Origin of Symphyotrichum anticostense (Asteraceae: Astereae), an endemic, high polyploid species of the Gulf of St. Lawrence region, based on morphological and nrDNA evidence

Botany ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Vaezi ◽  
Luc Brouillet
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
High Polyploid ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Anticosti Island ◽  
Rare Endemic

Symphyotrichum anticostense (Fernald) G.L.Nesom (Asteraceae: Astereae), a rare endemic of the Gulf of St. Lawrence region is a high allopolyploid (2n=10x=80). It has been hypothesized to be derived from the hybrid between tetraploid (2n=4x=32) individuals of S. boreale (Torr. & A.Gray) Löve & Löve and the hexaploid (2n=6x=48) S. novi-belgii (L.) G.L.Nesom. We investigated this hypothesis using morphological and molecular ITS-sequence data, and we tried to determine the potentially geographic origins of the taxon. Univariate morphological analyses show that 67.5% of the S. anticostense characters are parent-like, 43.5% from S. novi-belgii and 13% from S. boreale, the remainder not differing statistically from either parent; 23.5% are intermediate; and 9% transgressive. Multivariate analyses show that S. anticostense is intermediate between its putative parents. The molecular results support the morphological data, but due to the insufficient resolution among ribotypes on the tree, a more rapidly evolving marker will be needed to ascertain more reliably the origin of S. anticostense. Besides the hypothesis of genetic drift and allele fixation following long-distance dispersals, at least three independent geographic origins may be suggested for S. anticostense; Anticosti Island, Lake St. John, and Gaspé Peninsula-New Brunswick-Maine.

Phylogenetic and morphological circumscription of the Orbilia aurantiorubra group 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Quijada ◽  
HANS-OTTO BARAL ◽  
RUTH JAEN-MOLINA ◽  
MICHAEL WEISS ◽  
JULI CAUJAPé-Castells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Three New Species

The phylogeny of Orbilia aurantiorugra and related species is inferred from ITS sequence data. Orbilia aurantiorubra is redefined according to vital taxonomy. Integrated analyses of molecular and morphological data, and ecological (e.g. substrate) and geographical origin suggest the existence of three new species, which are described in this paper: Orbilia xanthoguttulata from Europe, O. succulenticola from the Canary Islands, and O. jugulospora from Ethiopia (Africa) and Taiwan (Southeast Asia).

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences suggests a Pliocene origin for the bipolar distribution of Scleranthus (Caryophyllaceae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Smissen ◽  
P. J. Garnock-Jones ◽  
G. K. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Bipolar Distribution ◽  
Recent Origin

Scleranthus is a genus of about 12 species of herbaceous plants or subshrubs native to Eurasia and Australasia. Here Scleranthus is shown to consist of European and Australasian clades, which diverged within the last 10 million years. Biogeographic implications of this dating and alternative hypotheses explaining the disjunct north–south distribution of the genus, are discussed. The trans-Tasman distributions of S. biflorus and S. brockiei are of recent origin and therefore consistent with long-distance dispersal rather than vicariance explanations. Morphological and ITS sequence data sets are significantly incongruent and trees derived from them differ over relationships among Australasian species. Hybridisation and introgression or lineage sorting are invoked to explain this discordance. Within the family Caryophyllaceae, Scleranthus ITS2 sequences have greater similarity to sequences from representatives of the subfamilies Alsinoideae and Caryophylloideae than to sequences from representatives of the subfamily Paronychioideae.

scholarly journals Disentangling relationships among eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria including description of a novel species from the southern Peloponnese (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Carnicero ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Llorenç Sáez ◽  
Theophanis Constantinidis ◽  
Mercè Galbany-Casals
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThe eastern Mediterranean basin hosts a remarkably high plant diversity. Historical connections between currently isolated areas across the Aegean region and long-distance dispersal events have been invoked to explain current distribution patterns of species. According to most recent treatments, at least two Cymbalaria species occur in this area, Cymbalaria microcalyx and C. longipes. The former comprises several intraspecific taxa, treated at different ranks by different authors based on morphological data, evidencing the need of a taxonomic revision. Additionally, some populations of C. microcalyx show exclusive morphological characters that do not match any described taxon. Here, we aim to shed light on the systematics of eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria and to propose a classification informed by various sources of evidence. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, 3’ETS, ndhF and rpl32-trnL sequences and estimated the ploidy level of some taxa performing relative genome size measures. Molecular data combined with morphology support the division of traditionally delimited C. microcalyx into C. acutiloba, C. microcalyx and C. minor, corresponding to well-delimited nrDNA lineages. Furthermore, we propose to combine C. microcalyx subsp. paradoxa at the species level. A group of specimens previously thought to belong to Cymbalaria microcalyx constitute a well-defined phylogenetic and morphological entity and are described here as a new species, Cymbalaria spetae. Cymbalaria longipes is non-monophyletic, but characterized by being glabrous and diploid, unlike other eastern species. The nrDNA data suggest at least two dispersals from the mainland to the Aegean Islands, potentially facilitated by marine regressions.

Higher-level relationships among the eucalypts are resolved by ITS-sequence data

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy A. Steane ◽  
Dean Nicolle ◽  
Gay E. McKinnon ◽  
René E. Vaillancourt ◽  
Brad M. Potts
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Single Section ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Genus Eucalyptus

This expanded survey of ITS sequences represents the largest analysis of molecular data ever attempted on Eucalyptus. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA were included in an analysis of 90 species of Eucalyptus s.s. and 28 species representing eight other genera (Allosyncarpia, Angophora, Arillastrum, Corymbia, Eucalyptopsis, Stockwellia, Lophostemon and Metrosideros). The results of the study indicate that Angophora and Corymbia form a well-supported clade that is highly differentiated from Eucalyptus s.s. Corymbia species are divided between two clades, one of which may be the sister to Angophora. Allosyncarpia, Arillastrum, Eucalyptopsis and ‘Stockwellia’ are also highly differentiated from Eucalyptus s.s. If the genus Eucalyptus is to be expanded to include Angophora and Corymbia(sensu Brooker 2000), ITS data suggest that Allosyncarpia, Eucalyptopsis, ‘Stockwellia’ and potentially Arillastrum should also be included in Eucalyptus s.l. The ITS data suggest that subg. Symphyomyrtus is paraphyletic and that subg. Minutifructus should be included within it. Within subg.Symphyomyrtus, only sect. Maidenaria appears to be monophyletic. Sections Adnataria and Dumaria are probably monophyletic; sections Exsertaria and Latoangulatae are very close and probably should be combined in a single section. Section Bisectae is polyphyletic and is divided into two distinct lineages. The phylogenetic groups depicted by ITS data are consistent with the frequency of natural inter-specific hybridisations as well as data from controlled crosses within subgenus Symphyomyrtus. The ITS data illustrate that subg. Idiogenes and western Australian monocalypts are early evolutionary lines relative to E. diversifolia, E. rubiginosa (monotypic subg. Primitiva) and the eastern monocalypts and that subg. Primitiva should be sunk into subg. Eucalyptus. Subgenus Eudesmia may be monophyletic, grouping with subgenera Idiogenes and Eucalyptus. Further work is required to confirm the phylogenetic positions of the monotypic subgenera Alveolata, Cruciformes, Acerosae and Cuboidea.

Addition to Micropeltidaceae: Micropeltis goniothalamicola sp. nov. and new record of Scolecopeltidium menglaense from Chiang Rai, Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 487 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
DIANA S. MARASINGHE ◽  
SINANG HONGSANAN ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
NING XIE
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
New Host ◽  
Mucilaginous Sheath ◽  
New Host Record

A novel species, Micropeltis goniothalamicola and a new record Scolecopeltidium menglaense were collected from Mae Fah Luang Botanical Gardens, Thailand. Our new taxon is different from other species in Micropeltis in having relatively smaller ascomata, 6–8-spored asci and 4–5-septate ascospores covering with mucilaginous sheath. Our new record, S. menglaense is the first host recorded from Jasmine grandiflorum (Oleaceae). Morphological comparison coupled with phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequence data provide evidence for the new species and new host record.

Pseudodactylaria brevis sp. nov. from Thailand confirms the status of Pseudodactylariaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 369 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUAN-GEN LIN ◽  
ERIC H. C. MCKENZIE ◽  
DARBHE J. BHAT ◽  
JIAN-KUI LIU ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
The Status ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pseudodactylaria brevis, is described, illustrated and compared with other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like taxa. Evidence for the new species is provided by morphological comparison and sequence data analyses. Pseudodactylaria brevis can be distinguished from other Pseudodactylaria and Dactylaria-like species by its short hyaline conidiophores and fusiform, 1-septate hyaline conidia. Phylogenetic analysis of LSU and ITS sequence data was carried out to determine the phylogenetic placement of the species and confirm the taxonomic status of Pseudodactylariaceae.

Phylogenetic Relations of Rhizoplaca Zopf. from Anatolia Inferred from ITS Sequence Data

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demet Cansaran ◽  
Sümer Aras ◽  
İrfan Kandemir ◽  
Gökhan Halıcı
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Rdna Sequences

Like many lichen-forming fungi, species of the genus Rhizoplaca have wide geographical distributions, but studies of their genetic variability are limited. The information about the ITS rDNA sequences of three species of Rhizoplaca from Anatolia was generated and aligned with other species from other countries and also with the data belonging to Lecanora species. The examined species were collected from the volcanic rocks of Mount Erciyes which is located in the middle of Anatolia (Turkey). The sequence data aligned with eight other samples of Rhizoplaca and six different species of Lecanora were obtained from GenBank. The results support the concept maintained by Arup and Grube (2000) that Rhizoplaca may not be a genus separate from Lecanora. According to the phylogenetic tree, Rhizoplaca melanopthalma from Turkey with two different samples of R. melanopthalma from Arizona (AF159929, AF159934) and a sample from Austria formed a group under the same branch. R. peltata and R. chrysoleuca samples from Anatolia located in two other branches of the tree formed sister groups with the samples of the same species from different countries. Although R. peltata remained on the same branch with other samples of the same species from other countries it was placed in a different branch within the group. When the three species from Anatolia were considered alone, it was noticed that Rhizoplaca melanopthalma and Rhizoplaca peltata are phylogenetically closer to each other than Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca; the morphological characteristics also support this result.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Position of the New World Quail (Odontophoridae): Eight Nuclear Loci and Three Mitochondrial Regions Contradict Morphology and the Sibley-Ahlquist Tapestry

The Auk ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Andrew Cox ◽  
Rebecca T. Kimball ◽  
Edward L. Braun
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mitochondrial Data ◽  
Nuclear Loci

Abstract The evolutionary relationship between the New World quail (Odontophoridae) and other groups of Galliformes has been an area of debate. In particular, the relationship between the New World quail and guineafowl (Numidinae) has been difficult to resolve. We analyzed >8 kb of DNA sequence data from 16 taxa that represent all major lineages of Galliformes to resolve the phylogenetic position of New World quail. A combined data set of eight nuclear loci and three mitochondrial regions analyzed with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods provide congruent and strong support for New World quail being basal members of a phasianid clade that excludes guineafowl. By contrast, the three mitochondrial regions exhibit modest incongruence with each other. This is reflected in the combined mitochondrial analyses that weakly support the Sibley-Ahlquist topology that placed the New World quail basal in relation to guineafowl and led to the placement of New World quail in its own family, sister to the Phasianidae. However, simulation-based topology tests using the mitochondrial data were unable to reject the topology suggested by our combined (mitochondrial and nuclear) data set. By contrast, similar tests using our most likely topology and our combined nuclear and mitochondrial data allow us to strongly reject the Sibley-Ahlquist topology and a topology based on morphological data that unites Old and New World quail. Posición Filogenética de las Codornices del Nuevo Mundo (Odontophoridae): Ocho Loci Nucleares y Tres Regiones Mitocondriales Contradicen la Morfología y la Filogenia de Sibley y Ahlquist

scholarly journals Territoriality and the organization of technology during the Last Glacial Maximum in southwestern Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Cascalheira
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Southern Iberia ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Climate changes that occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) had significant consequences in human eco-dynamics across Europe. Among the most striking impacts are the demographic contraction of modern humans into southern refugia and the potential formation of a population bottleneck. In Iberia and southern France transformations also included the occurrence of significant technological changes, mostly marked by the emergence of a diverse set of bifacially-shaped stone projectiles. The rapid dissemination of bifacial technologies and the geographical circumscription of specific projectile morphologies within these regions have been regarded as evidence for: (1) the existence of a system of long-distance exchange and social alliance networks; (2) the organization of human groups into cultural facies with well-defined stylistic territorial boundaries. However, the degree and modes in which cultural transmission have occurred within these territories, and how it may have influenced other domains of the adaptive systems, remains largely unknown. Using southern Iberia as a case-study, this paper presents the first quantitative approach to the organization of lithic technology and its relationship to hunter-gatherers' territorial organization during the LGM. Similarities and dissimilarities in the presence of metric and morphological data describing lithic technologies are used as a proxy to explore modes and degrees of cultural transmission. Statistical results show that similarities in technological options are dependent on the chronology and geographical distance between sites and corroborate previous arguments for the organization of LGM settlement in Southern Iberia into discrete eco-cultural facies.

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