Taxonomic significance of leaf and stem anatomy of Agalinis (Scrophulariaceae) from the U.S.A. and Canada

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1935-1950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith M. Canne-Hilliker ◽  
Christine M. Kampny
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Tissues ◽  
Anatomical Characters

Features of foliar and stem anatomy of 26 annual and 1 perennial species of North American Agalinis were examined from over 200 population samples. Several species including A. aphylla, A. densiflora, A. filicaulis, A. heterophylla, A. linifolia, A. maritima, and A. oligophylla have distinctive anatomy. Evidence from anatomy supports a reclassification of North American Agalinis at the sectional and subsectional ranks. Agalinis aphylla and A. oligophylla are allied with species of section Erectae, not section Purpureae subsection Setaceae. Agalinis edwardsiana (from section Tenuifoliae) and A. aspera (section Asperae) are most similar to members of section Purpureae subsection Pedunculares. Agalinis tenuifolia (section Tenuifoliae) is similar to species of section Purpureae subsection Purpureae. Anatomical characters range from those usually regarded as xeromorphic to those typical of hydromorphic species. However, different xeromorphic characters are present in species of sections Purpureae, Erectae, and Tenuifoliae. Species of section Purpureae subsection Setaceae have filiform, adaxially grooved leaves; species of section Erectae have narrow, short sclerenchyma-reinforced leaves and very slender stems usually having fiber bundles in their ridges. Species that we retain in section Tenuifoliae have a cylinder of sclerenchyma between the vascular tissues and the fiber-laden cortex. Key words: Agalinis, Scrophulariaceae, anatomy, systematics, taxonomy.

scholarly journals Taxonomy of the genus Commelina Plum. ex L. (Commelinaceae) in Nepal

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti P Gajurel ◽  
Krishna K Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
The World ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Key Words Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Characters

About 170 species of Commelina are known from tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Nepal contributes 6 species of Commelina to the world flora. In the present work, taxonomy of all the six species of Commelina reported from Nepal (C. benghalensis, C. caroliniana, C. diffusa, C. maculata, C. paludosa and C. suffruticosa) was studied. Voucher specimens were collected from Central and Eastern Nepal, covering 14 districts. Morphological characters were studied from these collections. Palynological and anatomical characters were also used to see if they are taxonomically important to delimit the taxa within Commelina. Morphological characters seemed promising to delimit the taxa within Commelina. The key identifying characters at species level are modification in root, form of spathe, structure of leaves and seeds, shape of stomata and pollen. Palynological and anatomical characters were also useful, to some extent, in separating some species, but were not significant as compared to morphological data. Some specimens, close to C. benghalensis and C. caroliniana, showed very different characters. Thus further study is needed to confirm their taxonomic status. Key-words: anatomy; flora; morphological characters; palynology; voucher specimens.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2907 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 25-31

scholarly journals Adventitious Root Formation in Stem Cuttings of Quercus bicolor and Quercus macrocarpa and Its Relationship to Stem Anatomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Naalamle Amissah ◽  
Dominick J. Paolillo ◽  
Nina Bassuk
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Quercus Macrocarpa ◽  
Quercus Bicolor

This study investigated the relationship of stem anatomy to differences in rooting ability between Quercus bicolor Wild. and Quercus macrocarpa Michx. cuttings. Quercus bicolor cuttings were found to have a significantly greater proportion of parenchymatous gaps in the sclerenchyma sheath over a 9-week period compared with Q. macrocarpa cuttings. In Q. macrocarpa, the percentage gap was generally low, coinciding with the low percentage rooting observed in this species. Percentage rooting correlated well (r2 = 0.75) with the percentage parenchymatous gap in the perivascular region of Q. bicolor cuttings. The problems with accepting this relationship as causal are stated in the discussion. Untreated cuttings showed normal stem organization: a dermal tissue system that included the initial stages of phellem formation, a cortex, and a ring of closely arranged vascular bundles in early stages of secondary growth. The locations of the five distinct lobes of the pith were coordinated with the locations of root primordia. Callus growth was first detected in the cortex (i.e., external to the fiber bundles), followed by proliferation within the phloem, opposite the lobes of the pith, 8 to 12 days after cuttings were treated with indole butyric acid (6000 mg·L−1 dissolved in 50% v/v ethanol in water). By 14 to 16 days, root primordia had developed within the proliferative tissue in the secondary phloem. In both species, root primordia penetrated parenchymatous gaps in the fiber sheath directly, the fiber bundles being displaced laterally as the roots increased in size.

Isoetes × marensis, a new interspecific hybrid from western Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Britton ◽  
Daniel F. Brunton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new interspecific hybrid in Isoetes, I. maritima Underw. × I. howellii Engelm., is delineated and described from the Shuswap Highlands region of British Columbia by means of cytology and scanning electron microscopy of spores. Isoetes × marensis D.M. Britton and D.F. Brunton, hyb.nov. is the name proposed for this taxon. It is triploid (3x; 2n = 33) and is believed to produce only sterile and (or) aborted spores. Hybrid plants have polymorphic spores that demonstrate size and surface ornamentation features intermediate between those of the putative parents. Three populations were examined, each growing with both of the putative parents in silt and sand among granite cobble over clay along an emergent lakeshore. Isoetes × marensis is the first described North American hybrid involving an amphibious Isoetes. It is expected to be a rare taxon owing to the restricted sympatric area of the putative parents and their tendency to occupy different habitats. Key words: Isoetes, Isoetes howellii, Isoetes maritima, hybrid, British Columbia.

scholarly journals Elucidation of Genotypic Variability, Character Association, and Genetic Diversity for Stem Anatomy of Twelve Tossa Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Md. Mia Mukul
Keyword(s):  
Variance Components ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Stem Anatomy ◽  
Fiber Yield ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Better Than

Background and Aims. Anatomy of twelve tossa jute genotypes were performed for the variability, heritability, and genetic advance based on yield attributing six anatomical traits. Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out in field and laboratory including 12 tossa jute genotypes followed by RCB design in JAES, Manikganj, and Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during 2019-2020. Hypothesis. The tested genotypes were expected to perform better than controls in respect of anatomical characters contributing to fiber yield in tossa jute plants. Results. Five genotypes, i.e., Acc. 1318, Acc. 1306, JRO S1, O-412-9-4, and O-0512-6-2 providing good results for the total fiber bundle area, trapezoid number, bark diameter, area of trapezoid, and bark thickness per transverse section in the anatomy of jute plants depicting the more variability (P>0.01) as well as the possibility of tossa jute varietal development. These morphological and anatomical traits showing highly significant association (∗∗) with one another and coupled with high genetic and phenotypic variance components; high heritability; high and moderate genetic advance and higher divergence in clustering (D2), and PCA would be used as criteria for selection and improvement for fiber yield of tossa jute. Conclusions. The high variation and divergence for anatomical characters may be considered an effective selection method of genotypes for higher fiber yield comparing with controls. The genotypes, i.e., Acc. 1318, Acc. 1306, JRO (segregate), O-412-9-4, and O-0512-6-2 with good anatomical traits related to fiber yield could be used as parents in breeding program as well as direct variety development.

Pollen morphology and taxonomy in North American Labiatae

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Claude G. Trudel ◽  
J. K. Morton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Character ◽  
The North ◽  
Primary Basis ◽  
Sem Studies

Pollen morphology is described and illustrated based on SEM studies of 118 species of Labiatae (Lamiaceae) native to North America. These include representatives of all the 36 native genera. Pollen in this family is subspheroidal and either tricolpate (subfamily Lamioideae) or hexacolpate (subfamily Nepetoideae). In most of the genera and species, the tectum is conspicuously perforated with or without a supratectal reticulum. A key to facilitate identification of the pollen of the North American Labiatae is provided. The value of pollen as a taxonomic character in this family is discussed. Pollen provides the primary basis for recognition of subfamilies in the Labiatae, but at the tribal level only the Ajugeae has distinctive pollen. Several genera, notably Collinsonia, Salvia, Teucrium, and Trichostema, have pollen that is very different from other genera in this study. At the infrageneric level pollen provides valuable taxonomic characters in several genera, notably Hyptis, Monardella, Salvia, Stachys, Teucrium, and Trichostema. Key words: Labiatae, Lamiaceae, pollen, SEM, North America.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LARVAL ELATERIDAE (COLEOPTERA). NO. 2: AGRIOTES LIMOSUS LECONTE

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Glen
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
The Third

Agriotes limosus LeConte is the third North American species of Agriotes Eschscholtz for which the larva definitely is known. It is a woodland form and, therefore, of much less economic importance than the meadow-inhabiting species such as Agriotes mancus Say, the wheat wireworm, but it is of greater taxonomic significance since it lacks the characters that have been universally regarded as definitive of Agriotes larvae.

Influence, chez le Manihot esculenta, du développement de la lame du limbe sur celui du pétiole et de l'entre-noeud sous-jacent

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2053-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Médard ◽  
J. M. N. Walter ◽  
P. Barnola
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Vascular Tissues ◽  
Growth Area

Within each internode and about four plastochrons after its formation, an intercalary growth area appears, leading to a continued lengthening due essentially to anticline mitoses. It temporarily looks like a cambium. The blade of the leaf which is directly above the internode is absolutely necessary for the formation of this growth area. Xylem integrity of the cauline vascular bundle connected with this leaf is also required. Within each leaf, the presence of the blade and the integrity of vascular bundles are also indispensable for the lengthening of the petiole, whose mitotic system resembles the internode's. The hypothesis of a blade influence on the mitotic lengthening system through mechanical pressure due to the vascular development is discussed. Key words: internode, petiole, blade, vascular tissues, Manihot esculenta, intercalary growth.

A method for the classification by shape of dried roots of ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Roy ◽  
R. Grohs ◽  
R. D. Reeleder
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Panax Quinquefolius ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Medicine Quality ◽  
Grade Material

A system for classifying the dried roots of ginseng by shape was developed using roots from 3- and 4-yr-old plantings. The method is based on traditional preferences in the marketplace and allows for the separation of desirable roots (chunk or forked grades) from less-desirable roots (pencil, spider and fibre grades). Results from ginsenoside analyses showed that ginsenoside contents of all grades, other than the fibre grade, were similar. Fibre-grade material had higher concentrations of ginsenosides Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd. Key words: Panax, ginsenosides, quinquefolium, traditional chinese medicine, quality, grade, North American, Canada

JASIONE (CAMPANULACEAE) ANATOMY IN THE IBERIAN PENINSULA AND ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. BOKHARI ◽  
F. SALES
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Anatomical Evidence

The stem and leaf anatomy of the ten species of Jasione L. (Campanulaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula were investigated; their infra-specific taxa were also studied. The species differ from each other anatomically and can be identified by their anatomical characters. The anatomical evidence supports the taxonomic treatment that will be published in the forthcoming Flora iberica Volume 14. The possible relations between the anatomy and the ecology of these plants are discussed. Specialized small multicellular structures (trichoids) present on the leaf surface, whose interest has not previously been recognized, are described and their possible function discussed.

scholarly journals Philosophy of Education in North America: Where has it been? Where is it going?

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Scott Johnston
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
North American ◽  
Philosophy Of Education ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
The North ◽  
Educational Theories

This paper examines the question of philosophy of education’s direction through an examination of its historical self-understandings. The North American, and particularly, U.S. context is highlighted. The thesis is that philosophy of education must reconstruct itself through attention to its past self-understandings, but most importantly, through acceptance of projects, issues, and topics that are relevant to it, and not simply to philosophy or educational practice. Some consequences of this thesis are presented at the end of the paper. Key words: philosophy of education; Dewey's influence; educational theories; historical self-understanding; pragmatism

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