Effects of storage temperature on physiological characteristics of fall-lifted white spruce (Picea glauca) bareroot seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingfang Wang ◽  
Janusz J. Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Bareroot Seedlings

Effects of storage temperature on physiological characteristics of fall-lifted white spruce (Picea glauca) bareroot seedlings

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingfang Wang ◽  
Janusz J Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Bareroot Seedlings ◽  
Bud Flushing ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Fall-lifted white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) bareroot seedlings were winter stored at -2, -4, and -6°C. The electrolyte leakage and carbohydrate content were periodically measured in roots and shoots during storage. Water relations, gas exchange, bud flushing, and root growth potentials were measured after 4 and (or) 7 months of frozen storage. Shoots and roots of seedlings stored at -6°C had higher electrolyte leakage compared with those stored at -2 and -4°C. Sugar levels increased as a result of frozen storage and were higher in seedlings stored at -4 and -6°C compared with those at -2°C. Root total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) contents declined with storage duration in all storage temperatures. However, seedlings stored at -4 and -6°C maintained slightly higher root TNC than those stored at -2°C. Needle TNC in seedlings stored at -4 and -6°C did not change; however, it declined in seedlings stored at -2°C. Storage temperatures of -4 and -6°C also altered seedling water relations with seedlings stored at these temperatures having lower osmotic potentials at turgor loss point and at full hydration and less elastic cell walls compared with seedlings stored at -2°C. Lower storage temperatures decreased root growth potentials and delayed bud flushing following planting.

Growth, morphology, and gas exchange in white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings acclimated to different humidity conditions

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica J Roberts ◽  
Janusz J Zwiazek
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Net Assimilation

The study examined the effects of different relative humidity conditions at germination, early growth, and following cold storage on morphological and physiological characteristics of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings. Seedlings that were grown for 18 weeks following seed germination at the lower, 30% RH (RHinitial) treatments were shorter and had smaller stem diameters, shorter needles with more epicuticular wax, and a greater density of needles per centimetre stem, compared with the 80% RHinitial seedlings. After 18 weeks of growth under 30, 50, and 80% RH, the seedlings were hardened off, stored for 8 weeks at 3°C and planted in pots in growth chambers under 42 and 74% relative humidity (RHsubsequent). Under 74% RHsubsequent conditions, the lower RHinitial seedlings flushed sooner and had higher growth rates compared with the higher RHinitial seedlings. When the higher RHinitial seedlings were placed under 42% RHsubsequent conditions, their bud flush was delayed, and subsequent growth rates were lower compared with the lower RHinitial seedlings. When measured at 40% RH, seedlings subjected to lower RHinitial had higher net assimilation rates and stomatal conductance compared with the seedlings acclimated to higher RHinitial humidity. It was concluded that the humidity conditions present during early seedling growth following germination significantly affect their morphological and physiological characteristics during the second growth season.

Genetic parameters of morphological and physiological characteristics of containerized white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench.] Voss) seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Carles ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Jean Beaulieu ◽  
Debbie C. Stowe ◽  
Hank A. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Physiological Characteristics

WHITE SPRUCE AND THE SPRUCE BUDWORM: DEFINING THE PHENOLOGICAL WINDOW OF SUSCEPTIBILITY

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Lawrence ◽  
William J. Mattson ◽  
Robert A. Haack
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Foliar Traits

AbstractSynchrony of insect and host tree phenologies has often been suggested as an important factor influencing the susceptibility of white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and other hosts to the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). We evaluated this hypothesis by caging several cohorts of spruce budworm larvae on three white spruce populations at different phenological stages of the host trees, and then comparing budworm performance with host phenology and variation of 13 foliar traits. The beginning of the phenological window of susceptibility in white spruce occurs several weeks prior to budbreak, and the end of the window is sharply defined by the end of shoot growth. Performance was high for the earliest budworm cohorts that we tested. These larvae began feeding 3–4 weeks prior to budbreak and completed their larval development prior to the end of shoot elongation. Optimal synchrony occurred when emergence preceded budbreak by about 2 weeks. Larval survival was greater than 60% for individuals starting development 1–3 weeks prior to budbreak, but decreased to less than 10% for those starting development 2 or more weeks after budbreak and thus completing development after shoot elongation ceased. High performance by the budworm was most strongly correlated with high levels of foliar nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, copper, sugars, and water and low levels of foliar calcium, phenolics, and toughness. These results suggest that advancing the usual phenological window of white spruce (i.e. advancing budbreak prior to larval emergence) or retarding budworm phenology can have a large negative effect on the spruce budworm’s population dynamics.

A new endoconidial black meristematic genus, Atramixtia, associated with declining white spruce and phylogenetically allied to a lineage of dothidealean conifer pathogens

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tsuneda ◽  
M.L. Davey ◽  
R.S. Currah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
Granular Matrix ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities

An endoconidial, black meristematic taxon Atramixtia arboricola gen. et. sp. nov. (Dothideales) from the black subicula found on twigs of declining white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, in Alberta is described. It is morphologically distinguishable from other endoconidial taxa by the conidioma composed of clumps of endoconidial conidiogenous cells, scattered meristematically dividing cells, dematiaceous hyphae, abundant brown, granular matrix materials, and sometimes plant tissue. Endoconidia also occur in conidiogenous cellular clumps that are not organized into a conidioma but develop directly from stromatic cells on the bark. In culture, it forms similar endoconidial conidiomata and also a mycelial, blastic synanamorph that superficially resembles Hormonema . Atramixtia arboricola is a member of the Dothideales and shows phylogenetic affinities to a clade of conifer-stem and -needle pathogens, including Sydowia and Delphinella , although no teleomorph was found either on the natural substrate or in culture. It has not been determined whether A. arboricola is pathogenic to its host, but the occurrence of abundant intracellular hyphae in the host periderm suggests that the fungus is at least parasitic.

Soil carbon sequestration with forest expansion in an arctic forest–tundra landscape

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1538-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Steltzer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Forest Expansion ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
C Pools ◽  
Sampling Locations

Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools were measured under the canopy of 29 white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) trees and in the surrounding tundra 3 and 6 m away from each tree at three sites of recent forest expansion along the Agashashok River in northwestern Alaska. The aim was to characterize the potential for forest expansion to lead to increased soil C pools across diverse tundra types. Soil C beneath the trees correlated positively with tree age, suggesting that tree establishment has led to C storage in the soils under their canopy at a rate of 18.5 ± 4.6 g C·m–2·year–1. Soil C in the surrounding tundra did not differ from those under the trees and showed no relationship to tree age. This characterization of the soil C pools at the 3-m scale strengthens the assertion that the pattern associated with the trees is an effect of the trees, because tree age cannot explain variation among tundra sampling locations at this scale. Potential mechanisms by which these white spruce trees could increase soil C pools include greater production and lower litter quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document