Interannual variability in life-stage specific survival and life history diversity of coho salmon in a coastal Oregon basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim K Jones ◽  
Trevan J Cornwell ◽  
Daniel L. Bottom ◽  
Staci Stein ◽  
Steven Starcevich
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Surplus Production ◽  
Life History Patterns

We quantified the population dynamics and life history diversity of seven brood years of coho salmon using a life-cycle approach. Four life history patterns, composed of fry, fry–nomad, parr, and yearling migrants indicated the importance of connectivity and access to a full range of freshwater and estuarine rearing environments through the year. Survival of each life history type varied annually with the yearling migrants contributing an average of 70% to the spawners in all but one return year. Fifty eight percent of the spawners of the 2013 return year had an estuarine rearing strategy, primarily parr migrants that overwintered in the estuary. Fry migrants, thought to be surplus production, were consistently observed in the estuary and represented in the returning spawners. The annual contribution of alternative rearing strategies to the spawners may support the resilience and viability of the population. We recommend that life cycle models of coho salmon account for the contribution of estuary migrants to the productivity and persistence of coho salmon in support of management and restoration of populations.

Population dynamics and life history patterns of branchiopod crustaceans in Mojave Desert ephemeral rock pools

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 3770-3773
Author(s):  
Peter L. Starkweather ◽  
Nicholas Vaskov ◽  
Theresa C. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life History ◽  
Mojave Desert ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Life History Patterns

scholarly journals Age and growth of three Odontesthes species from Southern Brazil (Atherinopsidae), with reference to phylogenetic constraints in their life-history

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Becker ◽  
W. Bruschi Jr. ◽  
A. C. Peret
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Life History Characteristics ◽  
Phylogenetic Constraints ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

The age and growth of three silverside species are described, and a discussion on possible phylogenetic constraints on life-history characteristics is presented. Samples were collected monthly between March 1992 and February 1993 in three freshwater coastal lakes. Standard length-total length (Ls-Lt) and weight-length (Wt-Lt) relationships studied showed interspecific differences in comparisons between juveniles and adults, males and females. Age was determined by scales. The three species presented a life-cycle duration of 4 to 5 years, with growth coefficients values (K) between 0.37 and 0.63, and asymptotic lengths between 211 and 257 mm. Some interspecific differences may be useful for distinguishing between species (sexual and life-stage related patterns in Ls-Lt and Wt-Lt). The observed life-cycle ranges and maximum sizes were compared to those of other silversides and revealed a pattern coherent with available phylogenetic hypotheses at the supra-generic level, indicating that some life-history characteristics may be subject to phylogenetic constraints.

Krill (Euphausiacea) life history and aspects of population dynamics

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (S3) ◽  
pp. 130-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Variable Environment ◽  
The World

The present perspective summarizes information on the variability of krill population parameters, which can assist in interpreting fluctuations in euphausiid populations. This requires knowledge about potential longevity of an individual as well as the age composition of populations. Further key parameters of the life cycle are discussed for a number of euphausiid species from oceans around the world. In a variable environment, species may show variations in sex ratio, breeding season, larval development, as well as functional characteristics such as natural mortality and productivity. Conceptual models based on results for some krill species indicate that environmental disturbances create instability in populations by reducing the recruitment success, which finally can lead to a decreasing population size.

scholarly journals Nutritional disorders in the proposed 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases: feedback from a survey of stakeholders

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3135-3141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes de Onis ◽  
Julia Zeitlhuber ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Full Range ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

AbstractObjectiveTo receive stakeholders’ feedback on the new structure of the Nutritional Disorders section of the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11).DesignA twenty-five-item survey questionnaire on the ICD-11 Nutritional Disorders section was developed and sent out via email. The international online survey investigated participants’ current use of the ICD and their opinion of the new structure being proposed for ICD-11. The LimeSurvey® software was used to conduct the survey. Summary statistical analyses were performed using the survey tool.SettingWorldwide.SubjectsIndividuals subscribed to the mailing list of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development.ResultsSeventy-two participants currently using the ICD, mainly nutritionists, public health professionals and medical doctors, completed the questionnaire (response rate 16 %). Most participants (n 69) reported the proposed new structure will be a useful improvement over ICD-10 and 78 % (n 56) considered that all nutritional disorders encountered in their work were represented. Overall, participants expressed satisfaction with the comprehensiveness, clarity and life cycle approach. Areas identified for improvement before ICD-11 is finalized included adding some missing disorders, more clarity on the transition to new terminology, links to other classifications and actions to address the disorders.ConclusionsThe Nutritional Disorders section being proposed for ICD-11 offers significant improvements compared with ICD-10. The new taxonomy and inclusion of currently missing entities is expected to enhance the classification and health-care professionals’ accurate coding of the full range of nutritional disorders throughout the life cycle.

scholarly journals Identifying the potential of anadromous salmonid habitat restoration with life cycle models

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256792
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Jorgensen ◽  
Colin Nicol ◽  
Caleb Fogel ◽  
Timothy J. Beechie
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Fine Sediment ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Beaver Pond ◽  
Barrier Removal ◽  
Life Cycle Models

An investigation into the causes of species decline should include examination of habitats important for multiple life stages. Integrating habitat impacts across life stages with life-cycle models (LCMs) can reveal habitat impairments inhibiting recovery and help guide restoration efforts. As part of the final elements of the Habitat Restoration Planning model (HARP; Beechie et al. this volume), we developed LCMs for four populations of three species of anadromous salmonids (Oncorhynchus kisutch, O. tshawytscha, and O. mykiss), and ran diagnostic scenarios to examine effects of barrier removal, fine sediment reduction, wood augmentation, riparian shade, restoration of the main channel and bank conditions, beaver pond restoration, and floodplain reconnection. In the wood scenario, spawner abundance for all populations increased moderately (29–48%). In the shade scenario, spring-run Chinook salmon abundance increased the most (48%) and fall-run Chinook salmon and steelhead were much less responsive. Coho responded strongly to the beaver pond and floodplain scenarios (76% and 54%, respectively). The fine sediment scenario most benefitted fall- and spring-run Chinook salmon (32–63%), whereas steelhead and coho were less responsive (11–21% increase). More observations are needed to understand high fine sediment and its impacts. Our LCMs were region-specific, identifying places where habitat actions had the highest potential effects. For example, the increase in spring-run Chinook salmon in the wood scenario was driven by the Cascade Mountains Ecological Region. And, although the overall response of coho salmon was small in the barrier removal scenario (6% increase at the scale of the entire basin), barrier removals had important sub-regional impacts. The HARP analysis revealed basin-wide and regional population-specific potential benefits by action types, and this habitat-based approach could be used to develop restoration strategies and guide population rebuilding. An important next step will be to ground-truth our findings with robust empirically-based estimates of life stage-specific survivals and abundances.

Prey tell: what quillback rockfish early life history traits reveal about their survival in encounters with juvenile coho salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 650 ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
HW Fennie ◽  
S Sponaugle ◽  
EA Daly ◽  
RD Brodeur
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Otolith Microstructure Analysis ◽  
Pelagic Juvenile

Predation is a major source of mortality in the early life stages of fishes and a driving force in shaping fish populations. Theoretical, modeling, and laboratory studies have generated hypotheses that larval fish size, age, growth rate, and development rate affect their susceptibility to predation. Empirical data on predator selection in the wild are challenging to obtain, and most selective mortality studies must repeatedly sample populations of survivors to indirectly examine survivorship. While valuable on a population scale, these approaches can obscure selection by particular predators. In May 2018, along the coast of Washington, USA, we simultaneously collected juvenile quillback rockfish Sebastes maliger from both the environment and the stomachs of juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. We used otolith microstructure analysis to examine whether juvenile coho salmon were age-, size-, and/or growth-selective predators of juvenile quillback rockfish. Our results indicate that juvenile rockfish consumed by salmon were significantly smaller, slower growing at capture, and younger than surviving (unconsumed) juvenile rockfish, providing direct evidence that juvenile coho salmon are selective predators on juvenile quillback rockfish. These differences in early life history traits between consumed and surviving rockfish are related to timing of parturition and the environmental conditions larval rockfish experienced, suggesting that maternal effects may substantially influence survival at this stage. Our results demonstrate that variability in timing of parturition and sea surface temperature leads to tradeoffs in early life history traits between growth in the larval stage and survival when encountering predators in the pelagic juvenile stage.

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