The nucleation of gas hydrates near silica surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Liang ◽  
Peter G. Kusalik
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Nucleation Behavior ◽  
Silica Surfaces ◽  
Energy Penalty ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

Understanding the nucleation and crystal growth of gas hydrates near mineral surfaces and in confinement are critical to the methane recovery from gas hydrate reservoirs. In this work, through molecular dynamics simulation studies, we present an exploration of the nucleation behavior of methane hydrates near model hydroxylated silica surfaces. Our simulation results indicate that the nucleation of methane hydrates can initiate from the silica surfaces despite of the structural mismatch of the two solid phases. A layer of intermediate half-cage structures was observed between the gas hydrate and silica surfaces, apparently helping to minimize the free energy penalty. These results have important implications to our understanding of the effects of solid surfaces on hydrate nucleation processes.

scholarly journals Simulation of Methane Recovery from Gas Hydrates Combined with Storing Carbon Dioxide as Hydrates

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Janicki ◽  
Stefan Schlüter ◽  
Torsten Hennig ◽  
Hildegard Lyko ◽  
Görge Deerberg
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Reservoir ◽  
Commercial Code ◽  
Rate Kinetics ◽  
Reservoir Simulator ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

In the medium term, gas hydrate reservoirs in the subsea sediment are intended as deposits for carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel consumption. This idea is supported by the thermodynamics of CO2 and methane (CH4) hydrates and the fact that CO2 hydrates are more stable than CH4 hydrates in a certain P-T range. The potential of producing methane by depressurization and/or by injecting CO2 is numerically studied in the frame of the SUGAR project. Simulations are performed with the commercial code STARS from CMG and the newly developed code HyReS (hydrate reservoir simulator) especially designed for hydrate processing in the subsea sediment. HyReS is a nonisothermal multiphase Darcy flow model combined with thermodynamics and rate kinetics suitable for gas hydrate calculations. Two scenarios are considered: the depressurization of an area 1,000 m in diameter and a one/two-well scenario with CO2 injection. Realistic rates for injection and production are estimated, and limitations of these processes are discussed.

scholarly journals Simulation Study on Injection of CO2-Microemulsion for Methane Recovery From Gas-Hydrate Reservoirs

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Ashok Phale ◽  
Tao Zhu ◽  
Mark Daniel White ◽  
Bernard Peter McGrail
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

Enhanced depressurisation for methane recovery from gas hydrate reservoirs by injection of compressed air and nitrogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Okwananke ◽  
Jinhai Yang ◽  
Bahman Tohidi ◽  
Evgeny Chuvilin ◽  
Vladimir Istomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

scholarly journals Estimation of the global inventory of methane hydrates in marine sediments using transfer functions

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 581-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Piñero ◽  
M. Marquardt ◽  
C. Hensen ◽  
M. Haeckel ◽  
K. Wallmann
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
Transport Reaction

Abstract. The accumulation of gas hydrates in marine sediments is essentially controlled by the accumulation of particulate organic carbon (POCar) which is microbially converted into methane, the thickness of the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) where methane can be trapped, and the delivery of methane from deep-seated sediments by ascending pore fluids and gas into the GHSZ. Recently, Marquardt et al. (2010) developed a transfer function to predict the gas hydrate inventory in diffusion-controlled geological systems based on POCar and GHSZ. We present a new parameterization of this function and apply it to global datasets of bathymetry, heat flow, seafloor temperature and organic carbon accumulation estimating a global mass of only 91 Gt of carbon (GtC) stored in marine methane hydrates. Seepage of methane-rich fluids is known to have a pronounced effect on gas hydrate accumulation. Therefore, we carried out a set of systematic model runs with the transport-reaction code in order to derive an extended transfer function explicitly considering upward fluid advection. Using averaged fluid velocities for active and passive margins, which were derived from mass balance considerations, this extended transfer function predicts the formation of gas hydrates along the continental margins worldwide. Different scenarios were investigated resulting in a global mass of sub-seafloor gas hydrates of 400–1100 GtC. Overall, our systematic approach allows to clearly and quantitatively distinguish between the effect of biogenic methane generation from POC and fluid advection on the accumulation of gas hydrate and hence, provides a simple prognostic tool for the estimation of large-scale and global gas hydrate inventories in marine sediments.

scholarly journals Gas hydrates technologies in the joint concept of geoenergy usage

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Roman Dychkovskyi ◽  
Mykola Tabachenko ◽  
Ksenia Zhadiaieva ◽  
Artur Dyczko ◽  
Edgar Cabana
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Conversion ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Operating Period ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Mining Regions

The paper represents the analysis, which has helped to establish the usage of gas hydrate technologies in the methane conversion. This gas could be obtained in different ways. Possibilities and sources for the gas obtaining have been demonstrated. Use of other environmentally friendly sources to support operation in such systems in terms of joint energy complex has been considered. The necessary kinetic connections to provide operational sustainability of all the constituents have been given. The approach helps evaluate quantitatively the priority of its physicochemical transformations to obtain gas hydrates artificially. It is possible to transport methane at considerable distances when it is solidified. Actually, in this case there is no necessity to build costly compressor stations and pipelines for its transportation to consumers. The approach is extremely important for mining regions as it helps prolong the operating period and working out of the abandoned and off-balance coal reserves. In this case, it is proposed to apply special gasification technologies tending to maximum methane recovery. The proposed solutions give the possibility to define the trends of our further research. They will be highlighted in the following authors’ studies.

scholarly journals Estimation of the global inventory of methane hydrates in marine sediments using transfer functions

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 959-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Piñero ◽  
M. Marquardt ◽  
C. Hensen ◽  
M. Haeckel ◽  
K. Wallmann
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Transport Reaction ◽  
Methane Generation

Abstract. The accumulation of gas hydrates in marine sediments is essentially controlled by the accumulation of particulate organic carbon (POC) which is microbially converted into methane, the thickness of the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) where methane can be trapped, the sedimentation rate (SR) that controls the time that POC and the generated methane stays within the GHSZ, and the delivery of methane from deep-seated sediments by ascending pore fluids and gas into the GHSZ. Recently, Wallmann et al. (2012) presented transfer functions to predict the gas hydrate inventory in diffusion-controlled geological systems based on SR, POC and GHSZ thickness for two different scenarios: normal and full compacting sediments. We apply these functions to global data sets of bathymetry, heat flow, seafloor temperature, POC input and SR, estimating a global mass of carbon stored in marine methane hydrates from 3 to 455 Gt of carbon (GtC) depending on the sedimentation and compaction conditions. The global sediment volume of the GHSZ in continental margins is estimated to be 60–67 × 1015 m3, with a total of 7 × 1015 m3 of pore volume (available for GH accumulation). However, seepage of methane-rich fluids is known to have a pronounced effect on gas hydrate accumulation. Therefore, we carried out a set of systematic model runs with the transport-reaction code in order to derive an extended transfer function explicitly considering upward fluid advection. Using averaged fluid velocities for active margins, which were derived from mass balance considerations, this extended transfer function predicts the enhanced gas hydrate accumulation along the continental margins worldwide. Different scenarios were investigated resulting in a global mass of sub-seafloor gas hydrates of ~ 550 GtC. Overall, our systematic approach allows to clearly and quantitatively distinguish between the effect of biogenic methane generation from POC and fluid advection on the accumulation of gas hydrate, and hence, provides a simple prognostic tool for the estimation of large-scale and global gas hydrate inventories in marine sediments.

Flue gas injection into gas hydrate reservoirs for methane recovery and carbon dioxide sequestration

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhai Yang ◽  
Anthony Okwananke ◽  
Bahman Tohidi ◽  
Evgeny Chuvilin ◽  
Kirill Maerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Sequestration ◽  
Gas Injection ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs

scholarly journals Enhanced CH4-CO2 Hydrate Swapping in the Presence of Low Dosage Methanol

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Shanker Pandey ◽  
Charilaos Karantonidis ◽  
Adam Paul Karcz ◽  
Nicolas von Solms
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Methane Recovery ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Hydrate Film ◽  
Hydrate Reservoirs ◽  
Low Dosage

CO2-rich gas injection into natural gas hydrate reservoirs is proposed as a carbon-neutral, novel technique to store CO2 while simultaneously producing CH4 gas from methane hydrate deposits without disturbing geological settings. This method is limited by the mass transport barrier created by hydrate film formation at the liquid–gas interface. The very low gas diffusivity through hydrate film formed at this interface causes low CO2 availability at the gas–hydrate interface, thus lowering the recovery and replacement efficiency during CH4-CO2 exchange. In a first-of-its-kind study, we have demonstrate the successful application of low dosage methanol to enhance gas storage and recovery and compare it with water and other surface-active kinetic promoters including SDS and L-methionine. Our study shows 40–80% CH4 recovery, 83–93% CO2 storage and 3–10% CH4-CO2 replacement efficiency in the presence of 5 wt% methanol, and further improvement in the swapping process due to a change in temperature from 1–4 °C is observed. We also discuss the influence of initial water saturation (30–66%), hydrate morphology (grain-coating and pore-filling) and hydrate surface area on the CH4-CO2 hydrate swapping. Very distinctive behavior in methane recovery caused by initial water saturation (above and below Swi = 0.35) and hydrate morphology is also discussed. Improved CO2 storage and methane recovery in the presence of methanol is attributed to its dual role as anti-agglomerate and thermodynamic driving force enhancer between CH4-CO2 hydrate phase boundaries when methanol is used at a low concentration (5 wt%). The findings of this study can be useful in exploring the usage of low dosage, bio-friendly, anti-agglomerate and hydrate inhibition compounds in improving CH4 recovery and storing CO2 in hydrate reservoirs without disturbing geological formation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first experimental study to explore the novel application of an anti-agglomerate and hydrate inhibitor in low dosage to address the CO2 hydrate mass transfer barrier created at the gas–liquid interface to enhance CH4-CO2 hydrate exchange. Our study also highlights the importance of prior information about methane hydrate reservoirs, such as residual water saturation, degree of hydrate saturation and hydrate morphology, before applying the CH4-CO2 hydrate swapping technique.

scholarly journals Formation and Accumulation of Pore Methane Hydrates in Permafrost: Experimental Modeling

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Chuvilin ◽  
Dinara Davletshina
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Methane Hydrates ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Geological Models ◽  
Negative Temperatures ◽  
Thermobaric Conditions ◽  
Ice Content

Favorable thermobaric conditions of hydrate formation and the significant accumulation of methane, ice, and actual data on the presence of gas hydrates in permafrost suggest the possibility of their formation in the pore space of frozen soils at negative temperatures. In addition, today there are several geological models that involve the formation of gas hydrate accumulations in permafrost. To confirm the literature data, the formation of gas hydrates in permafrost saturated with methane has been studied experimentally using natural artificially frozen in the laboratory sand and silt samples, on a specially designed system at temperatures from 0 to −8 °C. The experimental results confirm that pore methane hydrates can form in gas-bearing frozen soils. The kinetics of gas hydrate accumulation in frozen soils was investigated in terms of dependence on the temperature, excess pressure, initial ice content, salinity, and type of soil. The process of hydrate formation in soil samples in time with falling temperature from +2 °C to −8 °C slows down. The fraction of pore ice converted to hydrate increased as the gas pressure exceeded the equilibrium. The optimal ice saturation values (45−65%) at which hydrate accumulation in the porous media is highest were found. The hydrate accumulation is slower in finer-grained sediments and saline soils. The several geological models are presented to substantiate the processes of natural hydrate formation in permafrost at negative temperatures.

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