulsion breaking efficiency increases with increasing emulsion water content, and concentration. PT-4633 exhibited better demulsification efficiency than the triethanolamine-esters in xylene across the concentration and water content studied. Improved water separation was however observed for the triethanolamine-esters in butanol, as triethanolamine trianacardate (TET) performed better than PT-4633 at 10 ppm to 20 ppm at 30% water content with a water separation of 83.33% and 80% respectively. The evaluated triethanolamine ester derivatives exhibited better emulsion breaking potentials in butanol than xylene at shorter times, which may be due to the synergistic effect of butanol. Therefore, butanol could be used as a sustainable solvent substitute for xylene in demulsifier formulations.

MEIOSIS AND POLYPLOIDY IN ONTARIO SPECIES OF CRATAEGUS IN RELATION TO THEIR SYSTEMATICS

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Muniyamma ◽  
J. B. Phipps
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Agamic Complex ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Extensive Documentation ◽  
Meiotic Irregularities ◽  
The Common ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Chromosome number determinations of 68 accessions of about 20 species in 11 series of Crataegus (hawthorn), Rosaceae, occurring in southern Ontario are presented. This is the first extensive documentation of chromosome numbers in North American Crataegus since Longley's (1924) account which was based on sectioned material. Our results, taken in the context of our cytological work proving the presence of apomixis in the genus, and taxonomic studies, clearly establish that in Ontario Crataegus is part of an extensive agamic complex consisting of diploids (2n = 34), polyploids (3x and 4x) and some aneuploids. Cytological observations of the triploids (2n = 51) and tetraploids (2n = 68) that have indicated the occurrence of meiotic irregularities and various degrees of pollen sterility in some of the polyploid taxa studied, underline the significance of apomixis in Crataegus evolution. One of the common Ontario species, C. punctata, is shown to be a probable sexual diploid and further cytological work should now be concentrated on particular species complexes.

Effect of Fiber Type, Water Content, and Velocity on Wetness Perception by the Volar Forearm Test: Threshold Detection Test

Perception ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Zhaohua Zhang ◽  
Xiangning Tang ◽  
Yunyi Wang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Miao Tian
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Threshold Detection ◽  
Test Threshold ◽  
Volar Forearm ◽  
Type Water

Effect of Fiber Type, Water Content, and Velocity on Wetness Perception by the Volar Forearm Test: Stimulus Intensity Test

Perception ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 862-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohua Zhang ◽  
Xiangning Tang ◽  
Yunyi Wang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Miao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Thermal Flow ◽  
Skin Cooling ◽  
Skin Wetness ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Transient Thermal

To investigate the effect of heat, moisture transfer, and mechanical tactile properties of fabrics on skin wetness perception when fabrics were in dynamic contact with skin at three velocities, nine knitted fabrics varying in fiber composition, thickness, and surface texture were evaluated by 20 participants using a wetness rating scale. The objective physical properties of the fabrics, namely, heat and moisture transfer and surface texture, and human physiological responses, namely, skin cooling rate and myoelectric signals, under various conditions were measured, and their correlations with the subjective wetness perception were studied. While the results indicated a significant influence of fabric type, water content, and velocity on skin wetness perception, no significant relation between electromyography and wetness perception was found. Fabrics with faster water spreading speeds and lower absorption rates were perceived as less wet, and the maximum transient thermal flow and skin cooling rate had a significant positive correlation with wetness perception. Furthermore, subjective wetness perception was predicted by the physical parameters of the fabric, that is, maximum transient thermal flow, water content, and friction coefficient, with an acceptable goodness of fit ( R2 = 0.82, p < .001).

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