scholarly journals A review of the current state of antimicrobial susceptibility test methods for Brachyspira

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G.R.S. Kulathunga ◽  
J.E. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Current State

The re-emergence of swine dysentery (Brachyspira-associated muco-haemorrhagic colitis) since the late 2000s has illuminated diagnostic challenges associated with this genus. The methods used to detect, identify, and characterize Brachyspira from clinical samples have not been standardized, and laboratories frequently rely heavily on in-house techniques. Particularly concerning is the lack of standardized methods for determining and interpreting the antimicrobial susceptibility of Brachyspira spp. The integration of laboratory data into a treatment plan is a critical component of prudent antimicrobial usage. Therefore, the lack of standardized methods is an important limitation to the evidence-based use of antimicrobials. This review will focus on describing the methodological limitations and inconsistencies between current susceptibility testing schemes employed for Brachyspira, provide an overview of what we do know about the susceptibility of these organisms, and suggest future directions to improve and standardize diagnostic strategies.

Occurrence of Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli and Their In Vitro Susceptibility Pattern by Vitek 2 at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital – An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
Atit Dineshchandra Shah ◽  
Urvashi Natubhai Limbachia ◽  
Bhavin K. Prajapati ◽  
Lata Patel ◽  
Dharati Tusharbhai Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vitek 2

BACKGROUND Non fermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are a group of heterogenous, aerobic and non-sporing saprophytic bacteria, found as commensals in humans and other animals primarily causing opportunistic healthcare-associated infections. They are innately resistant to many antibiotics and are known to acquire resistance by various mechanisms. They pose a particular difficulty for the healthcare community because multidrug resistance is common and increasing among them and a number of strains have now been identified that exhibit pan drug resistance. This study was conducted to isolate and identify various non-fermenter gram negative bacilli (NFGNB), to study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and their clinical significance from various clinical samples. METHODS A study was undertaken from March 2019 to February 2020 to isolate NFGNB from various clinical samples received for culture and sensitivity in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad. Non lactose fermenting colonies on MacConkey agar plates were further processed by Vitek 2 to identify them and to study their antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). RESULTS A total of 2010 NFGNB were isolated from various clinical samples and their AST was evaluated by Vitek 2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (52.7 %) and Acinetobacter baumannii (36.5 %) were the most common NFGNB isolated. Carbapenem resistance was 93 % for Acinetobacter species and 61 % for Pseudomonas species. CONCLUSIONS Accurate and rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of NFGNB help in early initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy and proper management of patients thereby help in reducing emergence of MDR strains of NFGNB, mortality and overall hospital stay. KEYWORDS NFGNB – Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli, Multidrug Resistance, Pan Drug Resistance, Carbapenem Resistance

scholarly journals A Biosensor Platform for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Directly From Clinical Samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Mach ◽  
Ruchika Mohan ◽  
Ellen Jo Baron ◽  
Mei-Chiung Shih ◽  
Vincent Gau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Samples

Evaluation of FASTinov® ultra-rapid flow cytometry antimicrobial susceptibility testing directly from positive blood cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Silva-Dias ◽  
Blanca Pérez-Viso ◽  
Inês Martins-Oliveira ◽  
Rosário Gomes ◽  
Acácio G Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
Rapid Flow ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

The ultra-rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test FASTinov® flow cytometry kit was directly evaluated on positive blood cultures (BC) at two sites: i) FASTinov® in Porto (Portugal) using spiked BC with well-characterized bacteria and ii) Ramon y Cajal University hospital in Madrid (Spain) using patients positive BC. Two kits were evaluated, FAST gramneg ( Enterobacterales , Pseudomonas , Acinetobacter ) and FAST grampos ( Staphylococcus , Enterococcus ). A dedicated software for cytometric data analysis and interpretative reporting, both using CLSI and EUCAST criteria, were used. The FAST gramneg kit also provides information about the presence of resistant mechanisms, including ESBLs and carbapenemases. After 1-h incubation at 37°C bacteria were analysed by CytoFLEX® cytometer (Beckman, CA). Disk diffusion was performed as reference susceptibility method. Overall, 447 positive BC were included, 100 from hospitalized patients. Categorical agreement for FAST gramneg panel was 96.8% for EUCAST and 96.4% for CLSI. For FAST grampos panel it was 98.6% when using both criteria. Using EUCAST criteria the percentage of errors for FAST gramneg panel was 2.1% minor errors (mE), 1.3% major errors (ME) and 0.6% very major errors (VME). Concerning CLSI, 2.9% mE, 0.9% ME and 0.4% VME were found. VMEs were mainly observed with amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and gentamicin. FAST grampos panel showed 0.3% mE, 1.4% ME and 0.4% VME using EUCAST criteria (VME regarded gentamicin and Staphylococcus ) while 0.4% mE, 1.4% ME and no VME when using CLSI criteria. FASTinov® flow cytometry kits represent a rapid alternative for direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing from positive BC, showing time-to-results <2-h, which can be used to personalized antibiotics and stewardship practices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document