Gene expression during the infection process in nodulating and nonnodulating pea genotypes

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2535-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Le Gal ◽  
S. L. A. Hobbs ◽  
C. M. O. Delong
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
North American ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Root Proteins

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Afghanistan inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar. viciae aborts the nodulation process if North American strains are used but will form effective nodules with strain TOM. Early nodulins (nodule specific root proteins) were examined by in vitro translation of total root or root + nodule RNA and two-dimensional gel analysis. Qualitatively different protein patterns were found between effective nodulation in Trapper (a North American variety) and 'Afghanistan' and between effective and abortive nodulation in 'Afghanistan'. Six days after inoculation a 26-kDa protein was evident that was only produced in Trapper roots and several nodulins were visible. Nodulin N-37 was present in effective and abortive combinations. Nodulin N-52 was present in inoculated Trapper but not in inoculated 'Afghanistan', whereas N-23 was present in inoculated 'Afghanistan' but not in inoculated Trapper. Nodulin N-58 occurred only in abortive combinations with 'Afghanistan'. Nonnodulating Trapper (Trapper into which the nonnodulation genes of 'Afghanistan' had been back-crossed) showed the same patterns of gene expression as 'Afghanistan'. The expression of several genes apparently differs between 'Afghanistan' and Trapper for the nodulation process.

Cytological studies of the infection process in nodulating and nonnodulating pea genotypes

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2435-2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Le Gal ◽  
S. L. A. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Infection Threads ◽  
American Strain ◽  
Plant Effect

Pisum sativum L., cv. Afghanistan, does not form nodules with 128C52, a North American strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Timing of the abortion of the nodulation process was determined by microscopy in both 'Afghanistan' and nonnodulating 'Trapper,' produced by backcrossing the nonnodulating genes of 'Afghanistan' into 'Trapper,' a North American variety. Three to 5 days after inoculation, we observed deformed roots and localized swellings as well as loosely curled root hairs in these nonnodulating combinations. Rhizobia entered root hairs and epidermal cells, but no infection threads were seen. Cortical cells divided and a nodule meristem was initiated. Some meristematic cells showed abnormal features such as a high concentration of free ribosomes, dilated endoplasmic reticulum often connected to a dilated nuclear envelope, and disrupted mitochondria. Cortical cells around the nodule meristem were devoid of starch grains. Such phenotypes are known to be associated with rhizobial mutants, but in this case a plant effect is responsible.

In-Vitro Translation and Processing of Compartment-Specific Glucan Phosphorylase Isozymes from Pisum Sativum L.

1990 ◽  
pp. 2511-2514
Author(s):  
Martin Steup ◽  
Jochen van Berkel ◽  
Jutta Conrads-Strauch
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Glucan Phosphorylase

scholarly journals Blockage of tropoelastin secretion by monensin represses tropoelastin synthesis at a pretranslational level in rat smooth muscle cells.

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Frisch ◽  
J M Davidson ◽  
Z Werb
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Reported Effect ◽  
Ca 50

The blockage of protein secretion in the R22 cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cell strain with monensin repressed tropoelastin gene expression at the mRNA level by ca. 50-fold as measured by biosynthetic pulse-labeling, in vitro translation, and hybridization with a tropoelastin genomic DNA probe. These results suggest that tropoelastin gene expression is autoregulated, and they represent the first reported effect of monensin on gene expression.

Interaction of Rhizobium leguminosarum and Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi on pea affecting disease development and phytoalexin production

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1698-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Chakraborty ◽  
B. N. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Pathogenicity of Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi (F. R. Jones) Snyd. & Hans was tested on five cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum L.) under identical conditions; the fungus was more virulent on cv. Arkel and less virulent on cv. Sweet Stringless. Bacterization of seeds with Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar vicieae was highly effective in reducing the severity of root rot of pea. In vitro tests with F. solani f.sp. pisi and R. leguminosarum biovar vicieae showed no antagonistic effects on solid medium. However, growth of both microorganisms was retarded in dual culture. Phytoalexins (pisatin and 4-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethoxypterocarpan) were isolated from both Fusarium- and Rhizobium–Fusarium-infected pea epicotyls; 4-hydroxy-2,3,9-trimethoxypterocarpan was present in a greater amount in the latter than in the former, while pisatin concentration was similar in samples from both treatments.

Gene expression associated with light-induced conidiation in Colletotrichum graminicola

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenfan Yang ◽  
Daniel G. Panaccione ◽  
Robert M. Hanau
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Cell Development ◽  
Conidiogenous Cell ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Asexual Development ◽  
Light Induction ◽  
Colletotrichum Graminicola

Light was used to induce conidiation in uniform populations of vegetative hyphae of Collectotrichum graminicola grown on agar medium. Differentiation of conidiogenous cells, the first detectable event in conidial morphogenesis, was rapid and highly synchronized. In vitro translation of poly(A)+ RNA from dark-grown (nondifferentiating) and light-induced (differentiating) hyphae demonstrated that conidiogenous cell development was accompanied by detectable changes in gene expression. Key words: Colletotrichum, conidia, asexual development, conidiogenous cell, light induction.

scholarly journals Temperature Tolerant Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Strains with Plant Growth Promotion Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2603-2609
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Patel ◽  
Umakant Banjare ◽  
Ajjo Kumari ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Kapil Deo Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rhizobium Strain ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Different Temperatures

Rhizobacteria (PGPR) that promote the plant growth are essential component of sustainable agriculture. Pea (Pisum sativum L.) root nodule Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae ten strains were cultured at two different temperatures (28°C and 45°C). Out of eight strains screened the three N25, N30 and N40 were temperature tolerant while only one strain (N40) showed tolerance to pH11. The growth of Rhizobium strain N40 at 45 °C was 96.8 percent as compared to the growth of the at 28°C. The temperature tolerant strain N40 produced maximum IAA and solubilized insoluble tri calcium phosphate compared to other strains and thus can be used microbial inoculant in biofertilizer technology.

scholarly journals Measurement of bacterial gene expression in vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 355 (1397) ◽  
pp. 601-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Hautefort ◽  
Jay C. D. Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Bacterial Gene Expression

The complexities of bacterial gene expression during mammalian infection cannot be addressed by in vitro experiments. We know that the infected host represents a complex and dynamic environment, which is modified during the infection process, presenting a variety of stimuli to which the pathogen must respond if it is to be successful. This response involves hundreds of ivi (in vivo– induced) genes which have recently been identified in animal and cell culture models using a variety of technologies including in vivo expression technology, differential fluorescence induction, subtractive hybridization and differential display. Proteomic analysis is beginning to be used to identify IVI proteins, and has benefited from the availability of genome sequences for increasing numbers of bacterial pathogens. The patterns of bacterial gene expression during infection remain to be investigated. Are ivi genes expressed in an organ–specific or cell–type–specific fashion ? New approaches are required to answer these questions. The uses of the immunologically based in vivo antigen technology system, in situ PCR and DNA microarray analysis are considered. This review considers existing methods for examining bacterial gene expression in vivo, and describes emerging approaches that should further our understanding in the future.

scholarly journals Production of human translation-competent lysates using dual centrifugation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas-Adrian Gurzeler ◽  
Jana Ziegelmuller ◽  
Oliver Muhlemann ◽  
Evangelos D. Karousis
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Lysis ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Central Process ◽  
Translation Systems

Translation is a central process in gene expression and the development of efficient in vitro translation systems has been the focus of scientific efforts for many decades. The production of translation-competent lysates originating from human cells or tissues remains challenging, mainly due to the variability of cell lysis conditions. Here we present a robust and fast method based on dual centrifugation that allows the preparation of cytoplasmic extracts from human cells that efficiently translate mRNAs in a capped and IRES-mediated way. We optimized lysate preparation and in vitro translation conditions and show that dual centrifugation allows the production of human lysates under detergent-free conditions and is ideally suited to produce ample amounts of human translation-competent lysates.

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