Observations on the seasonal occurrence of marine endophytic and parasitic fungi

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2089-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Chondrus Crispus ◽  
Seasonal Periodicity ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Algal Associations ◽  
Systemic Nature ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

Information is presented on three fungal–algal associations on intertidal marine algae. They comprise two members of the Ascomycotina, Lautitia danica parasitic on Chondrus crispus, and Mycosphaerella ascophylli, an obligate endophyte of Ascophyllum nodosum, and a member of the Basidiomycotina, Mycaureola dilseae, that is parasitic on Dilsea carnosa. Details are given of life cycles and seasonal periodicity. The reproductive cycles of Mycosphaerella ascophylli and Ascophyllum nodosum are synchronised, with the fungal sporocarps being confined to the algal receptacles. Lautitia danica occurs on cystocarpic Chondrus crispus throughout the year, with older fronds being more likely to have fungal sporocarps on them. Mycaureola dilseae infecting Dilsea carnosa was only found during September and October. The systemic nature of the association between Mycosphaerella ascophylli and Ascophyllum nodosum is compared with the apparently localized occurrence of Lautitia danica and Mycaureola dilseae. Key words: marine algicolous fungi, seasonality, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes.

scholarly journals Cycles and circulation: a theme in the history of biology and medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Hopwood ◽  
Staffan Müller-Wille ◽  
Janet Browne ◽  
Christiane Groeben ◽  
Shigehisa Kuriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Systems Ecology ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Economics And Biology

AbstractWe invite systematic consideration of the metaphors of cycles and circulation as a long-term theme in the history of the life and environmental sciences and medicine. Ubiquitous in ancient religious and philosophical traditions, especially in representing the seasons and the motions of celestial bodies, circles once symbolized perfection. Over the centuries cyclic images in western medicine, natural philosophy, natural history and eventually biology gained independence from cosmology and theology and came to depend less on strictly circular forms. As potent ‘canonical icons’, cycles also interacted with representations of linear and irreversible change, including arrows, arcs, scales, series and trees, as in theories of the Earth and of evolution. In modern times life cycles and reproductive cycles have often been held to characterize life, in some cases especially female life, while human efforts selectively to foster and disrupt these cycles have harnessed their productivity in medicine and agriculture. But strong cyclic metaphors have continued to link physiology and climatology, medicine and economics, and biology and manufacturing, notably through the relations between land, food and population. From the grand nineteenth-century transformations of matter to systems ecology, the circulation of molecules through organic and inorganic compartments has posed the problem of maintaining identity in the face of flux and highlights the seductive ability of cyclic schemes to imply closure where no original state was in fact restored. More concerted attention to cycles and circulation will enrich analyses of the power of metaphors to naturalize understandings of life and their shaping by practical interests and political imaginations.

scholarly journals Marine algae of the St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh. VI. New records of species of the genus Kallymenia J. Ag. (Rhodophyta)

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
AKM Nurul Islam ◽  
A Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
New Records ◽  
First Time

Four species of the genus Kallymenia J. Ag. such as K. cribrosa Harvey, K. rosea Womersley & Norris, K. rubra Womersley & Norris K. tasmanica Harvey have been reported for the first time from St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh. Key words: Seaweeds, Marine algae, Kallymenia spp., St. Martin's Is., Bangladesh doi:10.3329/bjb.v37i2.1726 Bangladesh J. Bot. 37(2): 173-178, 2008 (December)

scholarly journals Marine algae of St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh. XII. New records of red and green algae

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz ◽  
Md Towhidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
New Records ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
First Time

Ceramium tenerrimum (G. Martens) Okamura fa, Caulerpa sertularioides fa corymbosa Taylor and Cladophora vagabunda (L.) Hoek from St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh have been recorded, and described and illustrated for the first time with descriptions and illustrations. Key words: Ceramium; Caulerpa; Cladophora; Red alga; Green algae; Bangladesh DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i1.7996 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(1): 41-45, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals Maria Sibylla Merian: uma mulher transformando ciência em arte

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Elaine Ferreira Machado ◽  
Awdry Feisser Miquelin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycles ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Spontaneous Generation ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Learning Relations

ResumoEste artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar a vida e, principalmente, a obra de uma artista-cientista do século XVII, Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717), bem como o potencial da sua produção para as relações de ensino-aprendizagem em Ciências. Para isso, foram feitas pesquisas bibliográficas tanto de fontes primárias como fontes secundárias relativas à biografia da autora. Considera-se sua obra e, principalmente, seus estudos sobre os seres vivos, com seus respectivos ciclos de vida, uma produção inédita ao período histórico em que viveu. Nesse período, acreditava-se na geração espontânea e, no entanto, ela conseguiu observar, descrever e pintar em tela os seres vivos e seus ciclos reprodutivos. Assim, as inúmeras telas por ela produzidas e publicadas em seus livros constituem material riquíssimo para a exploração e transposição no ensino. Palavras-chave: História da Ciência; Maria Sibylla Merian; Ensino.AbstractThis article aims to present the life and mainly the work of a seventeenth-century artist-scientist, Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717), as well as the potential of its production for teaching-learning relations in Sciences. For this, bibliographical research was done both from primary sources and secondary sources related to the biography of the author. Her work, and especially her studies of living beings with their respective life cycles, is an unprecedented production of the historical period in which she lived, where she believed in spontaneous generation, and yet she was able to observe, describe and paint on canvas the living beings and their reproductive cycles. The innumerable canvases she produces and published in her books are very rich material for exploration and transposition in teaching.Keywords: History of Science; Maria Sibylla Merian; Teaching.

Artificial hybridization between Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) from Nova Scotia, Canada

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1133-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Young Kim ◽  
Stephen J. O'Leary ◽  
David J. Garbary
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Zygote Development ◽  
Maximum Development

Reciprocal crosses between male and female gametes of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) LeJolis and Fucus vesiculosus L. were made from plants collected at Tor Bay, Nova Scotia. Crosses within each species were viable and resulted in normal zygote development. Hybrids occurred in low frequency in the cultures (ca. 1–5%) and developed either an initial rhizoid or underwent one or two internal divisions. Hybrid zygotes did not develop further. More developing embryos were observed in crosses when F. vesiculosus provided the eggs, and these zygotes developed longer rhizoids. Maximum development was to three or four cells, which occurred in ca. 10 days. By 5 weeks, all zygotes had disintegrated. Nuclear diameter was the same in both species (6 μm) although almost twice as much nuclear DNA was present in A. nodosum than in F. vesiculosus. Nuclei in hybrids were larger than in the parental species. Key words: Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculosus, Fucales, hybridization, Phaeophyta.

Seasonal Periodicity of Diatoms, and Silicon Limitation in Offshore Lake Michigan, 1975

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Parker ◽  
H. L. Conway ◽  
E. M. Yaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Spring Bloom ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Seasonal Periodicity ◽  
Silicon Uptake ◽  
Bloom Diatom

Diatom biomass maxima occurred in spring and fall and produced a bimodal bloom sequence at an offshore Lake Michigan station. The maximum in May was preceded by rapid growth as indicated by increased values of primary productivity and pigment concentration. As the spring bloom progressed, decreasing nutrient levels apparently slowed diatom growth. The diatom-biomass accumulation rate declined, assimilation quotients were minimal, and soluble reactive silicon was reduced from 13 to 6.8 μmol/ℓ. In summer, after the bloom, diatom biomass and silicon reached seasonal minima of < 250 mg C/m2 and ~ 1.0 μmol/ℓ, respectively. Diatom biomass increased again in October when silicon supplies were replenished and the concentration exceeded 6.6 μmol/ℓ. A critical silicon concentration of ~ 6.5 μmol/ℓ, may control the development and timing of offshore diatom populations in Lake Michigan. Key words: Lake Michigan, diatoms, growth, biomass, periodicity, silicon, uptake, limitation

scholarly journals Uji Peptida Komersial Hym-248 terhadap Metamorfosis dan Penempelan Planula yang berasal dari Slick (Testing of Commersial Peptide Hym-248 on Metamorphoses and Settlement of Planulae Collected from Slick)

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Diah P Wijayanti ◽  
Elis Indrayanti
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Coral Larvae ◽  
Larval Culture ◽  
Mass Spawning ◽  
Primary Polyp ◽  
Settlement And Metamorphosis ◽  
Planula Larva

Metamorfosis dan penempelan merupakan proses yang amat penting dalam siklus hidup koloni karang. Koloni karang hanya akan terbentuk jika larva planula berhasil bermetamorfosis dari larva planktonik menjadi bentik dan menempel pada substrat untuk kemudian bertumbuh menjadi koloni baru. Induktor berperan merangsang metamorfosis dan meningkatkan persentase jumlah zigot yang menempel dan berkembang menjadi koloni baru. Peptida komersial adalah neuropeptida golongan GLWamida yang bertindak sebagai hormon pemicu terjadinya metamorfosis  planulae larva. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, Hym-248, peptida komersial anggota GLWamida, mampu menginduksi metamorfosis dan penempelan planula yang berasal dari slick (kumpulan gamet yang terapung-apung di permukaan laut setelah dilepaskan koloni karang pada peristiwa spawning multispesifik). Slick dikoleksi dari Pulau Sambangan, Kepulauan Karimunjawa saat spawning masal terjadi pada bulan Maret. Seluruh dosis yang dicobakan mampu menginduksi proses metamorfosis dan settlement planula larva setelah planula diinkubasi dalam media yang telah diberi Hym-248. Hasil ini memberi peluang dilakukannya pembenihan larva planulae secara masal untuk keperluan restorasi terumbu karang dan budidaya karang. Kata kunci: metamorfosis, settlement, budidaya karang, Acropora, spawning masal, slick Settlement and metamorphosis, which leads to the formation of primary polyp, are critical steps in the life cycles of corals. Metamorphosis cue is necessary to create an internal trigger to initiate metamorphosis in coral larvae. Neuropeptides which act hormonally to induce metamorphosis, provide a reliable and efficient settlement cue for ex situ larval culture. Here we report that Hym-248, one member of GLWamide peptide can induce metamorphosis of planulae derived from collected slick. Experiments were done in Sambangan Island after March spawning event. The results showed that all applied doses of Hym-248 successfully induced the metamorphosis and settlement of planulae larvae produced from slick. The result of this study showed that coral propagules can be produced faster by applying the commercial peptide as the inducer which leads to mass production of coral propagules for coral culture. Key words: metamorphosis, settlement, coral culture, Acropora, mass-spawning, slick

D-Mannitol Interferes with Amino Acid Analysis of Marine Organisms

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Fong ◽  
R. K. O'dor
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Protein S ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Acid hydrolysis of a protein in the presence of D-mannitol, a common constituent of marine algae, can cause significant reductions in the recovery of a number of amino acids. The new compounds formed by the interactions of D-mannitol and these amino acids may interfere in the chromatographic analysis of other amino acids. The recoveries of most of the amino acids appear to be either directly or inversely proportional to the amount of D-mannitol added to a protein sample before acid hydrolysis. These results suggest that it is necessary to determine the effects of contaminants in a sample of protein(s) on the recoveries of amino acids during routine acid hydrolysis. Key words: kelp, amino acids, carbohydrates, D-mannitol

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