Role of chromosome 5A in wheat in control of some traits associated with cold hardiness of winter wheat

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts ◽  
M. D. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Chromosome 5A ◽  
Prostrate Growth

Chromosome 5A in the hardy winter wheats 'Winalta' and 'Kharkov 22 MC (Triticum aestivum L.) carries at least one of the several loci controlling the expression of cold hardiness, low temperature induced reduction in leaf length, percent dry matter in leaves, prostrate growth habit, and proportion of peak I to peak II invertase in leaves.

Identification of loci on chromosome 5A of wheat involved in control of cold hardiness, vernalization, leaf length, rosette growth habit, and height of hardened plants

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Spring Growth Habit ◽  
Chromosome 5A ◽  
The One

The offspring from crosses of 'Cadet' by 'Cadet – Rescue 5A' and 'Winalta' by 'Winalta – Rescue 5A' were studied to obtain information on the inheritance of cold hardiness, winter–spring growth habit, rosette growth habit, height of cold-hardened plants, and length of leaves of hardened plants. The results indicate that a minimum of two loci on chromosome 5A are involved with cold hardening. One locus controls hardiness in part and is tightly linked to the one that controls in part the length of leaves of hardened plants. The other locus is, or it tightly linked to, Vrn1, a winter-spring growth habit locus. This locus may also control part of rosette growth habit. It is postulated that Vrn1 is involved in sensing temperature and in part triggering vernalization, cold hardening, and the development of the rosette growth habit. If so, Vrn1 could code for production of a temperature-sensitive protein, which undergoes conformational changes with changes in temperature.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cold hardiness, vernalization, rosette growth habit, plant height, leaf length, temperature sensing.

Influence of photoperiod response on the expression of cold hardiness in wheat and barley

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mahfoozi ◽  
A. E. Limin ◽  
P. M. Hayes ◽  
P. Hucl ◽  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitivity ◽  
Photoperiod Response ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Vernalization and photoperiod requirements regulate the timing of the vegetative/reproductive transition in plants. Cereals adapted to cold winter climates regulate this developmental transition mainly through vernalization requirements, which delay transition from the vegetative to the reproductive growth stage. Recent research indicates that vernalization requirements also influence the expression of low-temperature (LT) tolerance genes in cereals exposed to acclimating temperatures. The objective of the present study was to determine if LT tolerance expression was also developmentally regulated by photoperiod response. The nonhardy, short day (SD) sensitive, wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) cultivar AC Minto, the LT tolerant, highly SD sensitive barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar Dicktoo, and a barley selection with very low sensitivity to SD were subjected to 8-h (SD) and 20-h (LD) days at cold acclimating temperatures over a period of 98 d. Final leaf number (FLN) was used to measure photoperiod sensitivity and determine the vegetative/reproductive transition point. The LT tolerance of the less SD sensitive barley genotype was similar for LD and SD treatments. In contrast, a delay in the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage in AC Minto and Dicktoo grown under SD resulted in an increased level and/or longer retention of LT tolerance. These results support the hypothesis that not only the level, but also the duration of gene expression determines the degree of LT tolerance in cereals. Consequently, any factor that lengthens the vegetative stage, such as vernalization or photoperiod sensitivity, also increases the duration of expression of LT tolerance genes. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., Hordeum vulgare L., low-temperature tolerance, photoperiod, developmental regulation

Morphological and cytological characters associated with low-temperature tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Limin ◽  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Highly Correlated

Attempts to associate morphological or cytological characters with low-temperature (LT) tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) and other members of the Triticeae group have met with ambiguous or contradictory results. Consequently no single character has emerged that can be considered a reliable predictor of LT tolerance. Twenty-six winter wheat cultivars of diverse origin were analyzed to determine the association among leaf length, width, area and cell size (guard cell length) and their association with LT stress tolerance. Measurements were made on plants grown at 4 °C and at 17 °C to determine if expression of LT tolerance associated characters was temperature dependent. At 4 °C, all individual leaf characters measured, including cell size, were very highly correlated with LT tolerance and with each other. Undisturbed plant height was not significantly correlated with LT tolerance until 5 wk of growth at 4 °C and reached its highest correlation at 10 wk when the plants were on average at their most prostrate state of growth. Growth at 17 °C resulted in much weaker relationships among all characters. At 4 °C short narrow leaves and small cell size were the best indicators of LT stress tolerance. Prostrate growth habit of plants grown at LT was also a good indicator of plant LT tolerance, but measurements of this character did not improve prediction equations based on leaf characters and cell size. Key words: Low-temperature tolerance, plant morphology, cell size, leaf characteristics, Triticum aestivum

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

scholarly journals Pivotal role of bZIPs in amylose biosynthesis by genome survey and transcriptome analysis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Ankita Mishra ◽  
Himanshu Sharma ◽  
Dixit Sharma ◽  
Mohammed Saba Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Genome Survey

The Role of Leaf Epicuticular Wax in the Adaptation of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) to High Temperatures and Moisture Deficit Conditions

Crop Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 679-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suheb Mohammed ◽  
Trevis D. Huggins ◽  
Francis Beecher ◽  
Chris Chick ◽  
Padma Sengodon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Moisture Deficit ◽  
Leaf Epicuticular Wax
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