Ectopic formation of trichomes and stomata in floral organs of Arabidopsis thaliana induced by thidiazuron

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Venglat ◽  
V. K. Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Flower Development ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Urea Derivative ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thidiazuron (TDZ), a urea derivative, was applied to the inflorescences of Arabidopsis thaliana at early stages of development to study its effect on flower development. Scanning electron microscope observations revealed that TDZ induced the formation of branched trichomes on sepals and carpels and stomata on petals that are not normally produced on these organs. Concurrently, TDZ also suppressed the development of pollen grains in the anthers and ovules in the ovaries. In addition, TDZ induced an increase in the size of all the floral organs except stamens. These observations suggest that thidiazuron alters the differentiation processes in floral organs by inducing the production of traits that are characteristic of cauline leaves, i.e., trichomes and stomata. Key words: Arabidopsis thaliana, flower development, stomata, thidiazuron, trichomes.

scholarly journals Comparison of pollen morphological structures of some taxa belonging to Asparagus L. and Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae) from Turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ozler ◽  
S Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Exine Sculpture ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen grains of 20 taxa from two genera of the Liliaceae were examined and compared by LM (light microscope), SEM (scanning electron microscope) and pollens of four taxa were also examined with TEM (transmission electron microscope). Pollen grains shed as monads. They are monosulcate and ellipsoidal. Fritillaria crassifolia subsp. crassifolia Freyn & Smt. sometimes sheds the pollen as dyads. Exine is semitectate and the tectum is perforate. Columellae are simplicolumellate. Ectexine is thicker than endexine. Exine sculpture (ornamentation) is reticulate, reticulate-rugulate, rugulate and retipilate in Asparagus pollens and reticulate, suprareticulate, rugulate-reticulate and striate-reticulate in Fritillaria pollens. Sulcus extends from distal to proximal in some pollens of Asparagus and Fritillaria.   Key words: Asparagus, Fritillaria, Liliaceae, Pollen morphology DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1498 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 111-120, 2007 (December)

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of some Allium L. (Lilliaceae) taxa in turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Özler ◽  
S Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Exine Sculpture ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen grains of 16 taxa of Allium L. belonging to sections Rhizirideum G. Don ex Koch., Codonoprasum Reichb. and Allium L. were investigated using light and scanning electron microscope, and pollens of four taxa were also examined with transmission electron microscope. Pollens were monosulcate and ellipsoidal. It was observed that the sulcus extends from distal to proximal in all taxa. The exine was semitectate and the tectum was perforate. Columellae were simplicolumellate. Exine sculpture was striate-perforate, striate-rugulate-perforate and rugulate-perforate. A. albidum Fischer ex Bieb. subsp. caucasicum (Regel) Stearn, A. rupicola Boiss ex Mouterde and A. asperiflorum Miscz. were seen to have an operculum. Key words: Allium; Codonoprasum; Rhizirideum; Alliaceae; Pollen morphology; Turkey DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5524Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 37-36, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Características palinológicas de las araliáceas de México

2017 ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Pollen Characters ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work studies 17 species of mexican Araliaceae from the palynological point of view belonging to the genera Aralia, Dendropanax, Didymopanax, Redera, Oreopanax y Sciadodendron . All the pollen descriptions are presented at the generic level. The grains were studied based in scanning electron microscope and light microscope. It includes a dichotomous key for the genera grains. The results showed few differences between the pollen grains of the genera although some exine characters are important. Redera and Didymopanax presented an exine semi-tectate and the rest of the genera had tectate-perforate grains. This paper compared also some pollen characters with morphological ones, finding pollen characters considered primitive correlated with characters of primitive Araliaceae groups .

Taxonomic studies in the genus Haplanthodes (Acanthaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 516 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRADIP VIKRAM DESHMUKH ◽  
SIDDHARTHAN SURVESWARAN ◽  
RAMCHANDRA DNYANOBA GORE ◽  
MANOJ MADHWANAND LEKHAK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

The endemic Indian genus Haplanthodes (Acanthaceae) is revised. Four species, viz. H. neilgherryensis, H. plumosa, H. tentaculata and H. verticillata and a new variety, H. neilgherryensis var. toranganensis are recognized. Lectotype is designated for Haplanthodes, Haplanthus plumosus and H. verticillaris. The nomenclature of the Linnaean name Ruellia tentaculata is also discussed. Micromorphology of seed using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) is observed for the first time, and two types, reticulate and micro papillate, have been recognized based on surface sculpturing pattern. The genus differs from the related genera Andrographis and Haplanthus by distinctly two grooved seeds with hygroscopic hairs. Pollen grains of the genus are oblate or prolate spheroidal, distinctly triangular, trizonocolporate with reticulate exine ornamentation.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of chestnut cultivars in southern China by using scanning electron microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Huan Xiong ◽  
De-Yi Yuan ◽  
Ya Chen ◽  
Genhua Niu ◽  
Feng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Upgma Tree ◽  
Equatorial Diameter ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphological characteristics of pollen grains of 16 cultivars belonging to two species of the genus Castanea (Castanea mollissima and C. henryi) collected from southern China were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The length of polar axis (PL), the equatorial diameter (ED), the length of colpus (CL) of grain, P/E ratio (polar axis to equatorial diameter), P/C ratio (polar axis to colpus length), and C/E ratio (colpus length to equatorial diameter) were measured and their variations were compared among studied taxa. The result of this study indicated that chestnut pollen grain was a tricolporate in aperture type, and aperprolate type in equatorial view. The morphological characteristics were mainly represented by PL, ED and CL as revealed by principal components analysis, which accounted for 99.56% of the total variations. The cluster analysis by the UPGMA tree divided the taxa into three groups and showed a great morphological affinity among the 16 cultivars.

Impatiens nagorum sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae) a new species from Nagaland, Northeast India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 308 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
MOAAKUM MOA ◽  
SANTANU DEY ◽  
WOJCIECH ADAMOWSKI ◽  
RAJIB GOGOI
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Impatiens nagorum from Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagaland, Northeast India, is described and illustrated. Detailed descriptions, distribution, and ecological information, along with colour photographs of the plant, as well as micromorphology of seeds and pollen grains under scanning electron microscope (SEM) are presented.

X-ray microanalysis of papillar cells and pollen grains in the pollination process in Brassica using a variable-pressure scanning electron microscope

1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Iwano ◽  
M. Wada ◽  
Y. Morita ◽  
H. Shiba ◽  
S. Takayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Palyno-morphology of Hedera L. (The ivy genus, araliaceae) and their systematics implications

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 851-865
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Fallah ◽  
Farrokh Ghahremaninejad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pollen Grain Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scanning Electron

The palynomorphological characteristics of 5 species belonging to Hedera of the Araliaceae family were studied in detail. These plant species were collected from various phytogeographical regions of Iran and Hungary. The palynological investigation was accomplished using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Pollen grains of the species are reticulate, prolate, sub-prolate, tricolporate, isopolar, radially symmetrical, and monad. The largest pollen grain was in the Hedera colchica species (72.24?1.6 ?m) and the smallest pollen grain was in Hedera helix (28.63?2.1 ?m). The research carried out by the TEM showed that the species were different in terms of exine thickness, tectum thickness, foot layer thickness, the diameter and length of the Columella, the thickness and shape of the Caput, the tectum to foot layer )T/F( ratio, the absence or presence of the Endexine and the thickness of the Intine layers. The main purpose of this study was the importance of the relationship between pollen grain size and the number of chromosomes and ploidy level in Hedera species.

A scanning electron microscope study of the pollen tube pathway in pistils of Rhododendron

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Palser ◽  
John L. Rouse ◽  
Elizabeth G. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Stigma Surface ◽  
Stigmatic Exudate ◽  
Days After Anthesis ◽  
Scanning Electron

The pollen tube pathway was observed at regular intervals in pistils of four species of Rhododendron, with emphasis on Rhododendron fortunei. Rhododendron is characterized by a nonpapillate wet stigma, angled stylar canal, placentae with central clefts, and many unitegmic anatropous ovules. Receptive stigmas were hand-pollinated with self pollen 1 – 8 days after anthesis. The pollen, which occurs in permanent tetrads, started germinating during the 1st day. After crossing the stigma surface to one of the grooves leading into the stylar canal, pollen tubes grew straight through the style, and continued into the placental clefts from which they emerged onto the placental surface to grow among the ovules. Tubes reached the ovary in 5 – 10 days depending on the species and took several days after entering the upper ovary to reach the base of the placentae. Single tubes (rarely two or more) diverged from the interovular network and grew under the integument (which is close against the placental surface) to enter the slit-like micropylar opening of an ovule. The morphology of the micropylar slit and the direction of pollen tube entry showed variation among ovules. In R. fortunei ovule entries occurred first on the upper half of the placenta, though not at the top, and in ovules closest to the placental cleft. All portions of the pathway, from stigma surface to micropylar opening, are covered by exudate. Stigmatic exudate increased in amount and became more viscous after pollination, burying the pollen grains and tubes, then gradually dried. Exudate was produced in the style and ovary whether or not pollination occurred. Characteristics of the pollen tube pathway in Rhododendron are discussed relative to those in other angiosperm taxa. Key words: Rhododendron, pollen–pistil interactions, fertilization, transmitting tissues, pistil exudates, ovule entries.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Plantago species native to Poland and their taxonomic implications

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Klimko ◽  
Krystyna Idzikowska ◽  
Mariola Truchan ◽  
Anna Kreft
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen grains of 9 species of the genus <em>Plantago</em> (Plantaginaceae), including 8 taxa native to Poland, were observed under a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Descriptions of grain sculpture are illustrated only SEM micrographs. The studied pollen grains were medium-sized or small, spherical or prolate spheroidal. Their sculpture was always verrucate with granulation. In the studied taxa, internal apertures had the form of pores. Their number ranged from (4)5-9(14). The pores were scattered on the surface of pollen grains. Identification features of individual taxa include: presence or absence of an annulus around each pore, annulus structure, ornamentation of the pollen grain and operculum, type of aperture membrane, number of internal pores, and pore diameter. We suggest that two new pollen grain types, characteristic of <em>P. intermedia</em> and <em>P. arenaria</em>, should be distinguished, and that <em>P. alpina</em> should be assigned to the <em>P. coronopus</em> type.

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